Study on the discoloration phenomenon caused by iron ion oxidation in Boston ivy pads and its effect on adhesion force.

Boston ivy has received much attention from researchers owing to its exceptional climbing abilities. However, many aspects of their adhesion behavior remain unresolved. Our research has discovered a phenomenon of oxidation and discoloration in Boston ivy pads, which leads to a significant decrease in adhesion force.

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is required for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus uncoating.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to cause substantial economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Previous studies from other groups showed that CD163 is required for PRRSV uncoating and genome release. However, CD163 does not interact with nucleocapsid (N) protein.

Serine protease RAYM_01812 (SspA) inhibits complement-mediated killing and monocyte chemotaxis and contributes to virulence of in ducks.

(RA) is a significant poultry pathogen causing acute septicemia and inflammation. The function of protease RAYM_01812, responsible for gelatin degradation, is unexplored in RA pathogenesis. To elucidate its role, we generated a deletion mutant ΔRAYM_01812 (ΔRAYM) and complementary CΔRAYM_01812 (CΔRAYM) strain and revealed the protease's role in extracellular gelatinase activity.

The outer membrane protein, OMP71, of Riemerella anatipestifer, mediates adhesion and virulence by binding to CD46 in ducks.

The Riemerella anatipestifer bacterium is known to cause infectious serositis in ducklings. Moreover, its adherence to the host's respiratory mucosa is a critical step in pathogenesis. Membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) is a complement regulatory factor on the surface of eukaryotic cell membranes.

Apoptotic vesicle-mediated senolytics requires mechanical loading.

Mechanical force plays crucial roles in extracellular vesicle biogenesis, release, composition and activity. However, it is unknown whether mechanical force regulates apoptotic vesicle (apoV) production. The effects of mechanical unloading on extracellular vesicles of bone marrow were evaluated through morphology, size distribution, yield, and protein mass spectrometry analysis using hindlimb unloading (HU) mouse model.

Antitumor Effect of Apcin on Endometrial Carcinoma via p21-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis.

Objective: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a prevalent gynecological malignancy characterized by increasing incidence and mortality rates. This underscores the critical need for novel therapeutic targets. One such potential target is cell division cycle 20 (CDC20), which has been implicated in oncogenesis.

Manipulating the processing window of directed self-assembly in contact hole shrinking with binary block copolymer/homopolymer blending.

Directed self-assembly (DSA) lithography has demonstrated significant potential in fabricating integrated circuits. However, DSA encounters limited processing windows due to the requirement for precise matching between the period of block copolymers (BCPs) and graphoepitaxy templates. We propose a binary BCP/homopolymer blending strategy to manipulate the self-assembly behavior and the processing window of graphoepitaxy DSA in contact hole shrinking.

H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Downregulates FcRY Expression in Chicken Macrophage Cell Line HD11 by Activating the JNK MAPK Pathway.

The H9N2 avian influenza virus causes reduced production performance and immunosuppression in chickens. The chicken yolk sac immunoglobulins (IgY) receptor (FcRY) transports from the yolk into the embryo, providing offspring with passive immunity to infection against common poultry pathogens. FcRY is expressed in many tissues/organs of the chicken; however, there are no reports investigating FcRY expression in chicken macrophage cells, and how H9N2-infected HD11 cells (a chicken macrophage-like cell line) regulate FcRY expression remains uninvestigated.

The change of state-trait anxiety among patients undergoing orthognathic surgery: A longitudinal study.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess state-trait anxiety level changes in Chinese patients with dentofacial discrepancies before and after orthognathic surgery and to explore the feasibility of developing a reference index for the preoperative screening of postoperative patients with high anxiety.

Methods: A total of 96 Chinese patients with dentofacial discrepancies who underwent orthognathic surgery were included in this study. Data were collected before orthognathic surgery and at 2 weeks (T2), 3 months, and 6 months (T4) after surgery using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

Properties of [F]FAPI monitoring of acute radiation pneumonia versus [F]FDG in mouse models.

Objective: In this study, the uptake characteristics of [F]fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) molecular imaging probe were investigated in acute radiation pneumonia and lung cancer xenografted mice before and after radiation to assess the future applicability of [F]FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in early radiotherapy response.

Methods: Initially, the biodistribution of [F]FAPI tracer in vivo were studied in healthy mice at each time-point. A comparison of [F]FAPI and [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging efficacy in normal ICR, LLC tumor-bearing mice was evaluated.

Palmitoylation of vacuole membrane protein 1 promotes small extracellular vesicle secretion via interaction with ALIX and influences intercellular communication.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (EVs), exemplified by exosomes, mediate intercellular communication by transporting proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs. Post-translational modifications are involved in controlling small EV secretion process. However, whether palmitoylation regulates small EV secretion, remains largely unexplored.

RNA mA modification regulates L1 retrotransposons in human spermatogonial stem cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo.

