An iteratively optimized downscaling method for city-scale air quality forecast emission inventory establishment.

Air quality models (AQMs) are pivotal in forecasting air quality and shaping pollution control strategies. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of AQMs is often compromised in many cities due to the absence of accurate local emission inventories. To address this gap, this study presents a novel AQM-ready emission inventory generation technique with iterative optimization ability for city-scale applications in China.

A novel fluorescent probe based on coumarin derivatives-grafted cellulose for specific detection of Fe and its application.

Fe is one of the most important ions for maintaining the normal growth of plants and animals. However, imbalance and accumulation of Fe can lead to serious damage to the environmental system. Hence, it is considerably crucial to monitor the concentration of Fe.

Assessing traffic emissions during the summer world university games 2023: Insights for multisectoral synergetic decontamination.

Implementing temporary traffic control measures is a common strategy to prevent air pollution and alleviate traffic congestion during mega-events. Accurate assessment of event-time vehicular emissions is useful for local authorities to develop effective policies. However, many previous assessments were based on policy-based scenarios, which often failed to capture the synergistic impact from other sectors (e.

Prevalence and associated factors of school bullying among adolescents in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Although studies in China have found that school bullying is prevalent among adolescents, most relevant research has focused on southern China, while research in northern China is limited. This study aimed to explore ethnic disparities in the socio-demographic determinants of school bullying in Inner Mongolia, a northern region of China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2891 adolescents in Inner Mongolia, China, from September to December 2022.

Music training is associated with better audio-visual integration in Chinese language.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether long-term music training could improve audio-visual speech integration in Chinese, using event-related brain potential (ERP) measurements. Specifically, we recruited musicians and non-musicians to participate in our experiment where visual Chinese characters were presented simultaneously with congruent or incongruent speech sounds. In order to maintain participants' focus on both auditory and visual modalities, they were instructed to perform a probe detection task.

Impacts of the Chengdu 2021 world university games on NO pollution: Implications for urban vehicle electrification promotion.

Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) are a dominant contributor to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO) concentrations, but the quantitative relationship between them at an intracity scale remains elusive. The Chengdu 2021 FISU World University Games (July 22 to August 10, 2023) was the first world-class multisport event in China after the COVID-19 pandemic which led to a substantial decline in NOx emissions in Chengdu. This study evaluated the impact of variations in NOx emissions on NO concentrations at a fine spatiotemporal scale by leveraging this event-driven experiment.

Digital technology-assisted extraction of impacted maxillary third molar located between the furcation of maxillary second molar by root dislocation: a case report.

Most of the maxillary impacted third molars are located in the maxillary tuberosity, where the vision and operation space are limited. This paper reports a case of surgical extraction of the left maxillary horizontal superhigh impacted third molar, which is located between the roots of the adjacent teeth and is closely related to the maxillary sinus. The digital simulation technology was used to reconstruct a three-dimensional visual image of the patient's maxilla, related teeth, and other adjacent anatomical structures to assist in finding the optimal surgical method accurately.

Music training influences online temporal order processing during reading comprehension.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the influence of musical expertise on spoken language processing; however, its effects on reading comprehension remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the role of musical expertise in sentence comprehension, particularly concerning the processing of temporal order. Using two self-paced reading experiments, we examined individuals' responses to two-clause sentences connected by the temporal connectives "before" or "after".

A novel colormetric and light-up fluorescent sensor from flavonol derivative grafted cellulose for rapid and sensitive detection of Hg and its applications in biological and environmental system.

Mercury ion (Hg) is one of harmful heavy metal ions that can accumulate inside the human organism and cause some health problems. In the article, a highly effective fluorescent probe named EC-T-PCBM was prepared by grafting flavonol derivatives onto ethyl cellulose for the specific recognition of Hg. EC-T-PCBM exhibited a remarkable fluorescence light-up response toward Hg with excellent sensitivity.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent sensor from modified coumarin-grafted cellulose for precise pH detection in strongly alkaline conditions.

Accurate and convenient monitoring of pH under extreme alkaline conditions is still a challenge. In this work, 4-(3-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)benzamide (HCB), a coumarin derivative, was grafted onto dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) to obtain a sensor DAC-HCB, which exhibited a ratiometric fluorescent response to the pH of alkaline solutions, resulting in a significant fluorescent color change from yellow to blue (FI/FI) at pH 7.5-14.

Dopamine in the prefrontal cortex plays multiple roles in the executive function of patients with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities, leading to cognitive impairment. One common issue in Parkinson's disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive functioning. Executive functions help us plan, organize, and control our actions based on our goals.

Xl019, a novel JAK inhibitor, suppressed osteoclasts differentiation induced by RANKL through MAPK signaling pathway.

Inbonemetabolism,osteoclastsare the only cellscapableofresorbingbone. Hyperactivity of osteoclasts may lead to osteolytic disease like osteoporosis and arthritis. Although there are several drugs for the treatment of osteolytic diseases, they have limitations and a variety of side effects.

HCEs-Net: Hepatic cystic echinococcosis classification ensemble model based on tree-structured Parzen estimator and snap-shot approach.

Background: Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) still has a high misdiagnosis rate, and misdiagnosis may lead to wrong treatments seriously harmful for the patients. Precise diagnosis of HCE relies heavily on the experience of clinical experts with auxiliary diagnostic tools using medical images.

Purpose: This paper intends to improve the diagnostic accuracy for HCE by employing a method which combines deep learning with ensemble method.

