Epstein-Barr Virus and gastric carcinoma pathogenesis with emphasis on underlying epigenetic mechanisms.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the top causes of cancer-related mortality around the world. The pathogenesis of GC is attributed to lifestyle, family history, genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, as well as infectious agents such as Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). EBV, a ubiquitous human gamma herpes virus, with latent asymptomatic infection in more than 95% of the world's population, is able to infect through the oral epithelium.

The role of the major viral pathogens in a respiratory disease outbreak of broiler flocks in Eastern Iran.

Background: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 are major viral pathogens in broiler respiratory disease.

Aims: Following a respiratory disease outbreak and economic losses in eastern Iran 2020-2021, we investigated the role of major viral pathogens and the implemented vaccination programs.

Methods: Thirty-six respiratory disease affected broiler flocks in South Khorasan province were sampled, molecularly tested, and coinfections were investigated.

Rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in human saliva samples using glycan based nanozyme: a clinical study.

A highly sensitive colorimetric method (glycan-based nano(e)zyme) was developed for sensitive and rapid detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on N-acetyl neuraminic acid (sialic acid)-functionalized gold nanoparticles (SA-Au NZs). A number of techniques were used to characterize the prepared nanomaterials including XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, DLS, and TEM. DLS analysis indicates an average hydrodynamic size of 34 nm, whereas TEM analysis indicates an average particle size of 15.

Epstein-barr virus/ coinfection and gastric cancer: the possible role of viral gene expression and shp1 methylation.

Background And Objectives: Among the various factors involved in the development of gastric cancer (GC), infectious agents are one of the most important causative inducers. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of EBV gene expression on SHP1 methylation in co-infection with in patients with GC.

Materials And Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were obtained from 150 patients with gastrointestinal disorders.

Effect of camel milk in asthmatic children: A double-blind randomized pilot study.

Objective: Asthma is one of the prevalent diseases in children. There is some evidence regarding the benefits of camel milk in asthma. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of camel milk on asthmatic children.

Improvement in the Growth and α-toxin Production of Clostridium septicum by Magnesium Sulfate.

Clostridium septicum, the anaerobic toxigenic bacterium is the agent that causes dangerous disease in man and animals. There is a lethal toxin of the bacterium namely alpha toxin. The ɑ-toxin has hemolytic, necrotic and lethal activities.

The efficacy of camel milk and Tarangabin (manna of ( combination therapy on glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of camel milk and Tarangabin (manna of ) combination therapy in addition to conventional treatments in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials And Methods: Forty-four patients of 15 to 70 years old, with CKD due to hypertension or diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15-60 ml/min per 1.73 m, were enrolled in this trial.

Effect of IL-2 co-expressed or co-inoculated with immuno-dominant epitopes from VP1 protein of FMD virus on immune responses in BALB/c mice.

Objectives: The results of studies on vaccine development for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus show that the use of inactivated vaccines for FMD virus is not completely effective. Novel vaccinations based on immuno-dominant epitopes have been shown to induce immune responses. Furthermore, for safety of immunization, access to efficient adjuvants against FMD virus seems to be critical.

Immunogenic evaluation of FMD virus immuno-dominant epitopes coupled with IL-2/FcIgG in BALB/c mice.

Previous studies on vaccine development against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus reported that application of the inactivated vaccines for FMD virus is not completely effective. Novel vaccinations based on immune-dominant epitopes showed they induced immune responses. In addition, for better and safer immunization, access to of efficient adjuvants against FMD virus seems to be critical.

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of contagious ecthyma virus from camels () in Iran.

Contagious ecthyma is a highly contagious disease affecting domestic and wild ruminants such as sheep, goats and camels. The identification and characterisation of a parapoxvirus (PPV) infecting camels is described here. The virus was detected in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Kerman and Shiraz in Iran.

Expression of HA1 antigen of H5N1 influenza virus as a potent candidate for vaccine in bacterial system.

The impending influenza virus pandemic requires global vaccination to prevent large-scale mortality and morbidity, but traditional influenza virus vaccine production is too slow for rapid responses. In this study, bacterial system has been developed for expression and purification of properly folded HA1 antigen as a rapid response to emerging pandemic strains. Here, a recombinant H5N1 (A/Indonesia/05/05) hemagglutinin globular domain, the synthesized HA1 (1-320 amino acids), was amplified and cloned into pET-28a bacterial expression vector.

The involvement of dityrosine crosslinking in α-synuclein assembly and deposition in Lewy Bodies in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by intracellular, insoluble Lewy bodies composed of highly stable α-synuclein (α-syn) amyloid fibrils. α-synuclein is an intrinsically disordered protein that has the capacity to assemble to form β-sheet rich fibrils. Oxidiative stress and metal rich environments have been implicated in triggering assembly.

