Identification the Cellular Senescence Associated lncRNA LINC01579 in Gastric Cancer.

Cellular senescence is a key promoter of tumorigenesis and malignant progression. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for assessing cellular senescence in gastric cancer (GC) outcomes. We identified senescence-related genes and lncRNAs from 375 stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients and established a prognostic senescence score using multivariate Cox regression, validated in testing, TCGA-STAD and the combined TCGA-COAD and READ cohorts.

Toroidal dipole resonances enhanced second-harmonic generation with shallow etching of lithium niobate metasurface.

Lithium niobate (LiNbO) has shown great potential for applications in nonlinear metasurfaces, thanks to its large second-order nonlinear coefficients and high integration capabilities. Optical resonances play a crucial role in further enhancing the nonlinear optical responses of LiNbO metasurfaces (LNMS). In this study, both numerically and experimentally, we designed and fabricated a metasurface structure that supports toroidal dipole (TD) resonance to enhance second-harmonic generation (SHG).

Enhancing anammox granular sludge for mainstream anammox process by adding iron-loaded diatomite: Performance and intrinsic mechanism.

Iron-loaded diatomite (Fe-DE) was developed as the innovative material to enhance anammox granular sludge (AnGS) and mainstream anammox performance. By adding Fe-DE with the Fe:DE ratio of 1:20 and the dosage of 3 g/L, the start-up period of mainstream anammox process was shortened from 29 d to 17 d and its nitrogen removal rate was increased from 0.234 kg N/(m·d) to 0.

competitively Binds to G3BPs and Activates MTORC1 to Enhance HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Trastuzumab Tolerance.

About 20% of breast cancer patients are positive for HER2. The efficacy of current treatments is limited by primary and secondary resistance to trastuzumab. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have shown crucial regulatory roles in various cancers.

Physical breakdown of CH hydrate under stress: a molecular dynamics simulation study.

As a solid energy source, CH hydrate will inevitably break down physically as the result of geological movement or exploitation. Here, the molecular dynamics method was employed to simulate the uniaxial-deformation behavior of structure I (sI type) CH hydrate under stress. The stress increases regardless of whether the hydrate is stretched or squeezed, and other physical parameters also changed, such as hydrate cage numbers, order parameters, and the number of water molecules.

An Imbalance in Histone Modifiers Induces tRNA-Cys-GCA Overexpression and tRF-27 Accumulation by Attenuating Promoter H3K27me3 in Primary Trastuzumab-Resistant Breast Cancer.

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play crucial roles in cancer progression. Among them, tRF-27 has been identified as a key factor in promoting trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. However, the origin of tRF-27 remains uncertain.

Unveiling Alterations of Epigenetic Modifications and Chromatin Architecture Leading to Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming during the Evolutionary Trastuzumab Adaptation of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.

Secondary trastuzumab resistance represents an evolutionary adaptation of HER2-positive breast cancer during anti-HER2 treatment. Most current studies have tended to prioritize HER2 and its associated signaling pathways, often overlooking broader but seemingly less relevant cellular processes, along with their associated genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, transcriptome data is not only characterized but also examined epigenomic and 3D genome architecture information in both trastuzumab-sensitive and secondary-resistant breast cancer cells.

Quantitative systems pharmacology modeling of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer for translational efficacy evaluation and combination assessment across therapeutic modalities.

HER2-positive (HER2) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) is highly aggressive and a major threat to human health. Despite the significant improvement in patients' prognosis given the drug development efforts during the past several decades, many clinical questions still remain to be addressed such as efficacy when combining different therapeutic modalities, best treatment sequences, interindividual variability as well as resistance and potential coping strategies. To better answer these questions, we developed a mechanistic quantitative systems pharmacology model of the pathophysiology of HER2 mBC that was extensively calibrated and validated against multiscale data to quantitatively predict and characterize the signal transduction and preclinical tumor growth kinetics under different therapeutic interventions.

Sulforaphane activates CD8 T cells antitumor response through IL-12RB2/MMP3/FasL-induced MDSCs apoptosis'.

Background: Extensive attention has been given to the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in driving tumor progression and treatment failure. Preclinical studies have identified multiple agents that eliminate MDSCs. However, none have been authorized in the cliniccal ues due to the safety reasons.

High B7-H3 expression with low PD-L1 expression identifies armored-cold tumors in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is generally regarded as the most aggressive subtype among breast cancers, but exhibits higher chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic responses due to its unique immunogenicity. Thus, appropriate discrimination of subtypes is critical for guiding therapeutic options in clinical practice. In this research, using multiple in-house and public cohorts, we investigated the expression features and immuno-correlations of B7-H3 in breast cancer and checked the anti-tumor effect of the B7-H3 monoclonal antibody in a mouse model.

