Research Progress on the Measurement Methods and Clinical Significance of Capillary Refill Time.

The monitoring of peripheral circulation, as indicated by the capillary refill time, is a sensitive and accurate method of assessing the microcirculatory status of the body. It is a widely used tool for the evaluation of critically ill patients, the guidance of therapeutic interventions, and the assessment of prognosis. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on microcirculation monitoring which has led to an increased focus on capillary refill time.

Development of a Colloidal Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Strip Using a Monoclonal Antibody for the Rapid Detection of Ofloxacin.

The livestock industry uses ofloxacin, an antibiotic, to prevent several animal diseases; however, the overdose of ofloxacin used in animal farming treatments may appear in food products and cause some adverse human health effects. Hence, there is an immediate need to develop a method suitable for on site large-scale detection of ofloxacin residues in animal-derived foods. This study aimed to prepare a monoclonal antibody with high sensitivity and affinity for ofloxacin by re-synthesizing the ofloxacin hapten and synthesizing the corresponding complete antigen.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Factors affecting posaconazole plasma concentrations: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Posaconazole is a potent antifungal agent widely used to manage invasive fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Achieving optimal therapeutic concentrations of posaconazole can be challenging due to interpatient variability, the availability of multiple formulations, and various dosing strategies.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to identify studies evaluating factors that influence blood concentrations of posaconazole.

Epilepsy and brain health: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Epilepsy, as a chronic noncommunicable disease with recurrent seizures, may be a marker of deterioration or alteration in other underlying neurological diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of epilepsy with brain function, other common brain disorders, and their underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The study was based on clinical diagnostic and test data from 426,527 participants in the UK Biobank, of whom 3,251 were diagnosed with epilepsy at baseline.

Concatemer-assisted stoichiometry analysis: targeted mass spectrometry for protein quantification.

Large multiprotein machines are central to many biological processes. However, stoichiometric determination of protein complex subunits in their native states presents a significant challenge. This study addresses the limitations of current tools in accuracy and precision by introducing concatemer-assisted stoichiometry analysis (CASA).

MS-CLSTM: Myoelectric Manipulator Gesture Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Feature Fusion CNN-LSTM Network.

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals reflect the local electrical activity of muscle fibers and the synergistic action of the overall muscle group, making them useful for gesture control of myoelectric manipulators. In recent years, deep learning methods have increasingly been applied to sEMG gesture recognition due to their powerful automatic feature extraction capabilities. sEMG signals contain rich local details and global patterns, but single-scale convolutional networks are limited in their ability to capture both comprehensively, which restricts model performance.

Early developmental changes in GABAA receptor expression in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons.

The expression of GABARs goes through large scale, evolutionarily conserved changes through the early postnatal period. While these changes have been well-studied in brain regions such as the hippocampus and sensory cortices, less is known about early developmental changes in other brain areas. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a major hub in the circuitry that mediates motivated behaviors and disruptions in NAc activity is a part of the neuropathology observed in mood and substance use disorders.

Cellular components of tumor microenvironment: understanding their role in lymphatic metastasis of tumors.

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death in cancer patients. Tumor cells primarily spread through the hematogenous and lymphatic system. The underlying mechanisms of hematogenous metastasis have been well described over the past few decades.

Regulating Carbon Vacancies and Undercoordinated Mo Sites in MoC Catalysts Toward Photo-Thermal Catalytic Conversion of Biomass Into H Fuel.

The conversion of biomass into chemical fuels is exciting but quite challenging in the development of an effective conversion strategy to generate easily-separated products without energy consumption. Herein, a lignocellulosic biomass-to-H conversion system via photo-thermal catalysis over MoC hierarchical nanotube catalysts in an acidic solution, in which the lignocellulose is hydrolyzed to small organic molecules (such as glucose, etc) by dilute HSO, and then the resulting glucose is oxidized by MoC catalyst to generate H are reported. During the photo-thermal catalytic processes, the carbon vacancy in MoC catalysts results in the generation of undercoordinated Mo sites, which act as active sites for both biomass oxidation and H generation reactions.

Low-dose emapalumab combined with chemotherapy for adult patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe disorder with poor clinical outcomes. Use of emapalumab, an IFN-γ inhibitor, enables primary HLH control in over 85 % of affected children. However, data on emapalumab use for Epstein-Barr virus-associated HLH (EBV-HLH) are limited.

Activated kynurenine pathway metabolism by YKL-40 establishes an inhibitory immune microenvironment and drives glioblastoma development.

Background: Glioblastoma (GB) is the stage IV of glioma and mesenchymal GB represents the most common and malignant subtype characterized with elevated expression of a mesenchymal marker YKL-40 and resistance to immune drug therapy. Here, we determined if YKL-40 regulates kynurenine (Kyn) pathway (KP) metabolism that contributes to establishing an immune suppressive microenvironment in GB.