Production of specific IgY antibody to the recombinant FanC protein produced in .

Objectives: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are one of the primary causes of diarrhea in newborn calves and in humans, pigs, and sheep. IgY technology has been identified as a promising alternative to generating a mass amount of specific antibody for use in immunotherapy and immunodiagnostics. The purpose of this study was to produce specific antibody by egg yolk antibody (IgY) to recombinant FanC protein from ETEC.

Production and characterization of egg yolk antibody (IgY) against recombinant VP8-S2 antigen.

Bovine Rotavirus and Bovine Coronavirus are the most important causes of diarrhea in newborn calves and in some other species such as pigs and sheep. VP8 subunit of rotavirus is the major determinant of the viral infectivity and neutralization. Spike glycoprotein of coronavirus is responsible for induction of neutralizing antibody response.

Design and Construction of Chimeric VP8-S2 Antigen for Bovine Rotavirus and Bovine Coronavirus.

Purpose: Bovine Rotavirus and Bovine Coronavirus are the most important causes of diarrhea in newborn calves and in some other species such as pigs and sheep. Rotavirus VP8 subunit is the major determinant of the viral infectivity and neutralization. Spike glycoprotein of coronavirus is responsible for induction of neutralizing antibody response.

Exploring Hepatitis From the Perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine: Using a Qualitative Approach.

Hepatitis is a global health problem, with significant adverse impacts on patients' quality of life. In this study, we aimed to review major resources of Iranian traditional medicine and determine whether the etiology and semiology of hepatitis, in particular chronic hepatitis, in traditional and conventional medicine might be aligned. Through such studies, we might be able to develop new approaches for clinical research to improve our current knowledge on the etiology and treatment of this condition.

Nutritional and Therapeutic Characteristics of Camel Milk in Children: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Camel milk is the closest to a human mother's milk. Camel milk is different from other milks, however, having low sugar and cholesterol, high minerals (sodium, potassium, iron, copper, zinc and magnesium, and vitamin C). The milk is considered have medicinal characteristics as well.

Study of Lactic Acid Bacteria Community From Raw Milk of Iranian One Humped Camel and Evaluation of Their Probiotic Properties.

Background: Camel milk is amongst valuable food sources in Iran. On the other hand, due to the presence of probiotic bacteria and bacteriocin producers in camel milk, probiotic bacteria can be isolated and identified from this food product.

Objectives: The objectives of the present research were the isolation and molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria from camel milk and evaluation of their probiotic properties.

Molecular investigation and cultivation of camelpox virus in Iran.

Camelpox virus (genus Orthopoxvirus, family Poxviridae) is the etiologic agent of camel pox. The clinical manifestations of this virus range from inapparent infection to mild, moderate and, less commonly, severe systemic infection and death. Following an outbreak of camelpox, samples that were collected from camel flocks suspected to have camelpox in Qom Province in central Iran and Khash city, Sistan and Baluchestan Province and South Khorasan Province in eastern Iran were sent to Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute in Mashhad.

Anti-amyloid compounds inhibit α-synuclein aggregation induced by protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA).

Filaments made of α-synuclein form the characteristic Lewy pathology in Parkinson and other diseases. The formation of α-synuclein filaments can be reproduced in vitro by incubation of recombinant protein, but the filament growth is very slow and highly variable and so unsuitable for fast high throughput anti-aggregation drug screening. To overcome this obstacle we have investigated whether the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) technique, used for fast amplification of prion protein aggregates, could be adapted for growing α-synuclein aggregates and thus suitable for screening of drugs to affect α-synuclein aggregation for the treatment of the yet incurable α-synucleinopathies.

A survey on the frequency of foot-and-mouth disease virus carriers in cattle in north-east of Iran by RT-PCR: implications for revising disease control strategy.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Iran. It is essential to timely evaluate the current disease control programme in Iran. Here, we report the frequency of FMD virus (FMDV) carrier state in cattle slaughtered in Mashhad abattoir, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, north-east of Iran, which contains long common borders with Afghanistan and Turkmenistan.

Human beta-synuclein rendered fibrillogenic by designed mutations.

Filamentous inclusions made of α-synuclein are found in nerve cells and glial cells in a number of human neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. The assembly and spreading of these inclusions are likely to play an important role in the etiology of common dementias and movement disorders. Both α-synuclein and the homologous β-synuclein are abundantly expressed in the central nervous system; however, β-synuclein is not present in the pathological inclusions.

Sequence Determinants for Amyloid Fibrillogenesis of Human alpha-Synuclein.

Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are characterized by the presence of filamentous inclusions in nerve cells. These filaments are amyloid fibrils that are made of the protein alpha-synuclein, which is genetically linked to rare cases of PD and DLB. beta-Synuclein, which shares 60% identity with alpha-synuclein, is not found in the inclusions.