Thermodynamic and kinetic insights into azo dyes photocatalytic degradation on biogenically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and their antibacterial potential.

The extensive use of azo dyes in textile and pharmaceutical industries pose significant environmental and health risks. This problem requires to be tackled forthwith through a cheap, environmentally friendly and viable approach to mitigate water pollution. In this context, the green synthesis method was used for synthesis of ZnO NPs.

Predictive value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in assessing the outcomes of diabetic foot ulcer.

Objectives: To assess the correlation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with clinical outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer cases.

Methods: The retrospective, cross-sectional, single-centre study was conducted at Section of Vascular Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi (Pakistan), and comprised data from January 2019 to January 2022 of diabetic foot inpatients of either gender aged at least 18 years. Hospital complications and outcomes were noted along with other data on a self-designed proforma.

Assessing the quality of ChatGPT's responses to questions related to radiofrequency ablation for varicose veins.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of information provided by ChatGPT, in response to frequently asked questions about radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for varicose veins.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. A set of 18 frequently asked questions regarding RFA for varicose veins were compiled from credible online sources and presented to ChatGPT twice, separately, using the new chat option.

Technical survey of end-to-end signal processing in BCIs using invasive MEAs.

Modern brain-computer interfaces and neural implants allow interaction between the tissue, the user and the environment, where people suffer from neurodegenerative diseases or injuries.This interaction can be achieved by using penetrating/invasive microelectrodes for extracellular recordings and stimulation, such as Utah or Michigan arrays. The application-specific signal processing of the extracellular recording enables the detection of interactions and enables user interaction.

Deep learning techniques for Alzheimer's disease detection in 3D imaging: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological condition that worsens over time and leads to deterioration in cognitive abilities, reduced memory, and, eventually, a decrease in overall functioning. Timely and correct identification of Alzheimer's is essential for effective treatment. The systematic study specifically examines the application of deep learning (DL) algorithms in identifying AD using three-dimensional (3D) imaging methods.

Bioassessment of Cd and Pb at Multiple Growth Stages of Wheat Grown in Texturally Different Soils Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films and Traditional Extractants: A Comparative Study.

The bioavailability of heavy metals in soil is a crucial factor in determining their potential uptake by plants and their subsequent entry into the food chain. Various methods, including traditional chemical extractants and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, are employed to assess this bioavailability. The bioavailability of heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), is also influenced by soil texture and their concentrations in the soil solution.

Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair for Treating Juxtarenal Aneurysms: An Update.

Fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (f-EVAR, b-EVAR, respectively) are technically challenging procedures that have evolved over the last decade for complex aortic aneurysms. They are alternatives to surgical repair for suprarenal and juxtarenal aortic aneurysms. A Pubmed database was reviewed by searching keywords related to f-EVAR, b-EVAR, and juxta renal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) from the last five years to see current indications, contemporary techniques, and results of these techniques for juxtarenal aneurysms.

Classification of Alzheimer disease using DenseNet-201 based on deep transfer learning technique.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain illness that causes gradual memory loss. AD has no treatment and cannot be cured, so early detection is critical. Various AD diagnosis approaches are used in this regard, but Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides the most helpful neuroimaging tool for detecting AD.

Investigating metal (M = Mn, Fe, and Ni)-doped Co(OH) nanofibers for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution and electrochemical biosensing performance.

To achieve efficient and cost-effective electrochemical water splitting, highly active and affordable nanostructured catalysts are the key requirement. The current study presents the investigations of the efficacy of metal (Mn, Fe and Ni)-doped Co(OH) nanofibers towards oxygen evolution water splitting. Notably, Ni-doped Co(OH) demonstrates superior OER performance in KOH electrolyte, surpassing standard IrO with a modest potential of 1.

Surgical Interventions for Acute Limb Ischaemia (ALI).

Objective: To evaluate presentations, aetiologies, interventions, and outcomes of patients presenting with acute limb ischaemia (ALI).

Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2000 to December 2020.

Occurrence, spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of Organophosphate Esters in surface water and sediments from the Ravi River and its tributaries.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as substitutes for brominated flame retardants and characterized as emerging contaminants. Due to their toxicity and persistent nature, OPEs are becoming a matter of greater concern worldwide. However, information about the pollution profile of OPEs and associated ecological risks is still scarce in environmental matrices of the South Asian region, particularly Pakistan.

