Cation/anion-doping induced electronic structure modulation of CoMoO for enhanced hydrogen evolution.

The design and fabrication of high-performance, inexpensive and durable electrocatalyst toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is supremely significant for alleviating energy crisis and environmental concerns, but still remaining challenging. Herein, we develop an experimental work based on etching and reduction strategy to reveal the remarkable effect of cation/anion co-doping in CoMoO on its intrinsic HER activity. The CoMoO with Fe and B incorporation (Fe/B-CoMoO) exhibits a current density of 10 mA cm with strikingly low potential of 38 mV coupling with Tafel slope of 51 mV dec, and manifesting a robust durability for 100 h with no attenuation, which is comparable to the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Discovering and Validating Cuproptosis-Associated Marker Genes for Accurate Keloid Diagnosis Through Multiple Machine Learning Models.

Background: Keloid is a common condition characterized by abnormal scarring of the skin, affecting a significant number of individuals worldwide.

Objective: The occurrence of keloids may be related to the reduction of cell death. Recently, a new cell death mode that relies on copper ions has been discovered.

Double-layered microneedle patch loaded with bioinspired nano-vaccine for melanoma treatment and wound healing.

Malignant melanoma is a challenging problem worldwide, because the remaining tumor cells and extensive skin defects following surgical resection are difficult to treat. Biomaterial-mediated immunotherapy has emerged as a superior strategy for anti-tumor applications in recent years. Herein, a unique double-layer MNP was developed to address the problem of malignant melanoma.

Immunogenic cell death-related classification reveals prognosis and effectiveness of immunotherapy in breast cancer.

Lack of specific biomarkers and effective drug targets constrains therapeutic research in breast cancer (BC). In this regard, therapeutic modulation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) may help improve the effect of immunotherapy in individuals with BC. The aim of this investigation was to develop biomarkers for ICD and to construct ICD-related risk estimation models to predict prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of BC.

Asymmetrical neural network for real-time and high-quality computer-generated holography.

Computer-generated holography based on neural network holds great promise as a real-time hologram generation method. However, existing neural network-based approaches prioritize lightweight networks to achieve real-time display, which limits their capacity for network fitting. Here, we propose an asymmetrical neural network with a non-end-to-end structure that enhances fitting capacity and delivers superior real-time display quality.

Retrospective analysis of urinary tract stone composition in a Chinese ethnic minority colony based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

To analyze the relationship between the composition of urinary stones and various influencing factors in the Enshi region. We used FT-IR to examine the composition of 1092 stone samples. Combined with the relevant clinical materials, the data were analyzed using both one-dimensional statistical methods and multivariate statistical methods.

Structure and oxygen vacancy engineered CuCo-layered double oxide nanotube arrays as advanced bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.

In recent years, as a green renewable energy production technology, electrochemical water splitting has demonstrated high development potential. Many materials have been reported as successful catalysts in the water-splitting field. However, it is still a huge challenge to produce bifunctional electrocatalysts for the efficient and sustainable generation of hydrogen and oxygen simultaneously.

Blocking the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis enhances the effects of doxorubicin in HCC by remodelling the tumour microenvironment via the NF-κB/IL-1β/CXCL1 signalling pathway.

Inflammation is a core mechanism for oncogenesis. Chemokines act as important mediators of chronic inflammation and the tumour inflammatory response. However, there is limited information on chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a disease for which almost all cases are derived from chronic liver inflammation.

Magnification and quality improvement for an optical cylindrical holographic display.

Cylindrical holograms have been widely studied for their 360° display properties and have remained in the theoretical stage for a long time because of the difficulty to manufacture cylindrical spatial light modulators (SLMs). Recently, an optical realization of cylindrical holography using a planar SLM that converts planar holography into cylindrical holography through a conical mirror has been proposed. However, the magnification and quality improvement of the reconstruction have remained issues from the original method that still must be addressed.

A review of the current state of the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for breast cancer diagnosis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting females worldwide. Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer may aid in timely treatment, reducing the mortality rate to a great extent. To diagnose breast cancer, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems employ a variety of imaging modalities such as mammography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and histological imaging.

Overexpression of PBK/TOPK relates to poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: PDZ-binding kinase/T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-derived protein kinase (PBK/TOPK) is a potential prognostic indicator for patients with breast cancer. The objective of the present study was to explore the relationship between PBK/TOPK expression and clinicopathological indicators as well as the survival of patients with breast cancer.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of PBK/TOPK in 202 cases of breast cancer tissues.

