Association of serum uric acid to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Serum uric acid (SUA) has been linked to mortality in heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. However, data are lacking on how it affects the mortality risk of patients with cardiovascluar disease (CVD). This study evaluated the data of 4 308 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008 using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, trend, restricted cubic splines (RCS), subgroup and inflection point analyses.

The effects of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) on pro-atherosclerosis mechanisms.

Brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) are environmental endocrine disruptors, comprising several pollutants, which potentially affect the endocrine system and cause dysfunction and disease. Widespread BFR exposure may cause multisystem toxicity, including cardiovascular toxicity in some individuals. Studies have shown that BFRs not only increase heart rate, induce arrhythmia and cardiac hypertrophy, but also cause glycolipid metabolism disorders, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory responses, all of which potentially induce pre-pathological changes in atherosclerosis.

Effect of Acute Cold Exposure on Energy Metabolism and Activity of Brown Adipose Tissue in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The benefit of cold exposure for humans against obesity has brought the energy metabolism and activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) induced by cold into focus. But the results are inconsistent. This review is aimed to systematically explore the effect of cold exposure on the activity of BAT and energy metabolism in humans.

Apolipoprotein A1-Related Proteins and Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Antiatherosclerosis Therapy: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives.

Hyperlipidemia characterized by abnormal deposition of cholesterol in arteries can cause atherosclerosis and coronary artery occlusion, leading to atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. The body prevents atherosclerosis by reverse cholesterol transport to mobilize and excrete cholesterol and other lipids. Apolipoprotein A1, the major component of high-density lipoprotein, plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport.

PM promoted lipid accumulation in macrophage via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways and aggravating the inflammatory reaction.

Background: Abnormal lipid accumulation in macrophages may lead to macrophages foaming, which is the most important pathological process of atherosclerosis. Atmospheric PM could enter the blood circulation and further affect the lipid metabolism of macrophages. But the underlying mechanism is not unclear.

Syncope as the initial presentation of pulmonary embolism in two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Two case reports and literature review.

Rationale: Pulmonary embolism (PE) has diverse clinical manifestations and syncope might be the first or only symptom of PE. Tumor disease usually presents with symptoms associated with the primary site, however, PE may be the first manifestation of occult tumors.

Patient Concerns: Here, we report 2 patients admitted to our hospital because of syncope.

Higher than recommend dosage of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate for treating angina pectoris: a case report and review of the literature.

Nitrates primarily cause arterial and venous vasodilation effects, which increases coronary artery blood supply, and decreases cardiac preload and afterload by enhancing nitric oxide (NO) levels. The dosage of nitrates used for angina pectoris widely differs among individuals, and therapeutic resistance and tolerance gradually occur. Increasing doses of nitrates are needed to abolish ischemia chest pain onset in patients with angina pectoris, and to obtain satisfactory therapeutic effects.

Association Between D-Dimer Level and In-Hospital Death of Pulmonary Embolism Patients.

To investigate whether D-dimer level could predict pulmonary embolism (PE) severity and in-hospital death, a total of 272 patients with PE were divided into a survival group (n = 249) and a death group (n = 23). Comparisons of patient characteristics between the 2 groups were performed using Mann-Whitney U test. Significant variables in univariate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Combination of D-dimer and simplified pulmonary embolism severity index to improve prediction of hospital death in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.

Objective: To investigate whether the combination of D-dimer and simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) could improve prediction of in-hospital death from pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: Patients with PE (n = 272) were divided into a surviving group (n = 249) and an in-hospital death group (n = 23).

Results: Compared with surviving patients, patients who died in hospital had significantly higher rates of hypotension and tachycardia, reduced SaO levels, elevated D-dimer and troponin T levels, higher sPESI scores, and were more likely to be classified as high risk.

Rivaroxaban treatment for young patients with pulmonary embolism (Review).

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious, life-threatening condition that affects young populations (>18 and <50 years old, according to most literature reviews) with improved recognition of its clinical manifestations and the widespread use of sensitive imaging techniques, PE is increasingly diagnosed in younger patients. At present, there is limited understanding of the clinical features and adequate anticoagulant treatment options for this population. Most studies to date have yet to demonstrate significant differences in PE pathophysiology or symptoms between young and elderly patients.

Identification of foam cell biomarkers by microarray analysis.

Background: Lipid infiltration and inflammatory response run through the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Differentiation into macrophages and foam cell formation are the key steps of AS. Aim of this study was that the differential gene expression between foam cells and macrophages was analyzed to search the key links of foam cell generation, so as to explore the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and provide targets for the early screening and prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Congenital unilateral proximal radioulnar synostosis: A surgical case report.

