Inflammasome mediated in situ cancer vaccine activated by schottky heterojunction for augmented immunotherapy.

In situ cancer vaccines have emerged as an attractive paradigm for cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, insufficient antigens production, weak antigen presentation and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment impeded the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy. Herein, we constructed the NLRP3 inflammasome mediated in situ cancer vaccine (FPLB), in which rod shaped α-FeO@Pt schottky heterojunction loaded with lactate oxidase (LOx) and surface-modified with bovine serum albumin and folic acid conjugation (FA-BSA).

Natural polymer chitosan-based hydrogels can enhance mechanical properties and produce HS gas by UV-light to treat scalded wound.

The healing of deep second- and third-degree scald wounds is frequently impaired by inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular damage, and neural injury, creating substantial challenges for clinical wound management. To address this, we developed a novel hydrogel dressing strategy utilizing alpha-lipoic acid-modified chitosan (LAMC) combined with a four-armed polyethylene glycol derivative (PEG-NHS). This hydrogel achieves rapid wound coverage through its inherent adhesive properties, followed by ultraviolet (UV)-triggered secondary cross-linking to enhance mechanical stability (average compression strength reaches about 173 KPa).

Electrochemical Removal of Se(IV) from Wastewater Using RuO-Based Catalysts.

The removal of selenite (SeO) from water is challenging due to the risk of secondary pollutants. To address this, we developed RuO-based nanocatalysts on the titanium plate (RuO/TP) for direct electrochemical reduction of Se(IV) to elemental selenium [Se(0)]. Optimizing Sn doping in RuO nanoparticles to induce charge redistribution enabled the RuSnO/TP catalyst to achieve ∼90% Se(IV) removal across concentrations of 0.

Association of calf circumference with osteoporosis and hip fracture in middle-aged and older adults: a secondary analysis.

Background: Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome associated with an increased risk of frailty, falls, fractures, disability, and death. Calf circumference (CC) has been used as a simple and practical skeletal muscle marker to diagnose sarcopenia. This study aimed to explore the relationship of calf circumference and osteoporosis (OP) and hip fractures (HF) in middle-aged and older adults.

6.7-8.1 µm tunable single-frequency difference frequency generation in ZGP for high-resolution spectroscopy.

Difference frequency generation (DFG) based tunable single-frequency mid-infrared (MIR) light sources are desirable for high-resolution spectroscopy, sensing, and imaging. In this work, we demonstrate a continuous-wave (CW) single-frequency DFG in a ZnGeP (ZGP) crystal driven by all-fiber near-infrared (NIR) fiber lasers, for the first time to our knowledge. The all-fiber NIR laser sources consist of a 1.

Framework Nucleic Acid-Based Selective Cell Catcher for Endogenous Stem Cell Recruitment.

Cell-surface engineering holds great promise in boosting endogenous stem cell attraction for tissue regeneration. However, challenges such as cellular internalization of ligand and the dynamic nature of cell membranes often complicate ligand-receptor interactions. The aim of this study is to harness the innovative potential of programmable tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) to enable precise, tunable ligand-receptor interactions, thereby improving stem cell recruitment efficiency.

Electronic band structure modulation for sonodynamic therapy.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a burgeoning and newfangled therapy modality with great application potential. Sonosensitizers are essential factors used to ensure the effectiveness of SDT. For the past few years, a lot of scientists have discovered many valid ways to refine and improve the performance of SDT.

Pain, Function and Quality of Life in Temporomandibular Disorder Patients With Different Disc Positions.

Background: Whether pain, jaw function and quality of life are correlated with disc positions is controversial, and similar studies evaluating disc positions by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are very limited.

Objective: This study evaluated the pain, mandibular function and quality of life of the temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) patients with different disc positions according to MRI, and the relationship among them.

Methods: Three hundred and thirty-five participants were included.

Biomimetic Iron-Based Nanoparticles Remodel Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment for Metabolic Immunotherapy.

Introduction: Immunotherapy has led to a paradigm shift in reinvigorating treatment of cancer. Nevertheless, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) experience functional polarization on account of the generation of suppressive metabolites, contributing to impaired antitumor immune responses.

Methods: Hence, metabolic reprogramming of tumor microenvironment (TME) can synergistically improve the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Self-Standing Covalent Organic Polymer Membrane with High Stability and Enhanced Ion-Sieving Effect for Flow Battery.

Fabrication of ion-conducting membranes with continuous sub-nanometer channels holds fundamental importance for flow batteries in achieving safe integration of renewable energy into grids. Self-standing covalent organic polymer (COP) membranes provide feasibility due to their rapid and selective ion transport. However, the development of a scale-up possible, mechanically robust and chemically stable membranes remains a significant challenge.

ARTEMIS: An independently validated prognostic prediction model of breast cancer incorporating epigenetic biomarkers with main effects and gene-gene interactions.

Introduction: Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, is influenced by multiple genetic and epigenetic factors. The majority of prognostic models for breast cancer focus merely on the main effects of predictors, disregarding the crucial impacts of gene-gene interactions on prognosis.

Objectives: Using DNA methylation data derived from nine independent breast cancer cohorts, we developed an independently validated prognostic prediction model of breast cancer incorporating epigenetic biomarkers with main effects and gene-gene interactions (ARTEMIS) with an innovative 3-D modeling strategy.

