Assessment of Bone Mineral Density in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis; An Iranian Population-Based Study.

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition in which bone turnover and metabolism is impaired; thus, osteoporosis and low bone density are subsequently inevitable. We aimed to determine bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers, and associated factors in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: Patients aged 30-70 years undergoing HD between 2015 to 2019 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

The effect of an enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain) combined with bone ceramic on bone formation in mandibular defects: a histomorphometric and immunohistochemical study in the canine.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combination of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and an osteoconductive bone ceramic (BC) in improving bone regeneration.

Materials And Methods: Four cylindrical cavities (6 × 6 mm) were prepared bilaterally in the mandible in three dogs. The defects were randomly assigned to four different treatments-filled with EMD/BC and covered with a nonresorbable membrane, filled with EMD/BC without membrane, membrane coverage only, or control (left untreated)-and healed for 2, 4, or 6 weeks.

Ultrasound of the hands and feet for rheumatological disorders: influence on clinical diagnostic confidence and patient management.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to quantify the impact that ultrasound (US) of the hands and feet has on the rheumatologists' diagnostic confidence and on patient management.

Materials And Methods: There were 62 consecutive referrals from two rheumatologists for US of the hands and/or feet for this prospective controlled observational study. Measurements of diagnostic confidence for both specific clinical findings as well as overall diagnosis using a Likert scale were made both before and after the US examination in each case.

Radiation-induced DNA damage and repair in cells of a radiosensitive human malignant glioma cell line.

The induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks were studied in cells of two isogenic human malignant glioma cell lines which vary in their SF2 values by a factor of approximately 30. M059J cells are radiosensitive (SF2 = 0.02) and lack the p350 component of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK); M059K cells are radioresistant (SF2 = 0.

Studies of the renal vasoactive systems in hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism.

Plasma renin activity, total renin, active renin, and aldosterone were measured as well as urinary prostaglandin E2 and kallikrein in a group of patients with hyperkalemia (6.1-7.7 mEq per liter) and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism.

Renal kallikrein excretion in alcoholic cirrhosis. Relationship to other vasoactive systems.

Severe liver disease is often associated with renal hemodynamic changes, and these changes may involve vasoactive hormones. The vasodilatory renal kallikrein-kinin system has received little previous study in these patients. We measured urinary kallikrein in nine patients with alcoholic cirrhosis under rigid metabolic conditions and simultaneously evaluated renin, aldosterone and urinary prostaglandins.

Induction of renin release by exogenous prostaglandins in hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism.

A deficiency in renal prostaglandin synthesis has been proposed as the cause of the syndrome of hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. To determine if renin release could be stimulated by pharmacologic infusions of PGA1, we infused PGA1 0.075 to 0.

Is urinary flow rate a major regulator of prostaglandin E excretion in man?

Urinary PGE2 excretion is enhanced in several polyuric states in man suggesting that PGE2 synthesis could be a mediator of diuresis. To explore the alternate hypothesis that polyuria is the cause of the increased PGE2 excretion, we increased urine flow rate by intravenous administration of dextrose and water with different magnesium, calcium and potassium solutions in four normal males. Urinary PGE excretion rose in parallel with urine volume (r = 0.

Use of right atrial catheter for prolonged iv support in cancer patients.

A right atrial catheter has proven to be a well-tolerated technical advance for patients requiring prolonged vascular access. It is easily inserted and suited for ambulatory maintenance by the patient. Catheters are utilized for a wide spectrum of iv medications with an acceptably low complication rate.

Contribution of urine volume to the elevated urinary prostaglandin E in Bartter's syndrome and central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

1. Urinary PGE is elevated above normal in patients with Bartter's syndrome, central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. 2.

Effect of indomethacin and prostaglandin A1 on renal function and plasma renin activity in alcoholic liver disease.

Renal function is known to be abnormal in patients with cirrhosis. Diminished cortical blood flow due to active renal vasoconstriction is present. Renal prostaglandins, potent vasodilators, could be released by the kidney in an attempt to maintain renal blood flow.

Prostaglandins: modulators of renal function and pressor resistance in chronic liver disease.

Prostaglandins may modulate renal function and play a role in the hyperreninism and angiotensin pressor resistance of chronic liver disease. To study this possibility, we evaluated 12 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and ascites. Urine immunoassayable prostaglandin E in 5 female patients was 3.

