Utilization of gut environment-mediated control system of host immunity in the development of vaccine adjuvants.

Vaccination is one of the most powerful strategies for the preventive and therapeutic control of infectious diseases and other diseases such as cancer. To maximize the effectiveness of vaccines, it is necessary to modify the immune responses by means of adjuvants. The gut environment, including commensal bacteria and dietary components, has been proven to be able to mediate host immunity.

Chemically Synthesized Lipid A as an Adjuvant to Augment Immune Responses to Type B Conjugate Vaccine.

We previously identified spp. as a commensal bacterium that resides in lymphoid tissues, including Peyer's patches. We found that -derived lipopolysaccharide acted as a weak agonist of Toll-like receptor four due to the unique structure of lipid A, which lies in the core of lipopolysaccharide.