COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF NSAIDS WITH INTRA- ARTICULAR INJECTION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN PATIENTS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER WITH INTERNAL DISC DISPLACEMENT WITHOUT REDUCTION.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a diverse set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular problems involving the temporomandibular joint complex and surrounding muscles 1. TMD prevalence has varied from one location to the next, with estimates ranging from 6 to 68 % in various types Objectives were to compare the efficacy of NSAIDs with intra-articular injection of corticosteroids in patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders (TMD) due to disc displacement without reduction in terms of mean pain score and mean mouth opening. This Randomized control trial was conducted at the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, PMC Dental institute, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from 6th April 2018 to 6th April 2019.

Risk Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Special Emphasis on Areca Nut Usage and Its Association with Clinicopathological Parameters and Recurrence.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer and is associated with high mortality, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Areca nut usage, smoking, and alcohol consumption are the most common risk factors for OSCC. Areca nut chewing is highly prevalent in Pakistan and has been attributed to an increase in OSCC cases.

Significance of Estrogen/Progesterone Receptor Expression in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma.

Introduction: Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare subgroup of breast neoplasms associated with adverse outcomes because of its aggressive nature. Typically, MBCs show triple-negative hormone receptor (HR) status. Determining the HR status of breast cancer is an integral part because it is an important prognostic factor and helps in the treatment course of the disease.

The hidden fitness of the male zebra finch courtship song.

Vocal learning in songbirds is thought to have evolved through sexual selection, with female preference driving males to develop large and varied song repertoires. However, many songbird species learn only a single song in their lifetime. How sexual selection drives the evolution of single-song repertoires is not known.

Early-Onset/Young-Onset Colorectal Carcinoma: A Comparative Analysis of Morphological Features and Biomarker Profile.

Introduction Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common cancers that involve the human body. Young-onset CRC (YO-CRC) or early-onset CRC (EO-CRC) is defined as CRC that develops before the age of 50 years, as opposed to CRC that is diagnosed after the age of 50, referred to as late-onset CRC (LO-CRC). EO-CRC is sparsely studied in our population.

Are psychedelic medicines the reset for chronic pain? Preliminary findings and research needs.

Chronic pain is a leading cause of disability, reduced productivity, healthcare seeking behavior, and a contributor to opioid overdose in the United States. For many people, pain can be satisfactorily managed by existing medicines and comprehensive psychosocial treatments. For others, available treatments are either ineffective or not acceptable, due to side effects and concerns about risks.

National Institutes of Health psilocybin research speaker series: State of the science, regulatory and policy landscape, research gaps, and opportunities.

The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) convened a seminal first ever psychedelic drug substance-focused speaker series, from April 22 to June 10, 2021, titled the "NIH Psilocybin Research Speaker Series.

Health related quality of life in post-acute coronary patient.

The study aimed to assess the effects of lifestyle-modification counselling on behavioural outcomes among patients after myocardial infarction. This was a quasi-experimental study, conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC), Rawalpindi, from December 2018 to February 2019, on 50 post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) patients. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding lifestyle was assessed using a self-designed, pre-tested, validated questionnaire.

Psychedelic drug abuse potential assessment research for new drug applications and Controlled Substances Act scheduling.

New medicines containing classic hallucinogenic and entactogenic psychedelic substance are under development for various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Many of these, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are Schedule I controlled substances of the United States Controlled Substances Act (US CSA), and similarly controlled globally. The implications of the CSA for research and medicines development, the path to approval of medicines, and their subsequent removal from Schedule I in the US are discussed.

Impact of Histological Type and Grade on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Intraoperative Frozen Section for Detecting Breast Cancer Metastasis to Axillary Sentinel Lymph Nodes.

Introduction Intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) evaluation is the standard of care in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer. The most common histological subtype of breast carcinoma is invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), followed by invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Alternatively, histological grades vary from grades G1 to G3.

Mutant Phenotype p53 Immunohistochemical Expression Is Associated With Poor Prognostic Parameters and Disease-Free Survival in Triple-Negative Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma.

Introduction Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a special type of breast cancer that is most commonly triple-negative and has the worst outcome compared to other breast tumors. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in many human cancers. The association of mutant p53 immunohistochemical expression with clinical and prognostic parameters has not been widely studied in triple-negative MBC.