The maintenance of genome integrity in the germline is crucial for mammalian development. Long interspersed element type 1 (LINE-1, L1) is a mobile genetic element that makes up about 17% of the human genome and poses a threat to genome integrity. N6-methyl-adenosine (mA) plays an essential role in regulating various biological processes.

[Mandibular condyle localization in orthognathic surgery based on mandibular movement trajectory and its preliminary accuracy verification].

Objective: To establish and assess the precision of pre-surgical condyle position planning using mandibular movement trajectory data for orthognathic surgery.

Methods: Skull data from large-field cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental oral scan data were imported into IVSPlan 1.0.

F-FAPI PET/CT performs better in evaluating mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer: comparison with F-FDG PET/CT.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluorine 18 (F) labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) in identifying mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastases and to develop a model to quantitatively and repeatedly identify lymph node status.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with 137 lymph nodes were identified by two PET/CT images. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of lymph node status were analyzed, and the optimal cut-off value was identified by ROC analysis.

Effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of broilers challenged with Escherichia coli.

The effects of pomegranate peel on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and the cecal microbial community were investigated in broilers challenged with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) O78. A total of 240 one-day-old chicks (120 males and 120 females) were randomly and evenly allotted into 4 treatment groups (each with 6 biological replicates each of 10 chicks), i.e.

Divergent Roles of KLF4 During Primordial Germ Cell Fate Induction from Human Embryonic Stem Cells.

As a core transcriptional factor regulating pluripotency, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has gained much attention in the field of stem cells during the past decades. However, few research have focused on the function of KLF4 during human primordial germ cell (PGC) specification. Here, we induced human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and the derived hPGCLCs upregulated PGC-related genes, like SOX17, BLIMP1, TFAP2C, NANOS3, and the naïve pluripotency gene KLF4.

Outer membrane protein OMP76 of contributes to complement evasion and virulence by binding to duck complement factor vitronectin.

is an important bacterial pathogen in poultry. Pathogenic bacteria recruit host complement factors to resist the bactericidal effect of serum complement. Vitronectin (Vn) is a complementary regulatory protein that inhibits the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC).

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus nsp13 Protein Downregulates Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression by Causing Promoter Hypermethylation through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly pathogenic porcine enteric coronavirus that causes severe watery diarrhea and even death in piglets. The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is the only transport receptor for IgG. FcRn expressed by intestinal epithelial cells can transport IgG from breast milk to piglets to provide immune protection.

Visual and label-free ASFV and PCV2 detection by CRISPR-Cas12a combined with G-quadruplex.

African swine fever (ASF) and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) are acute infectious diseases caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). At present, there are no effective vaccines for the prevention of ASFV. PMWS, which is harmful to the domestic and even the world pig industry, is difficult to cure and has a high mortality.

Immunogenicity of live phoP gene deletion strain of Riemerella anatipestifer serotype 1.

Duck infectious serositis is an acute and infectious disease caused by Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer) that leads to perihepatitis, pericarditis, meningitis, and airbag inflammation in ducks, which causes serious economic losses to the global duck industry. The phoP/phoR is a novel 2-component signal transduction system first reported in gram-negative bacteria, of which phoP acts as a global regulator and virulence factor.

Fe-doped carbonized polymer dot-based fluorescent sensor with "turn-on" property for hydrazine hydrate detection.

It has become a significant problem to develop and improve carbonized polymer dot (CPD)-based fluorescence sensors with environmental detection features. In this study, fluorescent "turn on" sensors of CPDs were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method using -phenylenediamine (-PD) and ferric chloride (FeCl) as raw materials. Fe-doped CPDs exhibited excellent fluorescence properties, stability, and the sensitive and selective "turn on" detection of hydrazine hydrate (NH·HO).

The balance between NANOG and SOX17 mediated by TET proteins regulates specification of human primordial germ cell fate.

Background: Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) initiate from the early post-implantation embryo at week 2-3 and undergo epigenetic reprogramming during development. However, the regulatory mechanism of DNA methylation during hPGC specification is still largely unknown due to the difficulties in analyzing early human embryos. Using an in vitro model of hPGC induction, we found a novel function of TET proteins and NANOG in the hPGC specification which was different from that discovered in mice.

Study of the ordered assembly morphologies of diblock copolymers on the same substrate.

With the development of frontier technology in emerging semiconductor processes, self-assembling (SA) and directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) have attracted great attention from scientific researchers and become promising candidates for advanced photolithography. Using an optimal coating and baking process, highly ordered assembly morphologies (, cylinder and lamella) of two BCPs in thin films were obtained without an additional topcoat material layer. Moreover, the whole experimental study also provides an optimal process for integrating the two BCPs into the same topographic guiding pattern substrate fabricated by electron beam lithography (EBL) to achieve specific self-assembly.