Molecular simulation of imperfect structure I CO hydrate growth in brine.

In order to investigate the viability of carbon dioxide (CO) storage in seawater, molecular dynamics techniques were employed to study the dynamic evolution of CO hydrate in saline water. The simulation was conducted under specific conditions: a temperature of 275 K, a pressure of 10 MPa and a simulated marine environment achieved using a 3.4 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution.

MDSCs-derived GPR84 induces CD8 T-cell senescence via p53 activation to suppress the antitumor response.

Backgrounds: G-protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) marks a subset of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with stronger immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Yet, how GPR84 endowed the stronger inhibition of MDSCs to CD8 T cells function is not well established. In this study, we aimed to identify the underlying mechanism behind the immunosuppression of CD8 T cells by GPR84 MDSCs.

Erratum: SECTM1 is upregulated in immuno-hot tumors and predicts immunotherapeutic efficacy in multiple cancers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.

Digging out the biology properties of tRNA-derived small RNA from black hole.

An unique subclass of functional non-coding RNAs generated by transfer RNA (tRNA) under stress circumstances is known as tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA). tsRNAs can be divided into tRNA halves and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) based on the different cleavage sites. Like microRNAs, tsRNAs can attach to Argonaute (AGO) proteins to target downstream mRNA in a base pairing manner, which plays a role in rRNA processing, gene silencing, protein expression and viral infection.

Efficacy and safety of the proposed bevacizumab biosimilar BAT1706 compared with reference bevacizumab in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer: A randomized, double-blind, phase III study.

Background: BAT1706 is a proposed biosimilar of bevacizumab (Avastin®). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of BAT1706 with that of EU-sourced reference bevacizumab (EU-bevacizumab) in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to BAT1706 plus paclitaxel and carboplatin (BAT1706 arm) or EU-bevacizumab plus paclitaxel and carboplatin (EU-bevacizumab arm) given every 3 weeks for six cycles, followed by maintenance therapy with BAT1706 or EU-bevacizumab.

Heat-shock protein 90α protects NME1 against degradation and suppresses metastasis of breast cancer.

Background: NME1 has been exploited as a potential translational target for decades. Substantial efforts have been made to upregulate the expression of NME1 and restore its anti-metastasis function in metastatic cancer.

Methods: Cycloheximide (CHX) chase assay was used to measure the steady-state protein stability of NME1 and HSP90α.

Candidate Oligo Therapeutic Target, miR-330-3p, Induces Tamoxifen Resistance in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells via HDAC4.

Tamoxifen is a drug used for treating breast cancer (BC), especially for individuals diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC. Its prolonged use could reduce the risk of recurrence and significantly lengthen the survival rate of BC patients. However, an increasing number of patients developed resistance to tamoxifen treatment, which reduced therapeutic efficiency and caused substandard prognosis.

tRF-21-LNK8KEP1B as a potential novel diagnostic biomarker for enthesitis-related arthritis.

Objective: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play crucial roles in the progression of various diseases, and widely distribute in human tissues, including blood and urine. The diagnosis of enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) is based on the observation of clinical manifestations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether serum tRFs can be used as diagnostic markers for ERA.

N4-Acetylcytidine Drives Glycolysis Addiction in Gastric Cancer via NAT10/SEPT9/HIF-1α Positive Feedback Loop.

Anti-angiogenic therapy has long been considered a promising strategy for solid cancers. Intrinsic resistance to hypoxia is a major cause for the failure of anti-angiogenic therapy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, it is revealed that N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), a newly identified mRNA modification, enhances hypoxia tolerance in gastric cancer (GC) cells by promoting glycolysis addiction.

Maternal Serum tRNA-Derived Fragments (tRFs) as Potential Candidates for Diagnosis of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most predominant birth defects that causes infant death worldwide. The timely and successful surgical treatment of CHD on newborns after delivery requires accurate detection and reliable diagnosis during pregnancy. However, there are no biomarkers that can serve as an early diagnostic factor for CHD patients.

SECTM1 is upregulated in immuno-hot tumors and predicts immunotherapeutic efficacy in multiple cancers.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the management of advanced cancers. However, many patients could not benefit from ICIs therapy, and thus several biomarkers for therapeutic prediction have been uncovered. In this research, more than ten public and in-house cohorts were used to explore the predictive value and immunological correlations of secreted and transmembrane 1 (SECTM1) in cancers.

Exosome-Transmitted tRF-16-K8J7K1B Promotes Tamoxifen Resistance by Reducing Drug-Induced Cell Apoptosis in Breast Cancer.

Tamoxifen resistance remains a challenge in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. Recent evidence suggests that transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)-derived fragments play pivotal roles in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the relationship between tRNA-derived fragments and tamoxifen resistance remains unclear.