Revisiting the smart metallic nanomaterials: advances in nanotechnology-based antimicrobials.

Despite significant advancements in diagnostics and treatments over the years, the problem of antimicrobial drug resistance remains a pressing issue in public health. The reduced effectiveness of existing antimicrobial drugs has prompted efforts to seek alternative treatments for microbial pathogens or develop new drug candidates. Interestingly, nanomaterials are currently gaining global attention as a possible next-generation antibiotics.

Vaccine development for bacterial pathogens: Advances, challenges and prospects.

The advent and use of antimicrobials have played a key role in treating potentially life-threatening infectious diseases, improving health, and saving the lives of millions of people worldwide. However, the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens has been a significant health challenge that has compromised the ability to prevent and treat a wide range of infectious diseases that were once treatable. Vaccines offer potential as a promising alternative to fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) infectious diseases.

The resurgence of phage-based therapy in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance: From research progress to challenges and prospects.

Phage therapy was implemented almost a century ago but was subsequently abandoned when antibiotics emerged. However, the rapid emergence of drug-resistant, which has brought to the limelight situation reminiscent of the pre-antibiotic era, coupled with the unavailability of new drugs, has triggered the quest for an alternative therapeutic approach, and this has led to the rebirth of phage-derived therapy. Phages are viruses that infect and replicate in bacterial cells.

Genome plasticity in Candida albicans: A cutting-edge strategy for evolution, adaptation, and survival.

Candida albicans is the most implicated fungal species that grows as a commensal or opportunistic pathogen in the human host. It is associated with many life-threatening infections, especially in immunocompromised persons. The genome of Candida albicans is very flexible and can withstand a wide assortment of variations in a continuously changing environment.