Unveiling active nitrate and nitrite cycling in a eutrophic coastal bay, southern China from a dual isotope perspective.

Increased nutrient loading in coastal waters poses a threat to marine ecosystems. To develop effective management strategies, a clearer understanding of nitrogen cycle dynamics for the main species is crucial for understudied urbanized areas. By employing stable isotopes of nitrate (δN and δO) and the rarely reported nitrite isotopes, we found a decoupling between physical mixing and microbial transformative processes in the Xiamen Bay.

Spermine alleviates myocardial cell aging by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress damage.

Background: Myocardial aging, involving oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence, is crucial to DOX - induced heart failure. DOX has dose - dependent cardiotoxicity. Sper a natural polyamine with antioxidant and anti - aging effects, remains unstudied in this context.

Parvimonas micra promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis through TmpC-CKAP4 axis.

Parvimonas micra (P. micra), an opportunistic oral pathogen associated with multiple cancers, has limited research on its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study shows that P.

Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Adrenal Function.

The adrenal glands play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, blood pressure, immune system function, and response to stress through the secretion of hormones. Despite their critical functions, the adrenal glands are often overlooked in studies on the effects of potential toxicants. Research across human, animal, and in vitro studies has identified more than 60 compounds that can induce adrenocortical toxicity.

Recent advances in gellan gum-based films and its application in sustainable food packaging: a review.

The significance of food packaging in facilitating food preservation and storage cannot be overstated. However, the prevalent use of petroleum-based plastic packaging has raised environmental concerns, necessitating the exploration of alternative biopolymer materials. Among these alternatives, polysaccharides stand out, including gellan gum.

Impact of fracture fixation surgery on cognitive function and the gut microbiota in mice with a history of stroke.

Perioperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication in stroke patients undergoing secondary surgeries. This study investigated the effects of tibial fracture internal fixation (TFIF) surgery on cognitive function and the gut microbiota in mice with a history of stroke. Using the middle cerebral artery occlusion method to induce stroke, we assessed cognitive function via the fear conditioning test and analyzed the gut microbiota through 16S rRNA sequencing.

Sigma-1 receptor activation attenuates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial calcium overload via PERK and IP3R-VDAC1-MCU signaling pathways.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline with potent antitumor properties and rare yet serious cardiotoxic side effects that limit its clinical application. The sigma-1 receptor is a stress-triggered chaperone often dysregulated in diseases and has known cardioprotective effects. Although its anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic effects have been demonstrated, its effectiveness in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity has never been explored.

Facile and green synthesis of nanocarriers from chondroitin sulfate-based and whey protein isolate with improved stability and biocompatibility for anthocyanins protection.

Anthocyanins (ACNs) are widely used in the culinary, cosmetic, and biomedical industries owing to their potent bioactivities. However, the rapid degradation of ACNs in extreme environments is a major limiting factor for their physicochemical stability and bioactivity. This study reported a facile and environmental-friendly ACN embedding strategy using chondroitin sulfate (CS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) to prepare the CS/WPI@ACN complex.

Impacts of landscape patterns on habitat quality in coal resource-exhausted cities: Spatial-temporal dynamics and non-stationary scale effects.

Coal resource-based cities were once pillars of significant economic and social development, but after resource exhaustion, these cities are at a critical crossroads and need to transition towards sustainable development and ecological urban renewal. The unique landscape patterns of these cities are associated with extensive coal mining, and their dynamic changes are intrinsically linked to habitat quality. However, this relationship has not been fully explored in existing research.

Mapping the distribution of radial artery atherosclerosis by optical coherence tomography.

Background: Radial artery plaque (RAP) can influence the function of arterial conduits after revascularization and hinder the maturation of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing hemodialysis patients. However, the preferred in vivo sites for RAP development have not been systematically investigated. This study measured and evaluated RAP to map the distribution of RAP in the radial artery (RA) using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Investigating the relevance of nucleotide metabolism in the prognosis of glioblastoma through bioinformatics models.

Nucleotide metabolism (NM) is a fundamental process that enables the rapid growth of tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) primarily relies on NM for its invasion, leading to severe clinical outcomes. This study focuses on NM to identify potential biomarkers associated with GBM.

The hidden risk in high-temperature urban environments: assessment of metal elements and human health risks of particulate matter at street.

