Development and Applications in Intelligent Sports of Hydrogel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

As an emerging self-powered technology, triboelectric nanogenerators have the characteristics of a simple structure, high conversion efficiency, diverse material selection, and stable output. Hydrogels have the advantages of flexibility, extensibility, and shape adaptability, which means that hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerators (H-TENGs) have high flexibility, self-healing abilities, conductivity, and fatigue resistance. They can still operate normally in scenarios involving bending, pressing, stretching, and folding.

Resolving differences in digestion features of cooked rice and wheat noodles: A view from starch multiscale structure.

The staple foods play an important role in providing energy in the human daily diet. Wheat is the main staple food in northern China, rice in southern China, and the different staple food patterns between the north and south result in health disparities. Therefore, analyzing the differences in the digestion of staple foods are particularly important for understanding the digestive energy supply of staple foods.

Endosomal catabolism of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate is fundamental in building resilience against pathogens.

Endosomes are characterized by the presence of various phosphoinositides that are essential for defining the membrane properties. However, the interplay between endosomal phosphoinositides metabolism and innate immunity is yet to be fully understood. Here, our findings highlight the evolutionary continuity of RAB-10/Rab10's involvement in regulating innate immunity.

Polysaccharide-dextrin thickened fluids for individuals with dysphagia: recent advances in flow behaviors and swallowing assessment methods.

The global aging population has brought about a pressing health concern: dysphagia. To effectively address this issue, we must develop specialized diets, such as thickened fluids made with polysaccharide-dextrin (e.g.

Including protein hydrolysates during thermal processing mitigates the starch digestion of resulted starch-based binary matrix.

Staple foods with starch and protein components are usually consumed after thermal processing. To date, how including protein hydrolysates (with varied hydrolysis degrees) tailors the structure and digestion features of starch-based matrix with thermal processing has not yet been sufficiently understood. Here, corn starch (CS), soy protein isolate (SPI), and soy protein isolate hydrolysates (SPIH) with different hydrolysis time (5-60 min) were used to prepare starch-based binary matrices.

A review of the phosphorus removal of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms in natural and engineered systems.

Increasing eutrophication has led to a continuous deterioration of many aquatic ecosystems. Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) can provide insight into the human response to this challenge, as they initiate enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) through cyclical anaerobic phosphorus release and aerobic phosphorus uptake. Although the limiting environmental factors for PAO growth and phosphorus removal have been widely discussed, there remains a gap in the knowledge surrounding the differences in the type and phosphorus removal efficiencies of natural and engineered PAO systems.

Enrichment of resistant starch in starch-protein hydrolysate binary matrix by modulating pH during thermal processing.

Controlling the digestion features of starch-based food matrices following thermal processing plays vital roles in reducing risks of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type II diabetes. To date, it remains largely unclear how regulating the pH during thermal processing alters the microstructure and digestion features of starch-based matrix including protein hydrolysates. Considering this, corn starch (CS) and soybean protein isolate (SPI) (or its hydrolysates (SPIH)) were used to prepare thermally-processed CS-SPI and CS-SPIH binary matrices under different pH values (3 to 9), followed by inspection of changes in the structures and digestibility using combined methods.

Age-associated decline in RAB-10 efficacy impairs intestinal barrier integrity.

The age-related decline in the ability of the intestinal barrier to maintain selective permeability can lead to various physiological disturbances. Adherens junctions play a vital role in regulating intestinal permeability, and their proper assembly is contingent upon endocytic recycling. However, how aging affects the recycling efficiency and, consequently, the integrity of adherens junctions remains unclear.

Shortening growth year improves functional features of kudzu starch by tailoring its multi-scale structure.

Kudzu is usually consumed at different growth years, yet the influences of growth years on its multi-scale structures and physicochemical features have not been fully disclosed. In this study, those influences occurred on kudzu starches (KS2, KS10, KS30 and KS50, isolated using precipitation method) were investigated. The granules size, crystallinity, short-range ordered structure, amylose content, intermediate and longer amylose chains reduced but the average thickness of crystalline lamella increased as the rise of growth years.

Novel polymer optical fibers with high mass-loading g-CN embedded metamaterial porous structures achieve rapid micropollutant degradation in water.

The performance of conventional photocatalytic reactors suffers from low photocatalyst mass-loading densities affixed to surfaces and light scattering losses or light attenuation in slurry reactors. These limitations are overcome by fabrication of high mass-loading g-CN embedded metamaterial porous structures on flexible polymeric optical fibers (g-CN-POFs). In this study, the fabricated g-CN-POFs contain g-CN with mass-loading 100-1000x higher than previouly reported, enabling efficient light delivery to g-CN and improved pollutant mass transport within metamaterial porous structures.

Ingesting retrograded rice (Oryza sativa) starch relieves high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia in mice by altering intestinal bacteria.

High-fat diet is a risk factor for many chronic diseases, whose symptoms are probably regulated by ingesting food ingredients such as resistant starch. For cooked rice stored in cold-chain, the starch component can retrograde to generate ordered structures (helices and crystallites) and become resistant. However, the role of retrograded starch in managing hyperlipidemia symptoms is insufficiently understood.

Visible light-driven NHCl activation by g-CN photocatalysis producing reactive nitrogen species to degrade bisphenol A.

The photolysis of monochloramine (NHCl), a widely used disinfectant, under UVC irradiation produces different radicals for the micropollutant degradation. For the first time, this study demonstrates the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) via the NHCl activation by graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) photocatalysis using visible light-LEDs at 420 nm, termed as the Vis/g-CN/NHCl process. The process produces •NH, •NHOO, •NO and •NO via the e- and O-induced activation pathways and •NHCl and NHClOO• via the h-induced activation pathway.

Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of acetate-bridged lanthanide complexes based on a tripodal oxygen ligand.

Four homodinuclear lanthanide complexes, Dy (L)(OAc) (), Tb (L)(OAc) (), Ho(L)(OAc) (), and Gd (L)(OAc) (), have been synthesized and characterized based on a tripodal oxygen ligand Na [(η-CH)Co(P(O)(OCH))] (NaL). Structural analyses show that the acetate anions bridge two symmetry-related Ln ions in the μ:η:η and μ:η:η coordination patterns, and each lanthanide (III) ion owns a twisted square antiprism (SAPR) conformation. Static magnetic measurements reveal the weak intramolecular ferromagnetic interaction between dysprosium (III) ions in and antiferromagnetic Ln···Ln couplings in the other three complexes.

Whole grain rice: Updated understanding of starch digestibility and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism.

Nowadays, resulting from disordered glucose and lipid metabolism, metabolic diseases (e.g., hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes, and obesity) are among the most serious health issues facing humans worldwide.

Microwave reheating enriches resistant starch in cold-chain cooked rice: A view of structural alterations during digestion.

Cold-chain cooked rice is an instant food consumed worldwide. Through inspecting rice structural alterations during digestion, this work discloses how microwave reheating tailors the starch digestibility of cooked rice following cold storage. The cold storage allowed approximately 2% of B-type (not V-type) starch crystallites, more nanoscale and short-range orders, and smaller pores in the rice matrix.

AP-1 Recruits SMAP-1/SMAPs to the trans-Golgi Network to Promote Sorting in Polarized Epithelia.

Coordinated AP-1 and clathrin coat assembly mediate secretory sorting on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) during conventional secretion. Here we found that SMAP-1/SMAPs deficiency caused the apical protein ERM-1 to accumulate on the basolateral side of the TGN. In contrast, the basolateral protein SLCF-1 appeared abnormally on the apical membrane.

WTS-1/LATS regulates endocytic recycling by restraining F-actin assembly in a synergistic manner.

The disruption of endosomal actin architecture negatively affects endocytic recycling. However, the underlying homeostatic mechanisms that regulate actin organization during recycling remain unclear. In this study, we identified a synergistic endosomal actin assembly restricting mechanism in C.

Visible light-driven g-CN peroxymonosulfate activation process for carbamazepine degradation: Activation mechanism and matrix effects.

In this study, g-CN with a high portion of tri-s-triazine groups was synthesized to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under visible light irradiation, termed as Vis/g-CN/PMS process, to degrade one frequently detected recalcitrant micropollutant carbamazepine (CBZ). The Vis/g-CN/PMS process increased pseudo first-order degradation rate constant of CBZ by 2 times compared with that in the absence of PMS. The enhanced CBZ degradation was because of the production of HO and SO from the PMS activation, but not the enhanced charge separation of g-CN due to the presence of PMS.

RTKN-1/Rhotekin shields endosome-associated F-actin from disassembly to ensure endocytic recycling.

Cargo sorting and the subsequent membrane carrier formation require a properly organized endosomal actin network. To better understand the actin dynamics during endocytic recycling, we performed a genetic screen in C. elegans and identified RTKN-1/Rhotekin as a requisite to sustain endosome-associated actin integrity.

Novel Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Chlorine Activation Process for Carbamazepine Degradation in Drinking Water.

Photolysis of free chlorine (HOCl/ClO) is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) to produce hydroxyl (HO) and other radicals for refractory micropollutant degradation. However, HOCl/ClO is only conducive to activation and production of radicals by ultraviolet (UV) light. For the first time, we show the use of visible light (>400 nm) to produce HO and ClO, through use of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) and photogenerated h, e, and O in the presence of HOCl/ClO, which was termed visible light g-CN-enabled chlorine AOP (VgC-AOP).

LET-413/Erbin acts as a RAB-5 effector to promote RAB-10 activation during endocytic recycling.

RAB-10/Rab10 is a master regulator of endocytic recycling in epithelial cells. To better understand the regulation of RAB-10 activity, we sought to identify RAB-10(GDP)-interacting proteins. One novel RAB-10(GDP)-binding partner that we identified, LET-413, is the homologue of Scrib/Erbin.

Novel mesoporous FeAl bimetal oxides for As(III) removal: Performance and mechanism.

In this study, novel mesoporous FeAl bimetal oxides were successfully synthesized, characterized, and employed for As(III) removal. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Fe/Al molar ratio, dosage, and initial solution pH values on As(III) removal. The results showed that the FeAl bimetal oxide with Fe/Al molar ratio 4:1 (shorten as FeAl-4) can quickly remove As(III) from aqueous solution in a wide pH range.

Adsorption, oxidation, and reduction behavior of arsenic in the removal of aqueous As(III) by mesoporous Fe/Al bimetallic particles.

In this study, mesoporous iron/aluminum (Fe/Al) bimetallic particles were synthesized and employed for the removal of aqueous As(III). Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis method, Vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize the Fe/Al bimetals before and after reaction with As(III). The physical properties, compositions, and structures of Fe/Al bimetallic particles as well as the As(III) removal mechanism were investigated.

Removal of selenite by zero-valent iron combined with ultrasound: Se(IV) concentration changes, Se(VI) generation, and reaction mechanism.

In this paper, the performance and application of zero-valent iron (ZVI) assisted by ultrasonic irradiation for the removal of selenite (Se(IV)) in wastewater was evaluated and reaction mechanism of Se(IV) with ZVI in such systems was investigated. A series of batch experiments were conducted to determine the effects of ultrasound power, pH, ZVI concentration, N2 and air on Se(IV) removal. ZVI before and after reaction with Se(IV) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).