Asymmetric reflection quantitative phase microscopy with a scalable field of view using dynamic speckle illumination.

Dynamic speckle illumination-based quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) offers the capability to eliminate coherent noise and achieve depth selection; however, the low coherence of the illumination restricts the flexibility in objective lens selection. An asymmetric reflective quantitative phase microscopy method is proposed in this Letter. The speckle field correlation is maintained through identical exit pupil diameters in the objectives of both interference arms.

Sociocultural influences on body image concerns in men of color - a structural equation modeling study.

Objective: There is a noticeable underrepresentation of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) men in the existing empirical literature examining the sociocultural influences on body image concerns. To fill the gap, this study aimed to gain a better understanding of how sociocultural factors correlated with body dissatisfaction among BIPOC men living within the U.S.

Aluminum and polyanion-doping to improve structural and moisture stability of Ni-rich layered oxides for lithium-ion batteries.

Ni-rich layered materials LiNiCoMnO attracts extensive interest to build high-performance lithium-ion batteries, but ground challenges, , unfavorable phase transfer and interfacial parasitic reactions during cycling, especially after being exposure to the air for a long time, greatly limit their practical utilization. Here, we prove that those issues of Ni-rich layered materials can be alleviated by concurrently incorporating the Al and PO, and conduct corresponding comprehensive studies to explore mechanisms of the enhanced electrochemical performances. It is suggested that the phase transition (H2 to H3) that related to the lattice contraction can be suppressed after Al and PO co-doping, leading to improved cycling stability.

Multifunctional Fe-S bonds assist poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) to enhance iron diselenide for ultra-long sodium storage lifetime.

Transition metal selenides (TMS) have been used to prepare hundreds of electrode materials for ion batteries due to their superior theoretical capacity, but have been repeatedly limited by the sluggish reaction kinetics and the enormous volume change during the repeated charge/discharge process. Here, we report a facile strategy to fabricate organic-inorganic composites by engineering a unique chemical bonding interface between TMS and conductive polymers. For the first time, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is utilized to encapsulate iron diselenide (FeSe) nanoparticles by in situ polymerization, and the Fe-S bonds are meanwhile formed at the interface of FeSe and PEDOT.

Enhancing the reversibility of the chemical evolution of the Ni-rich LiNiCoMnO cathode a simple pre-oxidation process.

For developing commercially viable LiNiMnCoO (NCM), it is necessary to alleviate the irreversible chemical process upon Li-ion insertion/extraction, which primarily accounts for prevailing capacity loss, impedance buildup as well as low columbic efficiency. To resolve this issue, we herein propose a simple but novel method to alter the chemical composition by a facile treatment of HO, which remarkably reduces the cation mixing of Li/Ni and residual lithium on the cathode. The tailored composition contributes great resistance to the structural reconstruction and enhancement in structural reversibility, as shown by Raman and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) results.

Performance of the Cement Grouting Material and Optimization of the Mix Proportion for the Free Section of the Prestressed Anchor Bar.

Increasing the water-cement ratio and water-reducer dosage of cement slurry enhances its fluidity. However, a high water-cement ratio diminishes the beneficial effects of water reducers on fluidity. The stone content of the slurry decreases as the water-reducer dosage increases.

Revealing the aging process of solid electrolyte interphase on SiO anode.

As one of the most promising alternatives to graphite negative electrodes, silicon oxide (SiO) has been hindered by its fast capacity fading. Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) aging on silicon SiO has been recognized as the most critical yet least understood facet. Herein, leveraging 3D focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) tomographic imaging, we reveal an exceptionally characteristic SEI microstructure with an incompact inner region and a dense outer region, which overturns the prevailing belief that SEIs are homogeneous structure and reveals the SEI evolution process.

Ground Radioactivity Distribution Reconstruction and Dose Rate Estimation Based on Spectrum Deconvolution.

