Magnetic Resonance Perfusion-Weighted Imaging in Predicting Hemorrhagic Transformation of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Study.

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is one of the common complications in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aims to investigate the value of different thresholds of Tmax generated from perfusion-weighted MR imaging (PWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in the prediction of HT in AIS. A total of 156 AIS patients were enrolled in this study, with 55 patients in the HT group and 101 patients in non-HT group.

Robustness of radiomics features of virtual unenhanced and virtual monoenergetic images in dual-energy CT among different imaging platforms and potential role of CT number variability.

Objectives: To evaluate robustness of dual-energy CT (DECT) radiomics features of virtual unenhanced (VUE) image and virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) among different imaging platforms.

Methods: A phantom with sixteen clinical-relevant densities was scanned on ten DECT platforms with comparable scan parameters. Ninety-four radiomic features were extracted via Pyradiomics from VUE images and VMIs at energy level of 70 keV (VMI).

Computed Diffusion-Weighted Images of Rectal Cancer: Image Quality, Restaging, and Treatment Response after Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background: Computed diffusion-weighted images (cDWI) of random b value could be derived from acquired DWI (aDWI) with at least two different b values. However, its comparison between aDWI and cDWI images in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients after neoadjuvant therapy (NT) is needed.

Purpose: To compare the cDWI and aDWI in image quality, restaging, and treatment response of LARC after NT.

CT-Based Radiomic Score: A Risk Stratifier in Far-Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients.

Objectives: To prolong the survival, the value of a computed tomography-based radiomic score (RS) in stratifying survival and guiding personalized chemotherapy strategies in far-advanced gastric cancer (FGC) was investigated.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 283 FGC patients (cT4a/bNxM0-1) from three centers. Patients from one center were randomly divided into the training (n = 166) and internal validation (n = 83) cohorts, whereas the external validation cohort (n = 34) consisted of patients from the two other centers.

Efficacy and prognostic value of delta radiomics on dual-energy computed tomography for gastric cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a preliminary study.

Background: A non-invasive tool for tumor regression grade (TRG) evaluation is urgently needed for gastric cancer (GC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Purpose: To develop and validate a radiomics signature (RS) to evaluate TRG for locally advanced GC after NAC and assess its prognostic value.

Material And Methods: A total of 103 patients with GC treated with NAC were retrospectively recruited from April 2018 to December 2019 and were randomly allocated into a training cohort (n = 69) and a validation cohort (n = 34).

Comparison of Computed and Acquired DWI in the Assessment of Rectal Cancer: Image Quality and Preoperative Staging.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the computed diffusion-weighted images (DWI) in image quality and diagnostic performance of rectal cancer by comparing with the acquired DWI.

Methods: A total of 103 consecutive patients with primary rectal cancer were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent two DWI sequences, namely, conventional acquisition with b = 0 and 1,000 s/mm (aDWI) and another with b = 0 and 700 s/mm on a 3.

The Performance of a Dual-Energy CT Derived Radiomics Model in Differentiating Serosal Invasion for Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Iodine Map Combined With 120-kV Equivalent Mixed Images.

Objectives: The aim was to determine whether the dual-energy CT radiomics model derived from an iodine map (IM) has incremental diagnostic value for the model based on 120-kV equivalent mixed images (120 kVp) in preoperative restaging of serosal invasion with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: A total of 155 patients (110 in the training cohort and 45 in the testing cohort) with LAGC who had standard NAC before surgery were retrospectively enrolled. All CT images were analyzed by two radiologists for manual classification.

Deep learning for differentiating novel coronavirus pneumonia and influenza pneumonia.

Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) has been found to have high sensitivity in diagnosing novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) at the early stage, giving it an advantage over nucleic acid detection during the current pandemic. In this study, we aimed to develop and validate an integrated deep learning framework on chest CT images for the automatic detection of NCP, focusing particularly on differentiating NCP from influenza pneumonia (IP).

Methods: A total of 148 confirmed NCP patients [80 male; median age, 51.

Can the Wall Shear Stress Values of Left Internal Mammary Artery Grafts during the Perioperative Period Reflect the One-Year Patency?

Purpose: The left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is the preferred graft for coronary artery bypass grafting, but the reasoning for LIMA occlusion is unclear. We sought to examine whether the wall shear stress (WSS) values of LIMA grafts during the perioperative period reflected the 1-year patency by using combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) images.

Methods: CCTA was performed in 233 patients with LIMA graft perioperatively and 1 year later from October 2014 to May 2017.

Assessment of liver metastases radiomic feature reproducibility with deep-learning-based semi-automatic segmentation software.

Background: Good feature reproducibility enhances model reliability. The manual segmentation of gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM) can be time-consuming and unstable.

Purpose: To assess the value of a semi-automatic segmentation tool in improving the reproducibility of the radiomic features of GCLM.

Clinical Features and Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Single-Center Study in Shanghai, China.

Confronting the new coronavirus infection known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging and requires excluding patients with suspected COVID-19 who actually have other diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical features and CT manifestations of COVID-19 by comparing patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with patients with non-COVID-19 pneumonia who presented at a fever observation department in Shanghai, China. Patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study from January 19 through February 6, 2020.

Normal lung attenuation distribution and lung volume on computed tomography in a Chinese population.

