Examining the safety of belimumab, especially in children: an analysis of real-world pharmacovigilance data from the US FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database.

Background: Belimumab was approved in the US in 2019 for children with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), making it the only medicine that can treat SLE in both adults and children. The authors retrospectively investigated adverse events (AEs) by data-mining a self-reported database.

Research Design And Methods: PRR, ROR, and BCPNN were used to assess the association between belimumab and AEs.

Insights into oral lentinan immunomodulation: Dectin-1-mediated lymphatic transport from Peyer's patch M cells to mononuclear phagocytes.

Lentinan (LNT), a natural polysaccharide, has been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory effects in the intestine after oral administration. Herein, we aimed to investigate the lymphatic transport of LNT in Peyer's patches (PPs) by traceable fluorescent labeling and to explore whether/how LNT contacts related immune cells. Near-infrared imaging confirmed the absorption of LNT in the small intestinal segment and its accumulation within PPs after oral administration.

Gastrointestinal metabolism characteristics and mechanism of a polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa.

Grifola frondosa polysaccharide (GFP) is mainly composed of α-1,4 glycosidic bonds and possesses multiple pharmacological activities. However, the absence of pharmacokinetic studies has limited its further development and utilization. Herein, GFP was labeled with 5-DTAF (FGFP) and cyanine 5.

Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via restoring estrogen-related receptor α expression in liver.

Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) showed increasingly recognized hepatoprotective effects and lipid regulation. Because polysaccharides are typically degraded into fragments or short-chain fatty acids in the gut, rather than being absorbed in their intact form, it is worth pondering why ASP can regulate hepatic lipid metabolism and protect the liver from damage caused by lipid accumulation. In vivo and in vitro nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) models with lipid accumulation were established to investigate the effect and potential mechanisms of ASP on hepatic fat accumulation.

Metabolic degradation of polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes by Kupffer cells via the Dectin-1/Syk signaling pathway.

It had been shown that lentinan (LNT) was mainly distributed in the liver after intravenous administration. The study aimed to investigate the integrated metabolic processes and mechanisms of LNT in the liver, as these have not been thoroughly explored. In current work, 5-([4,6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl] amino) fluorescein and cyanine 7 were used to label LNT for tracking its metabolic behavior and mechanisms.

Application Analysis of Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment Nursing Mode Based on Doctor-Nurse-Integration for Stroke Patients Undergoing Emergency Intervention Surgery.

Purpose: To analyze the application value of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment (MDT) nursing mode based on doctor-nurse-integration for stroke patients undergoing emergency intervention surgery.

Methods: In this study, a historical comparative study method was adopted. 118 stroke patients and medical staff (9 doctors and 11 nurses) who met the diagnosis and inclusion criteria of emergency intervention surgery admitted from July 2021 to February 2022 were treated clinically according to the traditional medical care mode (TMC group), 87 stroke patients and medical staff (9 doctors and 11 nurses) who met the diagnosis and inclusion criteria of emergency intervention surgery admitted from February 2022 to June 2022 were treated and cared according to the MDT nursing mode based on medical integration (MDT group).

Structural characterisation and structure-antioxidant activity relationship of polysaccharides from Lindl.

Lindl. has been long used in China as a functional food and traditional Chinese medicine and polysaccharides from Lindl. (DOP) exhibited extensive bioactivities.

Predictive Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression for Patients with Esophageal Cancer.

Background: The influential factors of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in esophageal cancer in central China are unclear. This study aimed to develop a model for prediction of incidence of myelosuppression during chemotherapy among patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 1446 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent five different chemotherapy regimens between 2013 and 2020 at our institute were randomly assigned in a 7:3 ratio to training and validation data sets.

Synthesis of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots with Tunable Crystal Structure and Photoluminescent Properties.

Mastery over the structure of nanocrystals is a powerful tool for the control of their fluorescence properties and to broaden the range of their applications. In this work, the crystalline structure of CdSe can be tuned by the precursor concentration and the dosage of tributyl phosphine, which is verified by XRD, photoluminescence and UV-vis spectra, TEM observations, and time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technology. Using a TBP-assisted thermal-cycling technique coupled with the single precursor method, core-shell QDs with different shell thicknesses were then prepared.

Metabolism and Biodegradation of β-Glucan .

The β-Glucans widely exist in plants and edible fungi, and their diverse bioactivities and good physicochemical properties have been widely reported. In addition, β-glucan intravenous injections (such as lentinan and schizophyllan) have been clinically used as immunomodulators and antitumor polysaccharides. However, the pharmacokinetic studies of β-glucans only stay on the level of plasma concentration and biodistribution , and little is known about their metabolism and degradation , which severely limits the further application of β-glucans in the field of medicine and biomaterials.

Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Esophageal Cancer Patients: Risks and Suggestions for Its Management.

Objective: The influential factors of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in esophageal cancer in central China are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of commonly used chemotherapy regimens on the incidence of myelosuppression in clinical treatment of esophageal cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 624 patients with esophageal cancer who received six different chemotherapy regimens between 2013 and 2020 at our institute were included.

Advances in oral absorption of polysaccharides: Mechanism, affecting factors, and improvement strategies.

