Unveiling microRNA-like small RNAs implicated in the initial infection of f. sp. through small RNA sequencing.

Banana Fusarium wilt (BFW), caused by f. sp. (), poses a major challenge to the worldwide banana industry.

A virulent milRNA of f. sp. impairs plant resistance by targeting banana AP2 transcription factor coding gene .

Fungi produce microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) with functional importance in various biological processes. Our previous research identified a new milRNA -milR87 from f. sp.

Identification and Characterization of Endophytic Fungus DJE2023 Isolated from Banana ( sp. cv. Dajiao) with Potential for Biocontrol of Banana Fusarium Wilt.

This study characterized an endophytic fungus, DJE2023, isolated from healthy banana sucker of the cultivar (cv.) Dajiao. Its potential as a biocontrol agent against banana Fusarium wilt was assessed, aiming to provide a novel candidate strain for the biological control of the devastating disease.

A virulent milRNA inhibits host immunity by silencing a host receptor-like kinase MaLYK3 and facilitates infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense.

MicroRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) play a significant role in the infection process by plant-pathogenic fungi. However, the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of fungal milRNAs remain insufficiently elucidated. This study investigated the function of Foc-milR138, an infection-induced milRNA secreted by Fusarium oxysporum f.

Litchi aspartic protease LcAP1 enhances plant resistance via suppressing cell death triggered by the pectate lyase PlPeL8 from Peronophythora litchii.

Plant cell death is regulated in plant-pathogen interactions. While some aspartic proteases (APs) participate in regulating programmed cell death or defense responses, the defense functions of most APs remain largely unknown. Here, we report on a virulence factor, PlPeL8, which is a pectate lyase found in the hemibiotrophic pathogen Peronophythora litchii.

Effectiveness of Volatiles Emitted by TJGA-19 for Managing Litchi Downy Blight Disease.

Litchi is a fruit of significant commercial value; however, its quality and yield are hindered by downy blight disease caused by . In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from TJGA-19 were investigated for their antifungal effects and studied in vitro and in planta for the suppression of litchi downy blight disease in litchi leaves and fruits. The growth of was inhibited by VOCs produced by TJGA-19 cultivated on autoclaved wheat seeds for durations of 10, 20, or 30 days.

A plant cell death-inducing protein from litchi interacts with Peronophythora litchii pectate lyase and enhances plant resistance.

Cell wall degrading enzymes, including pectate lyases (PeLs), released by plant pathogens, break down protective barriers and/or activate host immunity. The direct interactions between PeLs and plant immune-related proteins remain unclear. We identify two PeLs, PlPeL1 and PlPeL1-like, critical for full virulence of Peronophythora litchii on litchi (Litchi chinensis).

Assessment of Candidate Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies Using RT-qPCR in from Litchi.

Litchi ( Sonn.) is a tropical fruit originating from southern China that is currently cultivated in subtropical and tropical regions worldwide. Litchi anthracnose, caused by , a dominant species of spp.

Cytochrome -peroxidase modulates ROS homeostasis to regulate the sexual mating of .

Reactive oxygen species play an important role in pathogen-plant interactions. In fungi, cytochrome -peroxidase maintains intracellular ROS homeostasis by utilizing HO as an electron acceptor to oxidize ferrocytochrome , thereby contributing to disease pathogenesis. In this study, our investigation reveals that the cytochrome -peroxidase encoding gene, , not only plays a key role in resisting HO toxicity but is also essential for the mating/filamentation and pathogenicity of .

A Genetically Engineered for Potential Utilization in Fungal Smut Disease Control.

, the basidiomycetous fungus that causes sugarcane smut and leads to severe losses in sugarcane quantity and quality, undergoes sexual mating to form dikaryotic hyphae capable of invading the host cane. Therefore, suppressing dikaryotic hyphae formation would potentially be an effective way to prevent host infection by the smut fungus, and the following disease symptom developments. The phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has been shown to induce plant defenses against insects and microbial pathogens.

Peronophythora litchii RXLR effector P. litchii avirulence homolog 202 destabilizes a host ethylene biosynthesis enzyme.