Although lung attenuation distribution and lung volume on computed tomography (CT) have been widely used in evaluating COPD and interstitial lung disease, there are only a few studies regarding the normal range of these indices, especially in Chinese subjects. We aimed to describe the normal range of lung attenuation distribution and lung volume based on CT. Subjects with normal lung function and basically normal chest CT findings (derivation group) at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai (from January 2010 to June 2014) were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Evaluation of Effects of TGF-β1 Inhibition on Gastric Cancer in Nude Mice by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and In-Line X-ray Phase Contrast Imaging With Sequential Histology.

Background: Accurate and complete response evaluation after treatment is important to implement individualized therapy for gastric cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and in-line X-ray phase contrast imaging (ILXPCI) in the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) inhibition.

Study Type: Prospective animal study.

Locally advanced gastric cancer: total iodine uptake to predict the response of primary lesion to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a prognostic factor in many cancer types. However, the existing evaluative criteria are deficient. We sought to prospectively evaluate the total iodine uptake derived from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in predicting treatment efficacy and progression-free survival (PFS) time in gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Study of Rectal Adenocarcinoma Associated with Histopathologic Prognostic Factors: Preliminary Findings.

Purpose To determine the correlation between diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)-derived parameters and prognostic factors for rectal adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods This study was approved by the local institute review board, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Data from 56 patients (median age, 59.

Decreased stage migration rate of early gastric cancer with a new reconstruction algorithm using dual-energy CT images: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential value of advanced monoenergetic images (AMEIs) on early gastric cancer (EGC) using dual-energy CT (DECT).

Methods: 31 EGC patients (19 men, 12 women; age range, 38-81 years; mean age, 57.19 years) were retrospectively enrolled in this study.

Gastric Cancer: Preoperative TNM Staging With Individually Adjusted Computed Tomography Scanning Phase.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate test bolus scan technology on preoperative diagnostic performance, vascular enhancement, and artery visualization for gastric cancer.

Methods: The institutional review board approved this study. Fifty-four patients in protocol 1 were resigned to a fixed delay time scan method, and their images were obtained in the late arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PP), with start delays of 40 and 70 seconds, respectively.

Evaluation of dual energy spectral CT in differentiating metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: Initial experience.

Objectives: To investigate the value of dual energy spectral CT (DEsCT) imaging in differentiating metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer.

Methods: Fifty-five patients with rectal cancer underwent the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PP) contrast-enhanced DEsCT imaging. The virtual monochromatic images and iodine-based material decomposition images derived from DEsCT imaging were interpreted for lymph nodes (LNs) measurement.

Stomach virtual non-enhanced CT with second-generation, dual-energy CT: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To compare the true non-enhanced (TNE) and virtual non-enhanced (VNE) data sets in patients who underwent gastric preoperative dual-energy CT (DECT) and to evaluate potential radiation dose reduction by omitting a TNE scan.

Methods: A total of 74 patients underwent gastric DECT. The mean CT values, length, image quality and effective radiation doses for VNE and TNE images were compared.

[The radiation-induced jaw osteosarcoma: CT imaging features].

Objective: To evaluate the CT features of radiation-induced jaw osteosarcoma(RIJOS) developed after therapeutic irradiation for a variety of nonosseous lesions.

Methods: The demographic and CT findings of thirteen patients with RIJOS were reviewed retrospectively.Observation items included location, bone destruction, mineralized tumor matrix, periosteal reaction, soft tissue extension and calcification.

[Building and application of hospital's electronic film system].

This paper describes the design process and implementation process of electronic film system. The establishment of electronic film system allowed us to aggressively reduce film use and costs and to demonstrate a positive return.

[The value of electronic film for improving the quality of hospital services].

In this paper, by describing and comparing different implementations of electronic film combined with the actual application of the electronic film in the imaging department and the clinical departments. We elaborate electronic film for optimizing the imaging department workflow to improve service quality and patient satisfaction and other aspects of value.

Gastric cancer staging with dual energy spectral CT imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical utility of dual energy spectral CT (DEsCT) in staging and characterizing gastric cancers.

Materials And Methods: 96 patients suspected of gastric cancers underwent dual-phasic scans (arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PP)) with DEsCT mode. Three types of images were reconstructed for analysis: conventional polychromatic images, material-decomposition images, and monochromatic image sets with photon energies from 40 to 140 keV.

Spectral CT imaging of myocardial infarction: preliminary animal experience.

Objectives: To evaluate the capability of spectral CT imaging to detect the different stages and angiogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: MI was surgically induced in 40 rabbits that were evenly divided into four stages of MI: 6 h (6H), 3 days (3D), 7 days (7D) and 14 days (14D). Spectral CT was performed at 10 s, 1 min and 3 min after intravenous contrast medium administration.

Achieving consistent image quality with dose optimization in 64-row multidetector computed tomography prospective ECG gated coronary calcium scoring.

To evaluate the clinical value of a body mass index (BMI) based tube current (mA) selection method for obtaining consistent image quality with dose optimization in MDCT prospective ECG gated coronary calcium scoring. A formula for selecting mA to achieve desired image quality based on patient BMI was established using a control group (A) of 200 MDCT cardiac patients with a standard scan protocol. One hundred patients in Group B were scanned with this BMI-dependent mA for achieving a desired noise level of 18 HU at 2.