Tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer known for its high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Conventional treatment of TNBC is challenging due to its heterogeneity and lack of clear targets. Recent advancements in immunotherapy have shown promise in treating TNBC, with immune checkpoint therapy playing a significant role in comprehensive treatment plans.

ADP-based fault-tolerant consensus control for multiagent systems with irregular state constraints.

This paper investigates the consensus control issue for nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) subject to irregular state constraints and actuator faults using an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm. Unlike the regular state constraints considered in previous studies, this paper addresses irregular state constraints that may exhibit asymmetry, time variation, and can emerge or disappear during operation. By developing a system transformation method based on one-to-one state mapping, equivalent unconstrained MASs can be obtained.

DDP-FedFV: A Dual-Decoupling Personalized Federated Learning Framework for Finger Vein Recognition.

Finger vein recognition methods, as emerging biometric technologies, have attracted increasing attention in identity verification due to their high accuracy and live detection capabilities. However, as privacy protection awareness increases, traditional centralized finger vein recognition algorithms face privacy and security issues. Federated learning, a distributed training method that protects data privacy without sharing data across endpoints, is gradually being promoted and applied.

Innovative solvent-free compound-direct synthesis of defect-rich ultra-thin NiS nanosheets for high-performance supercapacitors.

Defect engineering in NiS nanosheets is an effective method to improve their surface properties and electronic structure for promoting electrochemical properties. However, a tunable, simple, and safe strategy for the introduction of abundant defect sites with a high activity into NiS with a special microstructure is worth developing. Herein, a novel hierarchical micro-flower-like NiS using graphene-like ultra-thin nanosheets with abundant defects as the building blocks was facilely synthesized by an innovative solvent-free compound-direct reaction strategy, which employed cost-efficient NaCl as the friction agent and dispersant to ensure adequate contact between sulfur ions and nickel ions and regulate the growth direction of NiS.

NiS nanoparticles by the NaCl-assisted less-liquid reaction system for the magnesium-ion battery cathode.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries are expected to be the next generation of energy storage devices. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop low-cost and long-life magnesium (Mg) electrode materials. However, the traditional method of synthesizing electrode materials is complicated, and it is difficult to remove potentially dangerous impurities.

Evaluation of dendritic cell-targeting T7 phages as a vehicle to deliver avian influenza virus H5 DNA vaccine in SPF chickens.

Introduction: There is a growing demand for effective technologies for the delivery of antigen to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and their immune-activation for the success of DNA vaccines. Therefore, dendritic cell (DC)-targeting T7 phages were used as a vehicle to deliver DNA vaccine.

Methods: In this study, a eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-C1-HA2-AS containing the HA2 gene derived from the avian H5N1 virus and an anchor sequence (AS) gene required for the T7 phage packaging process was developed.

Distributed Optimal Attitude Synchronization Control of Multiple QUAVs via Adaptive Dynamic Programming.

This article proposes a distributed optimal attitude synchronization control strategy for multiple quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (QUAVs) through the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm. The attitude systems of QUAVs are modeled as affine nominal systems subject to parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Considering attitude constraints in complex flying environments, a one-to-one mapping technique is utilized to transform the constrained systems into equivalent unconstrained systems.

Construction of a T7 phage display nanobody library for bio-panning and identification of chicken dendritic cell-specific binding nanobodies.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the antigen-presenting cells that initiate and direct adaptive immune responses, and thus are critically important in vaccine design. Although DC-targeting vaccines have attracted attention, relevant studies on chicken are rare. A high diversity T7 phage display nanobody library was constructed for bio-panning of intact chicken bone marrow DCs to find DC-specific binding nanobodies.

[Genetic analysis of HAV strains isolated from patients with acute hepatitis in Hebei Shijiazhuang of China].

Objective: To characterize the hepatitis A virus (HAV) wild type strains circulating in Hebei Shijiazhuang of China during 2005-2007, to provide the bases for further investigation of the sources of HAV infection.

Methods: The VP1/P2A junction regions were detected by RT-PCR from HAV IgM positives serum samples during 2005 and 2007, the 34 RT-PCR positive samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis by Neighbor Joining (NJ) method.

Results: All the detected HAV strains were identified as sub-genotype I A, the homology of nucleotide sequence in the VP1-2A imation region ranged from 95%-100%, the amino acid sequences of HAV strains almost had no difference.

[Development of an extraction and concentration method for the detection of hepatitis A virus in different samples].

Objective: To develop an extraction and concentration method for the detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in shellfish, water, serum and saliva samples by nested RT-PCR.

Methods: HAV were artificially inoculated into the above samples, calm sample was extracted using glycine buffer pH9.5, PEG precipitation; water sample was PEG precipitated directly; then all the samples including serum and saliva samples were extracted using Trizol regent, followed by nested RT-PCR detection using primers from HAV VP1-2A region.

[In vitro study of oral Candida albicans in virulence from HIV-positive individuals].

Objective: To study the influence of Candida albicans on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals susceptible to oral candidiasis.

Methods: In vitro secreted aspartyl proteinase activities, adhesion to healthy buccal epithelial cells of Candida albicans isolates from oral cavities of subjects with and without HIV infection were measured.

Results: The pathogenetic isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive patients were significantly lower than that from HIV-negative subjects (P < 0.