Joint and interactive associations of body mass index and genetic factors with cardiovascular disease: a prospective study in UK Biobank.

Background: Both body mass index (BMI) and genetic factors independently contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear whether genetic risk modifies the association between BMI and the risk of incident CVD. This study aimed to investigate whether BMI categories and genetic risk jointly and interactively contribute to incident CVD events, including hypertension (HTN), atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and heart failure (HF).

Associations of ambient air pollution and lifestyle with the risk of NAFLD: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Both ambient air pollution and lifestyle factors contribute to the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but previous studies usually focused on single-factor associations. We aimed to assess the joint associations of ambient air pollution and lifestyle with the NAFLD risk and investigate whether lifestyle modifies the association of air pollution with NAFLD risk.

Methods: A total of 417,025 participants from the UK Biobank were included in this study.

Associations of dietary magnesium intake with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in the UK Biobank.

Background: The association between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the associations of dietary Mg intake with the risk of ASCVD events and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 149,929 participants (4603 with type 2 diabetes) from the UK Biobank were included in the analyses.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Criteria for Differentiated-type Early Gastric Cancer Are Applicable to Mixed-type Differentiated Predominant.

Background: There is a lack of sufficient evidence on whether mixed-type differentiated predominant early gastric cancer (MD-EGC) can be treated endoscopically by referring to the criteria for differentiated-type early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in MD-EGC.

Methods: Patients with differentiated-type EGC treated with ESD first from January 2015 to June 2021 were reviewed, including MD-EGC and pure differentiated-type EGC (PD-EGC).

Beta spending function based on conditional power in group sequential design.

Conditional power (CP) serves as a widely utilized approach for futility monitoring in group sequential designs. However, adopting the CP methods may lead to inadequate control of the type II error rate at the desired level. In this study, we introduce a flexible beta spending function tailored to regulate the type II error rate while employing CP based on a predetermined standardized effect size for futility monitoring (a so-called CP-beta spending function).

Sample size estimation for stratified cluster randomization trial with survival endpoint.

Cluster randomization trials with survival endpoint are predominantly used in drug development and clinical care research when drug treatments or interventions are delivered at a group level. Unlike conventional cluster randomization design, stratified cluster randomization design is generally considered more effective in reducing the impacts of imbalanced baseline prognostic factors and varying cluster sizes between groups when these stratification factors are adopted in the design. Failure to account for stratification and cluster size variability may lead to underpowered analysis and inaccurate sample size estimation.

Differential Diagnosis of Post Pancreatitis Diabetes Mellitus Based on Pancreatic and Gut Hormone Characteristics.

Context: Distinguishing different types of diabetes is important in directing optimized treatment strategies and correlated epidemiological studies.

Objective: Through detailed analysis of hormone responses to mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT), we aimed to find representing characteristics of post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) and post-chronic pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-C).

Methods: Participants with PPDM-A, PPDM-C, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and normal controls (NCs) underwent MMTT.

Efficacy and safety of a bolus of half-dose r-SAK prior to primary PCI in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Rationale and design of the OPTIMA-6 trial.

Background: Time to reperfusion is the key to the treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It is uncertain whether adjunctive thrombolytic therapy combined with contemporary antiplatelet agent ticagrelor improves outcomes as administered prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) expected to be performed within 120 minutes.

Methods: OPTIMA-6 is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and superiority trial to evaluate the efficacy of a bolus of half-dose recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) vs placebo prior to timely primary PCI in patients with STEMI.

Necroptosis-Related Modification Patterns Depict the Tumor Microenvironment, Redox Stress Landscape, and Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer.

Necroptosis is one of programmed cell death discovered recently, which involves in tumorigenesis, cancer metastasis, and immune reaction. We studied the necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in ovarian cancer (OV) tissues using data from public databases, which separated into two NRGclusters. Patients in cluster A would have severe clinical characteristics, poor prognosis, and worse tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics.

A Hypoxia Molecular Signature-Based Prognostic Model for Endometrial Cancer Patients.

Endometrial cancer has the highest incidence of uterine corpus cancer, the sixth most typical cancer in women until 2020. High recurrence rate and frequent adverse events were reported in either standard chemotherapy or combined therapy. Hence, developing precise diagnostic and prognostic approaches for endometrial cancer was on demand.

The heterogeneity effect of surveillance intervals on progression free survival.

Progression-free survival (PFS) is an increasingly important surrogate endpoint in cancer clinical trials. However, the true time of progression is typically unknown if the evaluation of progression status is only scheduled at given surveillance intervals. In addition, comparison between treatment arms under different surveillance schema is not uncommon.

Regional efficacy evaluation in multi-regional clinical trials using a discounting factor weighted Z test.

Multi-regional clinical trial (MRCT) is an efficient design to accelerate drug approval globally. Once the global efficacy of test drug is demonstrated, each local regulatory agency is required to prove effectiveness of test drug in their own population. Meanwhile, the ICH E5/E17 guideline recommends using data from other regions to help evaluate regional drug efficacy.