Renal prostaglandins and sodium balance in normal man.

We investigated the relationship between urinary prostaglandin E (PGE) excretion and sodium and water balance. PGE excretion was measured in thirteen healthy male volunteers on the metabolic ward during conditions of high sodium (200 mmols/day) and low sodium diets (40 mmols/day) and during intravenous administration of saline and of dextrose and water, using each subject as his own control. PGE excretion was higher on the high sodium than on the low sodium diet (191 +/- 37 SE versus 98 +/- 41 ng/6h, p less than 0.

The prostaglandin and kallikrein-kinin systems in mineralocorticoid escape.

To evaluate the interactions of the renal prostaglandin and kallikrein-kinin systems during mineralocorticoid escape, we administered desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA; 20 mg im daily for 10 days) to five normal men and then repeated the study 2-16 weeks later with simultaneous indomethacin (200 mg/day) or ibuprofen (1600 mg/day) for prostaglandin inhibition (PI). Plasma aldosterone, PRA, and urinary prostaglandin E (PGE) were measured by immunoassay; urinary kallikrein activity was measured by esterase activity. With DOCA, subjects gained 2.

Release of immunoassayable prostaglandin E by the human ischemic kidney.

Immunoassayable prostaglandin E concentration in renal venous plasma was measured in eight patients with renovascular hypertension. Two subjects with bilateral renal artery stenosis had similar concentrations from both renal veins. The six subjects with unilateral artery stenosis had greater concentration on the stenotic side in each case, suggesting that the human ischemic kidney produces increased amounts of prostaglandins.

The measurement of urinary prostaglandin E in normal subjects and in high-renin states.

Antisera generated toward PGE was obtained from rabbits immunized with PGE2 conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin by the carbodiimide reaction. The specificity of the antibody is such that only PGE1 and PGE2 has significant cross-reactions. 13, 14-Dihydro and 15-keto PG's did not react.

Continuous intravenous deferoxamine infusion. Treatment of secondary hemochromatosis in adults.

Adult patients with chronic iron overload were given oral ascorbic acid and continuous intravenous infusions of deferoxamine mesylate. The dosage of deferoxamine mesylate was altered every 48 hours from 1 g/sq m/24 hr to 2 or 4 g/sq m/24 hr. The average iron mobilization was 55.

[Increased renal prostaglandin E2 secretion in Bartter's syndrome].

In a 52-year-old patient with Bartter's syndrome, peripheral venous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and plasma renin activity (PRA) levels were markedly elevated and plasma aldosterone concentration (pa) was at the upper limit of normal, though inappropriately high relative to the decreased plasma and whole body potassium levels. Blood pressure, plasma volume, exchangeable body sodium, plasma cortisol and urinary catecholamines were normal. Renal venous PGE2 was two to three times higher than peripheral PGE2.

The effect of sodium restriction and prostaglandin inhibition on the renin-angiotensin system in man.

To investigate the possible interrelationship between the renin-angiotensin and prostaglandin systems, two groups of normal men were evaluated under conditions of varied sodium intake and after indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. Eight subjects were placed on a 200 mEq Na diet and given 45 min infusions of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1) at 0.075 microng/kg/min and angiotensin II at 10 ng/kg/min on separate mornings.

The effect of ACTH and cortisol on aldosterone and cortisol clearance and distribution in plasma and whole blood.

The mechanisms of increased aldosterone and cortisol metabolic clearance rates (MCR) following ACTH or cortisol administration were studied in 13 subjects undergoing cardiac catheterization and in 9 healthy controls. In control subjects, the MCR (plasma) of both steroids increased by 29% (aldosterone: from 936 +/- 57 to 1204 +/- 55 l/day/m2, cortisol: from 205 +/- 12 to 264 +/- 17 l/day/m2 +/- SE) after ACTH (12 units/h) for 1 to 4 h, and by 20 and 32%, respectively, after cortisol (12 mg/h) for 1 to 2 h. In contrast, aldosterone MCR (whole blood) did not change with ACTH or cortisol administration (from 1276 +/- 57 to 1330 +/- 59 l/day/m2), indicating that the plasma MCR increase results from a redistribution of aldosterone from plasma to red cells.