Methods: Tumor cells expressing YKL-40 from GB patients were isolated and activated cellular metabolisms were identified via gene microarray analysis.

A Comparison of Digestive Strategies for With Different Diet Compositions: Digestive Enzyme Activities, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolites.

Animal gut microbiota play important roles in host immunity, nutrient metabolism, and energy acquisition. The gut microbiota and its metabolic products interact with the host in many different ways, influencing gut homoeostasis and health. is an endemic species which displays special frugivorous behavior, and it has been observed consuming grapes.

Gene expression profiles in human dental pulp stem cells treated short-term with lipopolysaccharides before and after osteoinduction.

Objectives: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are essential for reparative dentinogenesis following damage or infection. DPSCs surrounding the blood vessels in the central region of the dental pulp actively proliferate after tooth injury and differentiate into new odontoblast-like cells or odontoblasts to form reparative dentin. However, the signaling pathways involved in undifferentiated and osteodifferentiated DPSCs under inflammatory conditions remain unclear.

ssMutPA: single-sample mutation-based pathway analysis approach for cancer precision medicine.

Background: Single-sample pathway enrichment analysis is an effective approach for identifying cancer subtypes and pathway biomarkers, facilitating the development of precision medicine. However, the existing approaches focused on investigating the changes in gene expression levels but neglected somatic mutations, which play a crucial role in cancer development.

Findings: In this study, we proposed a novel single-sample mutation-based pathway analysis approach (ssMutPA) to infer individualized pathway activities by integrating somatic mutation data and the protein-protein interaction network.

Histological Validation of Multi-Echo Gradient Echo (MGRE)-Derived Myelin Water Fraction (MWF) at 9.4 T and the Influence of Orientation on Quantification.

Myelin is essential in the nervous system of mammals. As the location and degree of myelin loss can reflect varied pathophysiological status, noninvasive measurement of myelin is of high importance. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of myelin water fraction (MWF) derived from multi-echo gradient echo (MGRE) sequence is a promising tool for the quantification of myelin content due to the low specific absorption rate (SAR) compared with the spin-echo sequence, time efficiency, and wide availability.

Association between volatile organic compounds and circadian syndrome among pre- and postmenopausal women: A population-based study.

Air pollution is closely associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. Circadian syndrome (CircS), as an extended concept of metabolic syndrome (MetS), has been proven to be a better predictor of metabolic diseases than MetS. However, the relationship between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CircS in pre- and postmenopausal remains unclear.

Evaluation of three rapid assays for detecting Mycoplasma pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal specimens.

During the 2023 autumn-winter period in China, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections have increased. To address this, rapid and accurate MP DNA detection methods are crucial. Three nucleic acid detection assays (Ustar, Coyote Flash10, Coyote Flash 20) that are widely used in China are currently being evaluated for their effectiveness in detecting MP DNA in nasopharyngeal specimens.

Electrocatalytic 4e Oxygen Reduction through the Innovative Design of a Trinuclear Cobalt Porphyrin(2.1.2.1) Nanobelt.

Trinuclear cobalt porphyrin(2.1.2.

SASH1 is a novel binding partner to disassemble Caskin1 tandem SAM homopolymer through heterogeneous SAM-SAM interaction.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) interaction protein 1/2 (Caskin1/2) is essential neuronal synaptic scaffold protein in nervous system development. Knockouts of Caskin1/2 display severe deficits in novelty recognition and spatial memory. The tandem sterile alpha motif (SAM) domains of Caskin1/2, also conserved in their Drosophila homolog Ckn, are known to form homopolymers, yet their dynamic regulation mechanism remains unclear.

Iron Porphyrin-Based Composites for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the most critical reactions in energy conversion systems, and it facilitates the efficient conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, which is necessary for modern technology. Developing efficient and cost-effective catalysts for ORRs is crucial for advancing and effectively applying renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and electrochemical sensors. In recent years, iron porphyrin-based composites have emerged as ideal catalysts for facilitating effective ORRs due to their unique structural characteristics, abundance, advances in synthesis, and excellent catalytic properties, which mimic natural enzymatic systems.

In-situ Sprayed platelet-derived small extracellular vesicles for the skin flap survival by reducing PANoptosis.

Necrosis at the distal end of random skin flaps remains a significant challenge, limiting the clinical application of these flaps in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Inhibiting ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and promoting the formation of neovascular networks are critical preventive strategies. Platelet-derived small extracellular vesicles (PL-sEV) are nanocarriers of growth factors that provide an alternative to clinically used platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysates, offering higher growth factor concentrations and lower immunogenicity.