Identification of Specific Cervical Cancer Subtypes and Prognostic Gene Sets in Tumor and Nontumor Tissues Based on GSVA Analysis.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer among women. Its prognosis needs our more attention. Our purpose was to identity new prognostic gene sets to help other researchers develop more effective treatment for cervical cancer patients and improve the prognosis of patients.

Pyroptosis-related gene expression patterns and corresponding tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in ovarian cancer.

Pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory programmed cell death, is accompanied by inflammation and participate in the body's immune response. The expression of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) is associated with tumor prognosis in ovarian cancer (OC), but it is still unknown whether pyroptosis can affect tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of OC. Based on 30 PRGs, we comprehensively assessed the pyroptosis patterns by using PRGscore and correlated them with TME features in 474 OC patients.

The m6A-Related Long Noncoding RNA Signature Predicts Prognosis and Indicates Tumor Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer.

OV is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. M6A and lncRNAs have a great impact on OV development and patient immunotherapy response. In this paper, we decided to establish a reliable signature of mRLs.

N1-Methyladenosine-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Biomarkers for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Response in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma.

Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is a malignant disease that, at present, has no well-characterised prognostic biomarker. In this study, two clusters were identified based on 28 N1-methyladenosine- (m1A-) related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), of which cluster 1 was related to immune pathways according to the results of an enrichment analysis. We further observed better prognosis in patients with higher levels of immune cell infiltration, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and immune checkpoint gene expression.

Crosstalk of Redox-Related Subtypes, Establishment of a Prognostic Model and Immune Responses in Endometrial Carcinoma.

Redox plays a central part in the pathogeneses and development of tumors. We comprehensively determined the expression patterns of redox-related genes (RRGs) in endometrial carcinoma (EC) cohorts from public databases and identified four different RRG-related clusters. The prognosis and the characteristics of TME cell infiltration of RRGcluster C patients were worse than those of other RRG clusters.

A comprehensive prognostic and immune analysis of enhancer RNA identifies IGFBP7-AS1 as a novel prognostic biomarker in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been implicated in a hand of studies that supported an involvement and co-operation in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC). Enhancer RNAs (eRNA), a functional subtype of lncRNA, have a key role throughout the genome to guide protein production, thus potentially associated with diseases.

Methods: In this study, we mainly applied the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to systematically discover crucial eRNAs involving UCEC.

Risk difference, relative risk, and odds ratio for non-inferiority clinical trials with risk rate endpoint.

Non-inferiority (NI) clinical trials are widely used to evaluate whether the new experimental treatment is not unacceptably worse than the current active-control treatment by more than a pre-specified non-inferiority margin (NI margin). However, choosing either an absolute difference [risk difference (RD)] or a relative difference [relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR)] to evaluate efficacy in NI clinical trials is still controversial. In this study, we aim to evaluate the performance of abovementioned three metrics for testing NI clinical trials with risk rate endpoint.

Association between groups of immunoglobulin G antibodies against periodontal microorganisms and diabetes-related mortality.

Background: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against periodontal microorganisms can be markers of periodontal infection because their levels rise following infection and remain elevated several years later.

Methods: We evaluated the relationship between groups of IgG antibodies against 19 periodontal microorganisms and diabetes-related mortality over 27 years among participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988 to 1992) aged ≥40 years at the time of examination (N = 8,153).

Results: Individuals in the highest versus lowest antibody tertiles were at 86% higher risk of dying due to diabetes-related causes in the Red-Green antibody cluster (T.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Revealed as a New Biomarker for Prognosis and Immunotherapy.

Background: Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 () is one of the members of gene family and related to the tumorigenesis and the progression of tumor. However, whether has a crucial role across pan-cancer is still unknown.

Methods: In this study, we used public databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), to analyze expression level among tumor and normal cells.

Association between dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid and prevalence of hypertension in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study using data from NHANES 2009-2016.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and the prevalence of hypertension in U.S. adults.

Development and Clinical Validation of Novel 8-Gene Prognostic Signature Associated With the Proportion of Regulatory T Cells by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is a gynecological malignant tumor with low survival rate and poor prognosis. The traditional clinicopathological staging is insufficient to estimate the prognosis of UCEC. It is necessary to select a more effective prognostic signature of UCEC to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy effect of UCEC.

Development of an Oxidative Phosphorylation-Related and Immune Microenvironment Prognostic Signature in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma.

As the fourth most common malignant tumors in women, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) requires novel and reliable biomarkers for prognosis prediction to improve the overall survival. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is found to be strongly correlated with the progression of tumor. Here, we aimed to construct an OXPHOS-related and immune microenvironment prognostic signature to stratify UCEC patients for optimization of treatment strategies.

Associations of dietary PUFA with dyslipidaemia among the US adults: the findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2016.

Dyslipidaemia, a significant risk factor of CVD, is threatening human health worldwide. PUFA are crucial long-chain fatty acids for TAG synthesis and removal, potentially decreasing dyslipidaemia risk. We examined dyslipidaemia prevalence among 15 244 adults aged ≥ 20 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2016.