Aetiologies of Leg Pain among Patients Presenting to a Vascular Surgery Clinic.

Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of different aetiologies of leg pain among patients visiting vascular surgery clinics.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Vascular Surgery Clinics of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, between February 2021 and June 2023.

Insights into the Effects of Ligand Binding on Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors for Tuberculosis: In Silico Analysis and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Validation.

Incidences of drug-resistant tuberculosis have become common and are rising at an alarming rate. Aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase has been validated as a newer target against . Leucyl t-RNA synthetase (LeuRS) is ubiquitously found in all organisms and regulates transcription, protein synthesis, mitochondrial RNA cleavage, and proofreading of matured t-RNA.

Exploration of morpholine-thiophene hybrid thiosemicarbazones for the treatment of ureolytic bacterial infections via targeting urease enzyme: Synthesis, biochemical screening and computational analysis.

An important component of the pathogenicity of potentially pathogenic bacteria in humans is the urease enzyme. In order to avoid the detrimental impact of ureolytic bacterial infections, the inhibition of urease enzyme appears to be an appealing approach. Therefore, in the current study, morpholine-thiophene hybrid thiosemicarbazone derivatives () were designed, synthesized and characterized through FTIR, H NMR, C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

Emerging trends to replace pesticides with nanomaterials: Recent experiences and future perspectives for ecofriendly environment.

Despite the widespread usage to safeguard crops and manage pests, pesticides have detrimental effects on the environment and human health. The necessity to find sustainable agricultural techniques and meet the growing demand for food production has spurred the quest for pesticide substitutes other than traditional ones. The unique qualities of nanotechnology, including its high surface area-to-volume ratio, controlled release, and better stability, have made it a promising choice for pest management.

Synergistic effect of biochar with gypsum, lime, and farm manure on the growth and tolerance in rice plants under different salt-affected soils.

Soil salinization and sodication harm soil fertility and crop production, especially in dry regions. To combat this, using biochar combined with gypsum, lime, and farm manure is a promising solution for improving salt-affected soils. In a pot experiment, cotton stick biochar (BC) was applied at a rate of 20 t/ha in combination with gypsum (G), lime (L), and farm manure (F) at rates of 5 and 10 t/ha.

Sizzled (Frzb3) physically interacts with noncanonical Wnt ligands to inhibit gastrulation cell movement.

The coordinated movement of germ layer progenitor cells reaches its peak at the dorsal side, where the Bmp signaling gradient is low, and minimum at the ventral side, where the Bmp gradient is high. This dynamic cell movement is regulated by the interplay of various signaling pathways. The noncanonical Wnt signaling cascade serves as a pivotal regulator of convergence and extension cell movement, facilitated by the activation of small GTPases such as Rho, Rab, and Rac.

A short report on the current landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in vascular surgery in Pakistan.

This study focuses on the current applications, potential, and challenges to Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in vascular surgery with specific emphasis on its relevance in Pakistan. Despite the benefits of AI in vascular surgery, there is a substantial gap in its adoption in Pakistan compared to global standards. In our context with limited resources and a scarcity of vascular surgeons, AI can serve as a promising solution.

Residual efficiency of iron-nanoparticles and different iron sources on growth, and antioxidants in maize plants under salts stress: life cycle study.

Exogenous application of iron (Fe) may alleviate salinity stress in plants growing in saline soils. This comparative study evaluated the comparative residual effects of iron nanoparticles (FNp) with two other Fe sources including iron-sulphate (FS) and iron-chelate (FC) on maize ( L.) crop grown under salt stress.

Does financial inclusion and information communication technology affect environmental degradation in oil-producing countries?

Advances in financial inclusions have contributed to economic growth and poverty alleviation, addressing environmental implications and implementing measures to mitigate climate change. Financial inclusions force advanced countries to progress their policies in a manner that does not hinder developing countries' current and future development. Consequently, this research examined the asymmetric effects of information and communication technology (ICT), financial inclusion, consumption of primary energy, employment to population ratio, and human development index on CO2 emissions in oil-producing countries (UAE, Nigeria, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Norway, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Iraq, USA, and Canada).