Non-invasive diagnosis and surveillance of bladder cancer with driver and passenger DNA methylation in a prospective cohort study.

Background: State-of-art non-invasive diagnosis processes for bladder cancer (BLCA) harbour shortcomings such as low sensitivity and specificity, unable to distinguish between high- (HG) and low-grade (LG) tumours, as well as inability to differentiate muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). This study investigates a comprehensive characterization of the entire DNA methylation (DNAm) landscape of BLCA to determine the relevant biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of BLCA.

Methods: A total of 304 samples from 224 donors were enrolled in this multi-centre, prospective cohort study.

The external oblique muscle flap technique for the reconstruction of abdominal wall defects.

Purpose: Several modifications to the anterior component separation technique (ACST) have been reported to facilitate the closure of abdominal wall defects. In this study, the external oblique (EO) muscle flap for modified ACST during major abdominal wall defect reconstructions has been described.

Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing modified ACST was conducted.

Continuous response fluorescence sensor for three small molecules based on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots from prunus lannesiana and their logic gate operation.

In this study, an environmentally friendly and water-soluble nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with quantum yield (QY) of 8.59% were prepared by one-step hydrothermal synthesis without any chemical reagent using the leaves of prunus lannesiana as precursors. The properties and quality of N-CQDs were investigated by Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, zeta potential, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Suppressive effects of plumbagin on the growth of human bladder cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways and EMT.

Background: Novel chemotherapeutic drugs with good anti-tumor activity are of pressing need for bladder cancer treatment. In this study, plumbagin (PL), a natural plant-derived drug extracted from Chinese herbals, was identified as a promising candidate for human bladder cancer (BCa) chemotherapy.

Methods: The anti-tumor activity of PL was evaluated using a series of in vitro experiments, such as MTT, transwell assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting.

Inhibition of MELK produces potential anti-tumour effects in bladder cancer by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest via the ATM/CHK2/p53 pathway.

We aimed to investigate the biological function of MELK and the therapeutic potential of OTSSP167 in human bladder cancer (BCa). First, we observed overexpression of MELK in BCa cell lines and tissues and found that it was associated with higher tumour stage and tumour grade, which was consistent with transcriptome analysis. High expression of MELK was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in BCa patients, and MELK was found to have a role in the cell cycle, the G1/S transition in mitosis, and DNA repair and replication.

Stiffness of the locking compression plate as an external fixator for treating distal tibial fractures: a biomechanics study.

Background: Locking compress plate, as external fixator, is an attractive technique for distal tibial fracture treatment. But it still remains unclear whether the external LCP has sufficient stiffness. Thus, the present study aims to make a comprehensive evaluation of the stiffness of external locking compress plate when it is used as an external fixator in distal tibial fractures treatment.

Priming with a DNA vaccine and boosting with an inactivated vaccine enhance the immune response against infectious bronchitis virus.

The methods of repeated immunization with inactivated vaccines have been used widely to increase antibody protection against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). However, compared with DNA vaccines, these methods usually induce poor cellular responses. In the present study, specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were immunized intramuscularly with a DNA vaccine carrying the main IBV structural genes (pVAX1-S1, pVAX1-M, and pVAX1-N, respectively) and boosted with the IBV M41 strain inactivated vaccine to assess whether such a new strategy could enhance the immune responses against IBV.

Multivalent DNA vaccine enhanced protection efficacy against infectious bronchitis virus in chickens.

For efficacious DNA vaccine development against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the immunogenicity of a multivalent DNA vaccine was evaluated. Three expression plasmids each targeting spike protein (S1), nucleocapsid protein (N), and membrane protein (M) of IBV were prepared. Chickens were immunized with either individual plasmids (monovalent) or with a combination of all plasmids (multivalent).

The protective immune response against infectious bronchitis virus induced by multi-epitope based peptide vaccines.

Peptide vaccine was found to be an effective and powerful approach to a variety of pathogens. To explore multi-epitope based peptide vaccines against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the immunogenic peptides were fused to the 3' terminal of glutathione S transferase gene (GST) and expressed in Escherichia coli. ELISA and Western blot analysis showed that the purified fusion proteins had excellent immune activity with chicken anti-IBV serum.