Interfacial and Vacancy Engineering on 3D-Interlocked Anode Catalyst Layer for Achieving Ultralow Voltage in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer.

Developing a high-efficiency and stable anode catalyst layer (CL) is crucial for promoting the practical applications of anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers. Herein, a hierarchical nanosheet array composed of oxygen vacancy-enriched CoCrO nanosheets and dispersed FeNi layered double hydroxide (LDH) is proposed to regulate the electronic structure and increase the electrical conductivity for improving the intrinsic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The CoCrO/NiFe LDH electrodes require an overpotential of 205 mV to achieve a current density of 100 mA cm, and they exhibit long-term stability at 1000 mA cm over 7000 h.

SCRN: Single-Cell Gene Regulatory Network Identification in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and it consumes considerable medical resources with increasing number of patients every year. Mounting evidence show that the regulatory disruptions altering the intrinsic activity of genes in brain cells contribute to AD pathogenesis. To gain insights into the underlying gene regulation in AD, we proposed a graph learning method, Single-Cell based Regulatory Network (SCRN), to identify the regulatory mechanisms based on single-cell data.

SSL-CPCD: Self-Supervised Learning With Composite Pretext-Class Discrimination for Improved Generalisability in Endoscopic Image Analysis.

Data-driven methods have shown tremendous progress in medical image analysis. In this context, deep learning-based supervised methods are widely popular. However, they require a large amount of training data and face issues in generalisability to unseen datasets that hinder clinical translation.

Which is the best TACE agent for patients with different NLR hepatocellular carcinomas? A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a common treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the best therapeutic agent for TACE treatment has not been determined. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a systemic immune system marker; however, the ability of the NLR to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC is unknown, and no studies have been conducted to determine the most appropriate TACE regimen for HCC patients with different NLRs.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched through May 28, 2023.

A Novel Set-Based Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for Wastewater Treatment Process Effluent Scheduling.

With the escalating severity of environmental pollution caused by effluent, the wastewater treatment process (WWTP) has gained significant attention. The wastewater treatment efficiency and effluent quality are significantly impacted by effluent scheduling that adjusts the hydraulic retention time. However, the sequential batch and continuous nature of the effluent pose challenges, resulting in complex scheduling models with strong constraints that are difficult to tackle using existing scheduling methods.

Conductive imprinted polymeric interfacially modified electrochemical sensors based on covalently bonded layer-by-layer assembly of Gr/Au with flower-like morphology for sensitive detection of 2,4,6-TCP.

Polymeric membrane sensors based on molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been attractive analytical tools for detecting organic species. However, the MIPs in electrochemical sensors developed so far are usually prepared by polymerization of pre-polymers and non-covalent adsorption on the surface of the working electrode. Meanwhile, the MIPs in the electrochemical sensors developed are typically made of a non-conductive polymer film.

The clinical implication and translational research of OSCC differentiation.

Background: The clinical value and molecular characteristics of tumor differentiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. There is a lack of a related molecular classification prediction system based on pathological images for precision medicine.

Methods: Integration of epidemiology, genomics, experiments, and deep learning to clarify the clinical value and molecular characteristics, and develop a novel OSCC molecular classification prediction system.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced the drinking water treatment residue-based vertical flow constructed wetlands on the purification of arsenic-containing wastewater.

Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that poses a potential risk to the environment and human health. In this study, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) and ceramsite-based vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) were built to purify As-containing wastewater. As a method of bioaugmentation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was inoculated to Pteris vittata roots to enhance the As removal of the VFCWs.

Potential toxic effects of perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride analysis based on multiple-spectroscopy techniques and molecular modelling analysis.

Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride (PBSF) has been used in the manufacture of fluorochemicals. Since PBSF is not biodegradable, the predicted environmental levels of PBSF are also expected to rise over time. In recent years, there has been a rise in the levels of PBSF in humans.

Photoinduced Trifluoromethylselenolation of Aryl Halides with [MeN][SeCF].

A visible-light-induced metal-free trifluoromethylselenolation of aryl iodides and bromides with [MeN][SeCF] is described. The reaction was conducted at ambient temperature by successfully harnessing the light-sensitive SeCF reagent. Mechanistically, the EDA complexes between aryl halide and the SeCF anion or the base might be formed and excited by light, which subsequently undergo intracomplex SET processes to generate aryl and •SeCF radicals as key intermediates, allowing a convenient and green access to various aryl trifluoromethyl selenoethers.

Precursor template-induced egg white-derived peptides self-assembly for the enhancement of curcumin: Structure, environmental stability, and bioavailability.

Natural multicomponent peptides with abundant bioactivity, varied sizes, and tunable interaction potential are available for rational designing novel self-assembled delivery carriers. Herein, we exploited zein-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (Z-HA NPs) with a predetermined ordered structure as precursor templates to induce the self-assembly of egg white-derived peptides (EWDP) to generate stable spherical architectures for the enhancement of curcumin (Cur). The resulting Z-EWDP-HA NPs encapsulated hydrophobic Cur through robust hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with high encapsulation efficiency (97.