Sofosbuvir Resistance-associated Substitutions in the Palm Domain of HCV-NS5B RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase; Study of two Sofosbuvir non-responders.

Objective: In current study we performed sequencing of palm domain of HCV-NS5B gene, its ancestral analysis along with amino acids substitution analysis. These analysis were done to find the molecular basis of the viral resistance against Sofosbuvir drug.

Methods: Blood samples from individuals with chronic Hepatitis C infection that were resistant to Sofosbuvir were collected.

Clinicopathological Features of Craniopharyngioma: A 15-Year Study From a Tertiary Care Center in Pakistan.

Introduction Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are benign neoplasms and most common suprasellar tumors. They are more frequent in children, contributing to a significant number of intracranial tumors in the pediatric population and are thought to be arising either from the epithelial remnant cells of the craniopharyngeal duct or from the adenohypophysis epithelium. Two subtypes of CPs exist, namely, adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP).

Mucinous Breast Carcinoma: Clinicopathological Comparison With Invasive Ductal Carcinoma.

Introduction Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common histological subtype of breast cancer. Conversely, many special types of breast carcinoma were described with varying prognosis and hormone receptor status. Mucinous carcinoma (MC) is a rare special subtype of breast cancer, and only a few studies have evaluated the clinicopathological and hormone receptor profile of this type of breast cancer.

Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer modified polyurethane bionanocomposites.

Bio based polyurethane nanocomposites (renewable thermosets) show a diverse range in properties, processing components and production of smart materials for health, food, and energy sectors. In this work, polyurethane nanocomposites based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and hydroxyl terminated-polybutadiene (HTPB) incorporating clay were modified using hydroxyethyl cellulose (HLAC) to be further assessed for thermal and mechanical properties. Elastomers samples were prepared by blending clay suspension and PU prepolymer to attain clay contents of 0.

Effects of a short message service (SMS) by cellular phone to improve compliance with fasting guidelines in patients undergoing elective surgery: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Contemporary perioperative fasting guidelines aim to alleviate patient discomfort before surgery and enhance postoperative recovery whilst seeking to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration during anesthesia. The impact of a short message service (SMS) reminder on fasting guideline compliance is unknown. Therefore, we performed a retrospective observational study and quality improvement project aiming to quantify the extent of excessive and prolonged fasting, and then assessed the impact of a SMS reminder in reducing fasting times.

Synthesis and characterization of graphene nanoplatelets-hydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer-based polyurethane bionanocomposite system.

Bionanocomposites is an emerging class of biohybrid materials, have a significant impact in environmental and biomedical fields owing to their high performance, lightweight, unique, and ecofriendly properties. A major challenge in the multiphase bionanocomposites system is to subtle control over the performance by managing the individual properties of reacting components. Herein, we presented the preliminary investigation on bionanocomposite system based on graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hydroxyethyl cellulose graft poly(lactic acid) copolymer-polyurethane (HLAC-PU) with the aim to understand the structure property correlation for proposed applications in electronics and medical areas.

Preparation of hydroxyethyl cellulose/halloysite nanotubes graft polylactic acid-based polyurethane bionanocomposites.

2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose graft polylactic acid copolymer (HLAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization of lactic acid (LA) and 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2-HEC), initiated by dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) catalyst in aqueous media. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/polyurethane (PU) bionanocomposites were prepared using the HLAC as chain extender in the step-growth polymerization. HNTs were dispersed in HLAC based PU matrix at different weight ratios of 0.

Granuloma whorls.

What is the significance of bone marrow examination in presence of peripheral cytopenias? It is still regarded as a mandatory investigation to diagnose hematological disorders. In this case, bone marrow trephine was initially done as a diagnosis of exclusion for ITP, whereas it revealed multiple granulomas suggesting mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Assessment of agreement and interchangeability between the TEG5000 and TEG6S thromboelastography haemostasis analysers: a prospective validation study.

Background: TEG6S® and TEG5000® (Haemonetics Corp, USA) are haemostasis analysers that measure viscoelasticity properties of whole blood. Both use different mechanisms to assess similar components of the coagulation process. The aim of this study was to assess agreement and interchangeability between the TEG6S and TEG5000 analysers.