Estimating the gamma dose rate at one meter above ground level and determining the distribution of radioactive pollution from aerial radiation monitoring data are the core technical issues of unmanned aerial vehicle nuclear radiation monitoring. In this paper, a reconstruction algorithm of the ground radioactivity distribution based on spectral deconvolution was proposed for the problem of regional surface source radioactivity distribution reconstruction and dose rate estimation. The algorithm estimates unknown radioactive nuclide types and their distributions using spectrum deconvolution and introduces energy windows to improve the accuracy of the deconvolution results, achieving accurate reconstruction of multiple continuous distribution radioactive nuclides and their distributions, as well as dose rate estimation of one meter above ground level.

The Loading of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Bovine Serum Albumin and Pullulan-Based Nanoparticles as Effective Antioxidant.

Due to its poor stability and rapid metabolism, the biological activity and absorption of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is limited. In this work, EGCG-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA)/pullulan (PUL) nanoparticles (BPENs) were successfully fabricated via self-assembly. This assembly was driven by hydrogen bonding, which provided the desired EGCG loading efficiency, high stability, and a strong antioxidant capacity.

Specific Enriched Acinetobacter in Weevil Gut Facilitate the Degradation of Tea Saponin: Inferred from Bacterial Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses.

Beneficial gut bacteria can enhance herbivorous arthropod adaptation to plant secondary compounds (PSMs), and specialist herbivores provide excellent examples of this. Tea saponin (TS) of is triterpenoids toxic to seed-feeding weevil pest, (CW). Previous studies disclosed that Acinetobacter, which was specific enriched in the CW's gut, was involved in helping CW evade TS toxicity of .

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan-Pea Protein Isolate Nanoparticles.

Chitosan (CS) and pea protein isolate (PPI) were used as raw materials to prepare nanoparticles. The structures and functional properties of the nanoparticles with three ratios (1:1, 1:2 1:3, CS:PPI) were evaluated. The particle sizes of chitosan-pea protein isolate (CS-PPI) nanoparticles with the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 were 802.

Soil-derived bacteria endow Camellia weevil with more ability to resist plant chemical defense.

Background: Herbivorous insects acquire their gut microbiota from diverse sources, and these microorganisms play significant roles in insect hosts' tolerance to plant secondary defensive compounds. Camellia weevil (Curculio chinensis) (CW) is an obligate seed parasite of Camellia oleifera plants. Our previous study linked the CW's gut microbiome to the tolerance of the tea saponin (TS) in C.

Bio-Inspired Binder Design for a Robust Conductive Network in Silicon-Based Anodes.

Due to the severe volume variations during electrochemical processes, Si-based anodes suffer from poor cycling performance as the result of a collapsed conductive network. In this regard, a key strategy for fully exploiting the capacity potential of Si-based anodes is to construct a robust conductive network through rational binder design. In this work, a bio-inspired conductive binder (PFPQDA) is designed by introducing dopamine-functionalized fluorene structure units (DA) into a conductivity enhanced polyfluorene-typed copolymer (PFPQ) to enhance its mechanical properties.

Two Apriona Species Sharing a Host Niche Have Different Gut Microbiome Diversity.

The adaptability of herbivorous insects to toxic plant defense compounds is partly related to the structure of the gut microbiome. To overcome plant resistance, the insect gut microbiome should respond to a wide range of allelochemicals derived from dietary niches. Nevertheless, for sibling herbivorous insect species, whether the gut microbiome contributes to success in food niche competition is unclear.

Density-Dependent Growth and Fitness in (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae).

The ectoparasitoid Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) is an important natural enemy insect, which is artificially mass-reared and released into woodland to control medium and large longhorn beetle species. This study examined the developmental duration (days) of larvae and adult fitness (including numbers of adults emerging per host and mean body size) by exposing a single substitute host, a pupa of (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), to different densities of larvae. We showed that there was no significant effect on the rate of successful parasitism and cocoon formation, but emergence success and measures of individual adult body size (length, width, and weight) declined with increasing larval density.

A novel glucose sensor based on monodispersed Ni/Al layered double hydroxide and chitosan.

A novel cheap and simple amperometric glucose biosensor, based on the electrode modified with the Ni/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoflakes and chitosan (CHT), without glucose oxidase, is presented. The glucose biosensor based on monodispersed high active Ni/Al-LDH nanoflakes and CHT exhibits an appropriate linear range of 0.01-10mM and good operational stability.