Rare Earth Nanoprobes for Targeted Delineation of Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Enhancement of Radioimmunotherapy.

Radiotherapy demonstrates a synergistic effect with immunotherapy by inducing a transformation of "immune cold" tumors into "immune hot" tumors in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, the effectiveness of immunotherapy is constrained by low expression of tumor-exposed antigens, inadequate inflammation, and insufficient tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs). To address this predicament, novel lutecium-based rare earth nanoparticles (RENPs) are synthesized with the aim of amplifying radiation effect and tumor immune response.

Characterizing and forecasting neoantigens-resulting from MUC mutations in COAD.

Background: The treatment for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) faces challenges in terms of immunotherapy effectiveness due to multiple factors. Because of the high tumor specificity and immunogenicity, neoantigen has been considered a pivotal target for cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, this study aims to identify and predict the potential tumor antigens of MUC somatic mutations (MUCmut) in COAD.

Novel Dual-Mode NIR-II/MRI Nanoprobe Targeting PD-L1 Accurately Evaluates the Efficacy of Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: Durable responses to immune-checkpoint blocking therapy (ICT) targeting programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have improved outcomes for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Unfortunately, only 19-23% of patients benefit from ICT. Hence, non-invasive strategies evaluating responses to therapy and selecting patients who will benefit from ICT are critical issues for TNBC immunotherapy.

Development of a Rare Earth Nanoprobe Enables In Vivo Real-Time Detection of Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer Using NIR-IIb Imaging.

Unlabelled: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy plays a critical role in axillary staging of breast cancer. However, traditional SLN mapping does not accurately discern the presence or absence of metastatic disease. Detection of SLN metastasis largely hinges on examination of frozen sections or paraffin-embedded tissues post-SLN biopsy.

Novel Self-Assembled Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Second-Near-Infrared-Fluorescence-Image-Guided Breast Cancer Surgery and Enhanced Radiotherapy Efficacy.

Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the predominant treatment approach for initial breast cancer. However, due to a lack of effective methods evaluating BCS margins, local recurrence caused by positive margins remains an issue. Accordingly, radiation therapy (RT) is a common modality in patients with advanced breast cancer.

Application of molecular imaging in immune checkpoints therapy: From response assessment to prognosis prediction.

Recently, immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) represented by programmed cell death1 (PD-1) and its major ligands, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), has achieved significant success. Detection of PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a classic method to guide the treatment of ICT patients. However, PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment is highly complex.