4D label-free proteomic analysis reveals key potential pathways of Toxoplasma invasion into the central nervous system.

Toxoplasma gondii is a successful parasite capable of infecting a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including people, livestock, and wildlife. In individuals with intact immune function, T. gondii can invade the host brain tissue by altering the blood-brain barrier permeability, leading to chronic infection.

Differential transcriptome study on the damage of testicular tissues caused by chronic infection of T. gondii in mice.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that is widely distributed in humans and warm-blooded animals. T. gondii chronic infections can cause toxoplasmic encephalopathy, adverse pregnancy, and male reproductive disorders.

The opposing effect of acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection on tumor development.

Background: The interplay between Toxoplasma gondii infection and tumor development is intriguing and not yet fully understood. Some studies showed that T. gondii reversed tumor immune suppression, while some reported the opposite, stating that T.

Deciphering the epidemiological dynamics: seroprevalence in mainland China's food animals, 2010-2023.

Background: () is a significant protozoan pathogen among food animals. Despite the threat to public health by infections, there's limited understanding of its seroprevalence and trends in food animals across mainland China. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of infections among swine, sheep, goats, chickens, and cattle in mainland China from 2010 to 2023.

Atg5 deficiency in macrophages protects against kidney fibrosis via the CCR6-CCL20 axis.

Background: Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway that regulates macrophage activation, differentiation, and polarization. Autophagy related 5 (Atg5) is a key protein involved in phagocytic membrane elongation in autophagic vesicles that forms a complex with Atg12 and Atg16L1. Alterations in Atg5 are related to both acute and chronic kidney diseases in experimental models.

Pseudorabies gD protein protects mice and piglets against lethal doses of pseudorabies virus.

Introduction: Pseudorabies (PR) is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV), which can cause disease in a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Studies have shown that new mutant strains have emerged in pig farms in many regions and that commercial inactivated and live attenuated vaccines are becoming less effective at protecting pigs.

Methods: Porcine pseudorabies glycoprotein D (gD) gene (GenBank: QEY95774.

SARS-CoV-2: An Updated Review Highlighting Its Evolution and Treatments.

Since the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, pharmaceutical companies and researchers worldwide have worked hard to develop vaccines and drugs to end the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The potential pathogen responsible for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, belongs to a novel lineage of beta coronaviruses in the subgenus arbovirus. Antiviral drugs, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines are effective treatments for SARS-CoV-2 and are beneficial in preventing infection.

Insight into the current DNA vaccine: a review article.

Introduction: is a widespread protozoan with significant economic losses and public health importance. But so far, the protective effect of reported DNA-based vaccines fluctuates widely, and no study has demonstrated complete protection.

Areas Covered: This review provides an inclusive summary of DNA vaccine antigens, adjuvants, and some other parameters.

Detection of a novel strain in Java ticks () and the hosts Malayan pangolin () and Chinese pangolin ().

Pangolins are endangered animals and are listed in the CITES Appendix I of the Convention International Trade Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora as well as being the national first-level protected wild animal in China. Based on a few reports on pangolins infected with pestiviruses of the Flaviviridae family, infections in pangolins have attracted increasing attention. Pangolin pestivirus is a pathogen that may cause diseases such as acute diarrhea and acute hemorrhagic syndrome.

Four Chemotherapeutic Compounds That Limit Blood-Brain-Barrier Invasion by .

Background: , an intracellular protozoan parasite, exists in the host brain as cysts, which can result in Toxoplasmic Encephalitis (TE) and neurological diseases. However, few studies have been conducted on TE, particularly on how to prevent it. Previous proteomics studies have showed that the expression of C3 in rat brains was up-regulated after infection.

Identification of coronaviruses in farmed wild animals reveals their evolutionary origins in Guangdong, southern China.

Coronavirus infections cause diseases that range from mild to severe in mammals and birds. In this study, we detected coronavirus infections in 748 farmed wild animals of 23 species in Guangdong, southern China, by RT-PCR and metagenomic analysis. We identified four coronaviruses in these wild animals and analysed their evolutionary origins.

Chromosome-Scale Genome of Masked Palm Civet () Shows Genomic Signatures of Its Biological Characteristics and Evolution.

The masked palm civet () is a small carnivore with distinct biological characteristics, that likes an omnivorous diet and also serves as a vector of pathogens. Although this species is not an endangered animal, its population is reportedly declining. Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003, the public has been particularly concerned about this species.

A Novel Mechanical-Based Injective Hydrogel for Treatment with Aromatase Inhibitors Caused Joint Inflammation via the NF-κB Pathway.

Synovium has widely participated in induced inflammation, suggesting that it is a potential target to reduce aromatase inhibitors (AIs) causing joint inflammation or pain. Exercise and mechanical stimulation are important strategies for precaution and treatment of bone inflammation. In this work, we developed a novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel, which could be injected intra-articularly.

Transcriptome Analysis of Testes and Uterus: Reproductive Dysfunction Induced by in Mice.

() infection in female mammals during pregnancy can result in poor pregnancy. Similarly, it can result in male reproductive disorders in male mammals. Although the testes and uterus have very different biological makeup, they are still both attacked by resulting in reproductive dysfunctions.

A Transcriptome Analysis: Various Reasons of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Caused by Acute Infection.

Background: () is an obligate intracellular parasite, which can affect the pregnancy outcomes in infected females by damaging the uterus, and the intrauterine environment as well as and the hypothalamus resulting in hormonal imbalance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the parasite-induced poor pregnancy outcomes and the key genes regulating these mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the gene expression in the mouse's uterus following experimentally-induced acute infection with RH strain.

Transcriptomic analysis of reproductive damage in the epididymis of male Kunming mice induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii PRU strain.

Background: Some researchers have reported that Toxoplasma gondii can cause serious reproductive impairment in male animals. Specifically, T. gondii destroy the quality of sperm in the epididymis, which affects their sexual ability.

Direct evidence of an extra-intestinal cycle of in tigers () by isolation of viable strains.

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the world. Felines excrete environmentally resistant oocysts. However, there is no direct evidence to prove tigers are the intermediate host of .