Treadmill Exercise Alleviates Cognition Disorder by Activating the FNDC5: Dual Role of Integrin αV/β5 in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment (PD-CI) results in several clinical outcomes for which specific treatment is lacking. Although the pathogenesis of PD-CI has not yet been fully elucidated, it is related to neuronal plasticity decline in the hippocampus region. The dopaminergic projections from the substantia nigra to the hippocampus are critical in regulating hippocampal plasticity.

Evaluation of NOx emissions before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdowns in China: A comparison of meteorological normalization methods.

Meteorological normalization refers to the removal of meteorological effects on air pollutant concentrations for evaluating emission changes. There currently exist various meteorological normalization methods, yielding inconsistent results. This study aims to identify the state-of-the-art method of meteorological normalization for characterizing the spatiotemporal variation of NOx emissions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Modulation of broiler plasma metabolic spectrum by the addition of lysine residue to the diet.

Flavour is an important factor in evaluating meat quality, and amino acids and fats are important components affecting meat flavour. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the variation of lysine residue addition and the slaughter performance and meat quality of broilers, which decreased with the addition of lysine residues but improved the meat quality of the broilers. 10% lysine residue addition was the most beneficial for reducing feed cost and improving meat quality.

Source profiles and reactivity of volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources of a megacity in southwest China.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from anthropogenic sources are deleterious to air quality, climate, human health and vegetation. However, research on VOCs source profiles of the non-solvent use in some industries and the emission characteristics of motor vehicles under actual road conditions is limited in China. In this research, VOCs source profiles of industries (wood-based panel manufacturing and pharmacy) based on all product processes were constructed, and those of light and medium duty vehicles exhaust based on actual road conditions at different speeds were acquired in Chengdu, a megacity in southwest China.

[Source Profiles of Industrial Emission-Based VOCs in Chengdu].

The volatile organic compound (VOC) emission characteristics of various production procedures were analyzed through GC-MS after the emissions of typical enterprises such as automobile manufacturing, petrochemical, and other industries had been sampled with SUMMA canisters. Each production procedure in the automobile manufacturing and petrochemical industries was considered. The results showed that each automobile manufacturing procedure had its own dominant species, and alkanes (32%) and aromatics (35%) were the main emission species of coating spraying.

Correlation Analysis between AK1 mRNA Expression and Inosine Monophosphate Deposition in Jingyuan Chickens.

In this study, we examined correlations between the deposition of inosine monophosphate (IMP) and mRNA expression of the adenylate kinase 1 () gene in Jingyuan chicken. The IMP content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Transcriptome sequencing was used to screen the differentially expressed gene and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the expression level of mRNA associated with IMP synthesis.

[Source Profiles of VOCs Associated with Typical Industrial Processes in Chengdu].

The characteristics of volatile organic compound (VOCs) species from various production procedures of wood-based panel production and other industrial processes in Chengdu were analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and other methods specified in national standards after the emissions of typical enterprises of wood-based panel production, pharmaceutical manufacturing, chemical production and other industrial processes in Chengdu had been sampled using sampling bottles and SUMMA canisters. Generally, the process of wood-based panel production includes glue making, glue mixing, sorting, and hot pressing, whereas the process of pharmaceutical manufacturing includes workshop production and wastewater treatment. The results showed that the main contribution species of VOCs in wood-based panel production and pharmaceutical manufacturing is oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs), accounting for more than 50% of the total VOCs emitted.

[Speciated VOCs Emission Inventory and Ozone Formation Potential in Sichuan Province].

Based on the measured data in the literature, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) source profiles were revised and reconstructed without OVOCs (oxygenated volatile organic compounds) species to obtain the normalized VOCs source profiles. Using the 2015 Sichuan emission inventory, source profiles based on the 1 km×1 km gridded speciated VOCs emission inventory were developed, and the ozone formation potentials of the species were estimated to assess the environmental impact on ozone formation. The established VOCs source profile database consists of 45 source profiles and 519 species.

[Emission Inventory and Characteristics of Anthropogenic Air Pollutant Sources in the Sichuan Province].

Based on anthropogenic source activity data and emission factors for the Sichuan Province, the 1 km×1 km-gridded atmospheric air pollutant emission inventory of 2015 was developed in combination with GIS technology and the combined "bottom-up" and "top-down" construction method. The results show that the total emission of SO, NO, CO, PM, PM, BC, OC, VOCs, and NH in Chengdu is 444.9×10, 820.

Characterizing the composition and evolution of firework-related components in air aerosols during the Spring Festival.

To examine the impacts of fireworks, size-resolved PM samples were collected using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer before, during and after the Spring Festival in a megacity in Chengdu, China. Chemical composition and atmospheric behavior of urban particles were studied. Ten major single particle types were resolved with ART-2a algorithm including elemental and organic carbon (ECOC), EC, OC, levoglucosan (LEV), high molecular weight organic molecules (HOM), hard metal (HM), K rich, Na rich and SiO.

[X-Ray Fluorescence Intensity Calculation for Micro-Particles via MCNPX and WDXRF Experiment].

In order to research the effect of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis on the results in the sample’s micro particles, MCNPX models had been established for an X-ray fluorescence analyzer in this paper. It had studied the characteristics of the samples with different particle sizes, the fluorescence peak counts, the peak to total ratios and the peak to source ratios. A micro particle analysis experiment had been designed for its verification.