Oomycete pathogens can secrete hundreds of effectors into plant cells to interfere with the plant immune system during infection. Here, we identified a Arg-X-Leu-Arg (RXLR) effector protein from the most destructive pathogen of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), Peronophythora litchii, and named it P.

Biological control agents colonize litchi fruit during storage and stimulate physiological responses to delay pericarp browning.

Introduction: Litchi is an economically important fruit in subtropical countries, but pericarp browning can limit its shelf life outside of controlled storage conditions. Effective and sustainable biological control strategies are needed to protect fruit against postharvest browning.

Results And Discussion: In this study, we show that the four bacterial strains HS10, LI24 and PP19, and SI17 can delay fruit browning in both laboratory trials (LTs) and field plus laboratory trials (FLTs).

Signal and regulatory mechanisms involved in spore development of and .

Oomycetes cause hundreds of destructive plant diseases, threatening agricultural production and food security. These fungus-like eukaryotes show multiple sporulation pattern including the production of sporangium, zoospore, chlamydospore and oospore, which are critical for their survival, dispersal and infection on hosts. Recently, genomic and genetic technologies have greatly promoted the study of molecular mechanism of sporulation in the genus and .

Kinase Hog1 and Adr1 Opposingly Regulate Haploid Cell Morphology by Controlling Vacuole Size in .

Morphogenesis is a strictly regulated efficient system in eukaryotes for adapting to environmental changes. However, the morphogenesis regulatory mechanism in smut fungi is not clear. This study reports a relationship between MAP kinase Hog1 and cAMP-dependent protein kinase A catalytic subunit (Adr1) for the morphological regulation in the sugarcane pathogen .

Aminotransferase SsAro8 Regulates Tryptophan Metabolism Essential for Filamentous Growth of Sugarcane Smut Fungus .

Sugarcane smut caused by the basidiomycetous fungus Sporisorium scitamineum leads to severe economic losses globally. Sexual mating/filamentation of S. scitamineum is critical for its pathogenicity, as only the dikaryotic hyphae formed after sexual mating are capable of invading the host cane.

Organic mulch can suppress litchi downy blight through modification of soil microbial community structure and functional potentials.

Background: Organic mulch is an important management practice in agricultural production to improve soil quality, control crop pests and diseases and increase the biodiversity of soil microecosystem. However, the information about soil microbial diversity and composition in litchi plantation response to organic mulch and its attribution to litchi downy blight severity was limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of organic mulch on litchi downy blight, and evaluate the biodiversity and antimicrobial potential of soil microbial community of litchi plantation soils under organic mulch.

FoQDE2-dependent milRNA promotes Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense virulence by silencing a glycosyl hydrolase coding gene expression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate protein-coding gene expression primarily found in plants and animals. Fungi produce microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) that are structurally similar to miRNAs and functionally important in various biological processes. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.

A CH Zinc Finger Protein PlCZF1 Is Necessary for Oospore Development and Virulence in .

CH zinc finger is one of the most common motifs found in the transcription factors (TFs) in eukaryotes organisms, which have a broad range of functions, such as regulation of growth and development, stress tolerance and pathogenicity. Here, was identified to encode a CH zinc finger in the litchi downy blight pathogen . is conserved in and species.

Two divergent haplotypes from a highly heterozygous lychee genome suggest independent domestication events for early and late-maturing cultivars.

Lychee is an exotic tropical fruit with a distinct flavor. The genome of cultivar 'Feizixiao' was assembled into 15 pseudochromosomes, totaling ~470 Mb. High heterozygosity (2.

Histidine Kinase Sln1 and cAMP/PKA Signaling Pathways Antagonistically Regulate Mating and Virulence via Transcription Factor Prf1.

Many prokaryotes and eukaryotes utilize two-component signaling pathways to counter environmental stress and regulate virulence genes associated with infection. In this study, we identified and characterized a conserved histidine kinase (SsSln1), which is the sensor of the two-component system of Sln1-Ypd1-Ssk1 in . null mutant exhibited enhanced mating and virulence capabilities in , which is opposite to what has been reported in .

Corrigendum to "Comparative analysis of Phytophthora genomes reveals oomycete pathogenesis in crops" [Heliyon 7 (2) (February 2021) e06317].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.