COVID-19 patient serum-derived extracellular vesicles deliver miR-20b-5p induces neutrophil extracellular traps.

Background: Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by an excessive presence of neutrophils. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), released by activated neutrophils due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, contribute to lung epithelial cell death and are key drivers in COVID-19-associated immunothrombosis. However, the mechanism underlying NET formation in COVID-19 remain unclear.

Evaluation of Enrichment Approaches for the Study of the Viromes in Mollusk Species.

Invasive alien species such as freshwater snails have significantly affected the food, environment, and the health of humans and animals, which have unfortunately received insufficient attention. To facilitate the study of viromes in snail species, we compared the enrichment effect of cesium chloride (CsCl) and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugations in the recovery of diverse viruses in Pomacea canaliculata and Achatina fulica. First, we showed that CsCl-based ultracentrifugation enriched more virus contigs and reduced the nucleic acid background of the Pomacea canaliculata and was thus beneficial for virus recovery.

Schistosome egg-derived extracellular vesicles deliver Sja-miR-71a inhibits host macrophage and neutrophil extracellular traps via targeting Sema4D.

Background: Macrophages and neutrophils are rapidly recruited around Schistosome eggs to form granulomas. Extracellular traps (ETs) of macrophages and neutrophils are part of the pathogen clearance armamentarium of leukocytes. Schistosome eggs possess the ability to resist attack by the host's immune cells and survive by employing various immune evasion mechanisms, including the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Role of CELF2 in ferroptosis: Potential targets for cancer therapy (Review).

Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cellular necrosis that plays a critical role in promoting cancer progression and developing drug resistance. The main characteristic of ferroptosis is iron‑dependent lipid peroxidation caused by excess intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. CUGBP ELAV‑like family number 2 (CELF2) is an RNA‑binding protein that is downregulated in various types of cancer and is associated with poor patient prognoses.

Knockout of Sema4D alleviates liver fibrosis by suppressing AOX1 expression.

Liver fibrosis can occur in many chronic liver diseases, and no effective treatments are available due to the poorly characterized molecular pathogenesis. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) has immune functions and serves important roles in T cell priming. Here, we found that Sema4D was highly expressed in fibrotic liver, and the expression of Sema4D increased with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout of Sj16 in Schistosoma japonicum eggs upregulates the host-to-egg immune response.

Schistosomiasis is an important, neglected tropical disease. Schistosoma japonicum can evade host attacks by regulating the host's immunity, causing continuous infection. However, interactions between the host's immune system and S.

Host liver-derived extracellular vesicles deliver miR-142a-3p induces neutrophil extracellular traps via targeting WASL to block the development of Schistosoma japonicum.

Schistosomiasis is an important neglected tropical disease. Interactions between the host immune system and schistosomes are complex. Neutrophils contribute to clearance of large pathogens primarily by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).

Identification of a novel circular RNA circZNF652/miR-486-5p/SERPINE1 signaling cascade that regulates cancer aggressiveness in glioblastoma (GBM).

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with cancer development in glioblastoma (GBM), and this study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of a novel circular RNA circZNF652 in regulating GBM aggressiveness. The present study found that CircZNF652 and SERPINE1 were upregulated, while miR-486-5p was downregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines, and GBM patients with high expression of CircZNF652 and SERPINE1, and patients with low expression of miR-486-5p tended to have a worse prognosis. Further results validated that both silencing of circZNF652 and miR-486-5p overexpression suppressed cell growth, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumorigenesis in GBM cells and .

An engineered probiotic secreting Sj16 ameliorates colitis via Ruminococcaceae/butyrate/retinoic acid axis.

Most inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are unable to maintain a lifelong remission. Developing a novel therapeutic strategy is urgently needed. In this study, we adopt a new strategy to attenuate colitis using the Nissle 1917 probiotic strain to express a immunoregulatory protein (Sj16) in the gastrointestinal tract.

Circ_0007534 Silencing Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion and Induces the Apoptosis of Glioma Cells Partly Through Down-Regulating PROX1 Via Elevating miR-22-3p Level.

Glioma is a common malignant brain neoplasm. The role and mechanism of circular RNA 0,007,534 (circ_0007534) in glioma progression were investigated in this study. The expression of circ_0007534, microRNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p) and prospero homeobox protein 1 (PROX1) messenger RNA (mRNA) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Glioblastoma stem cell (GSC)-derived PD-L1-containing exosomes activates AMPK/ULK1 pathway mediated autophagy to increase temozolomide-resistance in glioblastoma.

Temozolomide (TMZ)-resistance hampers the therapeutic efficacy of this drug for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment in clinic, and emerging evidences suggested that exosomes from GBM-derived stem cells (GSCs) contributed to this process, but the detailed mechanisms are still largely unknown. In the present study, we reported that GSCs derived programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) containing exosomes activated AMPK/ULK1 pathway mediated protective autophagy enhanced TMZ-resistance in GBM in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, we noticed that continuous low-dose TMZ stimulation promoted GSCs generation and PD-L1 containing exosomes (PD-L1-ex) secretion in GBM cells, and that PD-L1-ex inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted cell autophagy to increased TMZ-resistance in GBM cells, which were reversed by co-treating cells with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA).

Effects of Berberine on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota.

The gastrointestinal microbiota is a multi-faceted system that is unraveling novel contributors to the development and progression of several diseases. Berberine has been used to treat obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and metabolic diseases in China. There are also clinical trials regarding berberine use in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine diseases.

Sja-miR-71a in egg-derived extracellular vesicles suppresses liver fibrosis caused by schistosomiasis via targeting semaphorin 4D.

Schistosomiasis is characterized by liver fibrosis, and studies have indicated that () eggs can limit the progression of liver fibrosis. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms are yet unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain a selection of miRNAs for long-distance exchange of information and act as an important pathway for host-parasite communication.

Aldehyde oxidase 1 promoted the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer by up-regulation of expression of CD133.

Aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1) is involved in the detoxification of a variety of aldehydes and nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds. Some reports showed that downregulation of AOX1 was associated with cancers. To probe the mechanism of AOX1 in the development of colorectal cancer, AOX1 expression in clinic specimens and various colorectal cell lines were determined.

Surgical management of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas: A retrospective analysis of 33 patients.

The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) is the primary treatment for growth hormone (GH) adenoma. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of EETA in 33 patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma (PA).Thirty-three patients who underwent EETA in Eighth People's Hospital of Shenzhen between January 2013 and December 2017 were included in the comprehensive analysis.

Multiple brain abscesses caused by infection with : A case report.

The present case report described the initial diagnosis of a 25-year old female with a brain abscess consisting of two lesions 0.2 and 2.9 cm in volume.

Tyrphostin AG 1296 induces glioblastoma cell apoptosis and .

Glioblastoma is the most common type of malignant human brain tumor. Currently available chemotherapies for glioblastoma focus on targeting tyrosine kinases. However, the existing inhibitors of tyrosine kinases have not produced the therapeutic outcomes that were anticipated.

HOXB1 Is a Tumor Suppressor Gene Regulated by miR-3175 in Glioma.

The HOXB1 gene plays a critical role as an oncogene in diverse tumors. However, the functional role of HOXB1 and the mechanism regulating HOXB1 expression in glioma are not fully understood. A preliminary bioinformatics analysis showed that HOXB1 is ectopically expressed in glioma, and that HOXB1 is a possible target of miR-3175.