Polysaccharides have been widely used as biomaterials and drugs after oral administration due to their suitable physicochemical properties, good bioactivities and low toxicities. However, studies on their pharmacokinetics and absorption mechanism after oral administration are significantly restricted by the lack of polysaccharide detection methods. With the advancement of polysaccharide detection technologies such as immunoassays, fluorescent and isotopic labelling, the oral pharmacokinetics of polysaccharides have gradually been revealed.

Pectic polysaccharide from Smilax china L. ameliorated ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the galectin-3/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon and rectum. Although galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been reported to play a proinflammatory role in UC, it is unknown whether pectic polysaccharide, a Gal-3 inhibitor in tumor metastasis, can alleviate UC by inhibiting Gal-3. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of SCLP, a pectic polysaccharide purified from Smilax china L.

Association of Myocardial Enzyme Abnormality with Clinical Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study.

Background: It has been observed that COVID-19 may cause myocardial damage, but there are few detailed reports on myocardial enzyme abnormalities.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 157 consecutive laboratory-confirmed and hospitalized COVID-19 patients from Wuhan. We collected information on demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes.

Oral absorption characteristics and mechanisms of a pectin-type polysaccharide from Smilax china L. across the intestinal epithelium.

The elucidation of the oral absorption of natural polysaccharides contributes to their further research and utilization. Herein, to explore the absorption of a pectin-type polysaccharide from Smilax china L. (SCLP), SCLP was respectively fluorescently labeled with fluorescein-5-thioicarbazide (FSCLP) and Cyanine7 amine (Cy7-SCLP) for in vitro and in vivo tracking.

Mechanism of Lentinan Intestinal Absorption: Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis and Macropinocytosis.

Lentinan (LNT), a typical triple helix β-glucan extracted from , has been widely used as a functional food and an orally administered drug. However, its oral pharmacokinetics has been rarely reported. The aim of this work is to systematically study the pharmacokinetics and intestinal absorption mechanism of LNT after oral administration.

Construction of Ultrasonic Tactile Force Feedback Model in Teleoperation Robot System.

The ultrasonic phased array as an emerging interactive tool is increasingly used for aerial tactile interaction. However, there is almost no method to achieve remote variable force feedback through the ultrasonic phased array as far as we know. This article presents a force tactile feedback method for teleoperating robot systems that tracks the five fingers and forms a focus on the fingertips.

Molecular dynamics simulation of lentinan and its interaction with the innate receptor dectin-1.

Lentinan, a β-1,3-D-glucan, is clinically used as an immune enhancement drug for tumor therapy. Dectin-1 is a cell-surface immune receptor, which plays an important role in immunological defense against fungal pathogens and β-glucan-mediated immune modulation. Herein we attempted to study the advanced structure of lentinan and how lentinan interacts with dectin-1 for its immune enhancement effect.

Metabolic degradation of lentinan in liver mediated by CYP450 enzymes and epoxide hydrolase.

Lentinan (LNT), a typical triple helix β-glucan, has been widely used as drug and biomaterial. However, its pharmacokinetics in vivo is rarely reported, which severely limits its further development and application. The aim of this study is to establish a sensitive method for detecting LNT in biosamples and to evaluate the plasma level, tissue distribution and metabolic degradation of LNT in rats.

Apoptosis induction activity of polysaccharide from in H22-bearing mice through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway and inhibition of tubulin polymerization.

Background: is a medicinal mushroom widely used in Asian countries for protecting people against some types of cancer and other diseases.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the direct antiproliferation activity and the antitumor mechanisms of water-extracted polysaccharide (WEP1) purified from in H22 cells and H22-bearing mice.

Design: The extraction, isolation, purification, and structure determination of the water-soluted polysaccharide WEP1 were performed.

Identification of the core active structure of a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide and its protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis.

It has been claimed that Dendrobium officinale applied as a functional food in China for centuries derived from the excellent anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, we aim to investigate the core structure of a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) based on the linear structural features by a specific endo-β-1,4-mannanase which was required for the protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Structure characterization revealed that enzymatic fragment contained the core domain (EDOP) which was composed of glucose and mannose in the molar ratio of 1.

Advances in tracking of polysaccharides in vivo: Labeling strategies, potential factors and applications based on pharmacokinetic characteristics.

Due to their good physicochemical properties, high biocompatibility and low toxicity, polysaccharides have been widely used as biomaterials in the fields of medicine and biology. However, in vivo investigations of their pharmacokinetics are significantly restricted by the difficulty in detection of polysaccharides. To date, polysaccharide labeling has become one of the most promising approaches for tracking polysaccharides in vivo.

Self-assembled Angelica sinensis polysaccharide nanoparticles with an instinctive liver-targeting ability as a drug carrier for acute alcoholic liver damage protection.

The present work aimed to study the feasibility of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) as an instinctive liver-targeting drug delivery carrier with applications in acute alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Amphipathic cholesteryl hemisuccinate-ASP (ASP-CHEMS) conjugate was synthesized by an esterification reaction and characterized by conventional methods. ASP-CHEMS self-assembled nanoparticles (ACNPs) and Curcumin-loaded ACNPs (Cur/ACNPs) were fabricated with a roughly spherical shape, and their sizes were ranged from 200 to 260 nm in aqueous solution.