Rationale: Congenital proximal radioulnar synostosis is a rare genetic malformation of the upper limb. This deformity, which is found mainly in preschool-aged children, has no recognized diagnosis and treatment. Current diagnostic methods cannot effectively assess both bone structure and soft tissue abnormalities, and most surgical treatments introduce complications and do not prevent recurrence.

Current status of rivaroxaban in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism (Review).

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs with a high incidence rate in elderly patients, demonstrating complex clinical manifestations, as well as a difficult anticoagulant treatment strategy. Currently, there is limited understanding of the selection criteria for anticoagulant treatment in elderly patients with PE. In fact, the vitamin K antagonist warfarin, a commonly prescribed anticoagulant, has multiple disadvantages, including a narrow therapeutic range, unpredictable pharmacokinetics, multiple food and drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms resulting in poor response to this therapy; therefore, routine laboratory monitoring is required.

Successful treatment of amniotic fluid embolism complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation with rivaroxaban: A case report.

Rationale: An amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare, lethal syndrome that is commonly associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Anticoagulation therapy is the most important strategy to inhibit excessive activation of the coagulation cascade in patients with AFE and DIC. At present, treatment of AFE with rivaroxaban has not been reported.

Considerations for routine coagulation monitoring with rivaroxaban: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Rivaroxaban is a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant that does not require coagulation monitoring based on current recommendations. Our goal is to explore whether routine coagulation monitoring should not be required for all patients receiving oral rivaroxaban, what relationship between routine coagulation abnormalities and bleeding, and how to deal with the above clinical situations through our case and review of the literature.

Case Summary: We report a 67-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation who presented to the hospital with worsening dyspnea and cough.

Syncope as the initial presentation of pulmonary embolism in a young adult with testicular tumor: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Venous thrombus embolism (VTE) includes deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) which may be an initial symptom for patients with cancer. PE has diverse clinical manifestations and is a rare complication of testicular tumor (TT).

Patient Concerns: Here, we report a 21-year-old man admitted to our hospital due to syncope.

Routine coagulation test abnormalities caused by rivaroxaban: A case report.

Rationale: Rivaroxaban is a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant. Current recommendations state that coagulation monitoring is not required, and neither the dose nor dosing interval requires adjustment in response to changes in coagulation parameters when rivaroxaban is used for approved indications. Guidelines mainly discuss the indications for rivaroxaban and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in general; they offer less guidance regarding how to use these medications in specific clinical situations to bridge the gulf between guidelines and clinical practice.

Nephrotic syndrome with acute pulmonary embolism in young adults: Two case reports.

Introduction: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is often misdiagnosed, or the diagnosis is delayed because of its diverse clinical manifestations, it may even remain asymptomatic until sudden death. Most risk factors are not associated with young people, and there is a paucity of literature regarding PE in children and young adults.

Case Presentation: Patient 1 who died was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome more than 10 years before.

A Case-Control Study of the Relationship Between SLC22A3-LPAL2-LPA Gene Cluster Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease in the Han Chinese Population.

Background: Mutations in the solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3), lipoprotein (a)-like 2 (LPAL2), and the lipoprotein (a) (LPA) gene cluster, which encodes apolipoprotein (a) [apo (a)] of the lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] lipoprotein particle, have been suggested to contribute to the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the precise variants of this gene cluster have not yet been identified in Chinese populations.

Objectives: We sought to investigate the association between SLC22A3-LPAL2-LPA gene cluster polymorphisms and the risk of CAD in the Han Chinese population.

Patients And Methods: We recruited 551 CAD patients and 544 healthy controls for this case-control study.

The association between the LPA gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population.

Lp(a) has been well known as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The LPA gene, as it encodes apo(a) of the Lp(a) lipoprotein particle, was associated with increased risk of CAD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the polymorphisms of LPA gene and CAD in Chinese Han population.

A case-control study between gene polymorphisms of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolic rate-limiting enzymes and acute coronary syndrome in Chinese Han population.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the polymorphisms of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), and elongation of very long-chain fatty acids-like 2 (ELOVL2) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Chinese Han population. Therefore, we selected three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from these candidate genes and genotyped them using PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 249 ACS patients and 240 non-ACS subjects, as were Han Chinese ancestry. The results showed that rs174556 in the FADS1 gene is found to be in allelic association (P = 0.