With the exacerbated urban heat island effect, urban populations are exposing to high temperatures and increased exposure to particulate matter (PM) during daily commutes (especially vulnerable groups). Under high-temperature urban environments, the traffic emissions and the individual respiratory rate would rise simultaneously, causing an elevated risk of air particulate exposure. Most previous studies on PM at bus stations have focused on concentration levels, while neglecting chemical analyses of metal elements or increased human respiratory intake in high-temperature environments.

Long-term study of Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang essential oil: Chemical transformations and their impact on antibacterial efficacy.

The essential oil from Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang (HYEO) contains volatile compounds with strong inhibitory effects on biofilms formed on food processing equipment.

Syringin inhibits the crosstalk between macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes to treat rheumatoid arthritis via PDE4.

Background: Syringin (SRG) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory effects. However, its pharmacological mechanisms against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are not fully understood.

Materials And Methods: We assessed the anti-RA effects of SRG using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.

Characterization of a chitinase from Trichinella spiralis and its immunomodulatory effects on allergic airway inflammation in mice.

Background: A fundamental tenet of the hygiene theory is the inverse association between helminth infections and the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Research has been done to clarify the processes by which helminth-derived molecules can inhibit immunological disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Trichinella spiralis chitinase (Ts-chit) to ameliorate the symptoms of allergic airway inflammation.

Temporally and Spatially Controlled Age-Related Prostate Cancer Model in Mice.

The initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) are associated with aging. In the history of age-related PCa research, mice have become a more popular animal model option than any other species due to their short lifespan and rapid reproduction. However, PCa in mice is usually induced at a relatively young age, while it spontaneously develops in humans at an older age.

Insect-inspired passive wing collision recovery in flapping wing microrobots.

Flying insects have developed two distinct adaptive strategies to minimize wing damage during collisions. One strategy includes an elastic joint at the leading edge, which is evident in wasps and beetles, while another strategy features an adaptive and deformable leading edge, as seen in bumblebees and honeybees. Inspired by the latter, a novel approach has been developed for improving collision recovery in micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) by mimicking the principle of stiffness anisotropy present in the leading edges of these insects.

Investigation into safety regulation of entertainment venues based on big data label analysis.

The recreational escape rooms have recently emerged as a rapidly growing and widely embraced form of consumer entertainment. However, the industry's expansion has brought forth certain challenges, notably the lack of authoritative oversight, which has led to issues such as piracy and theme infringement. To address these concerns, this study explores the management complexities of immersive entertainment venues from the perspective of responsive regulation.

A time series study of the association between extreme temperature and ozone on varicella incidence.

This study aimed to discuss the effects of extreme temperatures and ozone on the incidence of varicella in Shijiazhuang City from 2014 to 2022, which provides new ideas for preventing public health events. METHODS We collected varicella cases in Shijiazhuang, China, from 2014 to 2022 and evaluated the relationship between temperature extremes and ozone on varicella incidence by building distributional lag nonlinear models. The analysis was stratified by age and sex, with 19,188 varicella cases reported.

Experimental Study on the Size Effect of Compression-Shear Fracture Characteristics of Rock-like Materials Containing Open Cracks.

Understanding fracture mechanics in rock-like materials under compression-shear condition is critical for predicting failure mechanisms in various engineering applications, such as mining and civil infrastructure. This study conducted uniaxial compression tests on cubic gypsum specimens of varying sizes (side lengths of 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, and 150 mm) and crack inclination angles (ranging from 0° to 90°) to assess the size effect on fracture behavior. The effects of specimen size and crack inclination on fracture characteristics, including strength, failure mode, and crack initiation angle, were analyzed based on the maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion and the generalized maximum tangential stress (GMTS) criterion, with relative critical size (α) and relative openness ().

Solar Energy-Promoted Bisphenol A Degradation with Immobilized Laccase in an FeO-Embedded Metal-Organic Framework.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-recognized endocrine-disrupting chemical that poses risks to both human health and the environment. Laccase can effectively biodegrade bisphenol A, but the low environmental temperature (∼25 °C) restricts the biodegradation efficiency. In this study, the enzyme laccase and FeO with solar-thermal conversion capability were coimmobilized into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (Lac@ZIF-8-FeO) to facilitate efficient biodegradation of bisphenol A under simulated solar irradiation.

Effects of different enzymatic hydrolysis techniques on volatile flavor compounds and nutritional metabolites of soybean meal yogurt.

Background: This study explores enzymatic hydrolysis as a method of modifying soybean meal (SM). It can reduce the particle size, improve flavor, and convert macromolecules into absorbable nutrients. The purpose is to provide technical information regarding the use of SM.