Pollution characteristics and microbial community succession of a rural informal landfill in an arid climate.

Informal landfills pose potential threats to the environment and human health due to the lack of anti-seepage measures. However, little research has been conducted on the distribution of pollutants in informal landfill sites situated in arid climates, as well as the underlying interaction mechanisms between environmental factors and microbial structure. In this study, we sought to investigate the pollution characteristics and microbial community succession of the landfill in northern China.

Incorporation of Ce ions into dodecatungstophosphoric acid for the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil.

A series of cerium-exchanged dodecatungstophosphates CeHPWO (CeHPW, x = 0.4, 0.6, 0.

Ultra-deep desulfurization via reactive adsorption on peroxophosphomolybdate/agarose hybrids.

A catalyst system composed of peroxophosphomolybdates as catalytic center and agarose as matrix material had been designed. The [C16H33N(CH3)3]3[PO4{MoO(O2)2}4]/agarose (C16PMo(O2)2/agarose) hybrid was found to be active for oxidation desulfurization (ODS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) or real fuel into corresponding sulfone by H2O2 as an oxidant, while the sulfur content could be reduced to 5ppm. The higher activity comes from its components including [PO4{MoO(O2)2}4] catalytic sites, the hydrophobic quaternary ammonium cation affinity to low polarity substrates, and agarose matrix affinity to H2O2 and sulfone.

Investigations on ferroelectric liquid crystal by high resolution TEM and solid state 13C NMR.

In order to investigate the structural and dynamical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) in different phases a model compound [4-(3)-(S)-methyl-2-(S)-chloropentanoyloxy)]-4'-nonyloxy-biphenyl (3M2CPNOB) is synthesized. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) is applied to observe the morphology of 3M2CPNOB and temperature-dependent solid state (13)C NMR to record (13)C chemical shifts at different phases. A liquid nitrogen quenching method is used to maintain the conformation of the mesophases for HR-TEM experiments.

Ag nanoparticles/PPV composite nanofibers with high and sensitive opto-electronic response.

The novel Ag nanoparticles/poly(p-phenylene vinylene) [PPV] composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The transmission electron microscope image shows that the average diameter of composite fibers is about 500 nm and Ag nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the PPV matrix with an average diameter of about 25 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectra suggest that there could be a coordination effect to a certain extent between the Ag atom and the π system of PPV, which is significantly favorable for the dissociation of photoexcitons and the charge transfer at the interface between the Ag nanoparticle and the PPV.

Photoresponse of a single poly(p-phenylene vinylene)-CdSe bulk-heterojunction submicron fiber.

Bulk-heterojunction PPV (poly(p-phenylene vinylene))-CdSe submicron fibers have been prepared by introducing electrostatic interaction between thioglycolic acid capped CdSe nanocrystals and PPV precursor, subsequently with electrospinning and thermal conversion. The photoconductive device on a single PPV-CdSe fiber showed notable photoresponse, good response speed, wavelength-sensitivity, and reproducibility.

Vilsmeier reaction of enaminones: efficient synthesis of halogenated pyridin-2(1H)-ones.

A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of halogenated pyridin-2(1H)-ones from a series of readily available enaminones under Vilsmeier conditions is described, and a mechanism involving sequential halogenation, formylation, and intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization is proposed.