Cognitive decline and white matter changes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Noninvasive imaging plays a pivotal role in assessing the brain structural and functional changes in presurgical mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients. Our goal was to study the relationship between the changes of cerebral white matter (WM) and cognitive functions in MTLE patients.Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) MRI were performed on 24 right-handed MTLE patients (12 with left MTLE and 12 with right MTLE) and 12 matching healthy controls.

Hordenine: A Novel Quorum Sensing Inhibitor and Antibiofilm Agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity of hordenine from sprouting barley against foodborne pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated for the first time here. At concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.

Structural and functional connectivity in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury survivors often experience cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying specific impairments are not fully understood. Advances in neuroimaging techniques (such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI) have given us new insights on structural and functional connectivity patterns of the human brain in both health and disease.

Neuropsychological outcomes of subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy via a small craniotomy.

OBJECT The objectives of this study were to describe a novel minimal-access subtemporal approach for selective resection of the amygdala and hippocampus in patients with medically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) due to hippocampal sclerosis, and to analyze the related outcomes. METHODS The authors analyzed data from all cases involving patients with unilateral MTLE due to hippocampal sclerosis who were treated with selective amygdalohippocampectomy via the posterior subtemporal approach through a relatively small craniotomy, without a neuronavigation system, at their institution during the period from September 2010 to September 2012. Data were obtained on baseline characteristics, preoperative evaluations of unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis, surgical complications, and Engel class seizure outcomes.

Keyhole epilepsy surgery: corticoamygdalohippocampectomy for mesial temporal sclerosis.

Surgical approaches for medically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) that previously have been reported include anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL), transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy, transsylvian amygdalohippocampectomy, and subtemporal amygdalohippocampectomy. Each approach has its advantages and potential pitfalls. The purpose of this report is to describe our technique of keyhole corticoamygdalohippocampectomy for patients with MTLE due to hippocampal sclerosis.

Epithelial mesenchymal transition of non-small-cell lung cancer cells A549 induced by SPHK1.

Objective: To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of SPHK1 in the invasion and metastasis process of non-small-cell lung cancer cells (A549).

Methods: Recombinant retrovirus was used to mediate the production of A549/vector, A549/SPHK1, A549/scramble, and A549/SPHKl/RNAi that stably expressed or silenced SPHK1. The invasion and migration capacities of A549 cells overexpressing or silencing SPHK1 were determined using Transwell invasion assay and scratch wound repair experiment.

Long-term epilepsy surgery outcomes in patients with PET-positive, MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy.

This study compared the long-term efficacy of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for the treatment of medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in patients who presented with ipsilateral temporal PET hypometabolism and nonlesional magnetic resonance imaging (PET+/MRI-) with that in patients who had mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) on MRI. We described the electroclinical, MRI, PET, and pathological characteristics and seizure outcome of 28 PET+/MRI--patients without discordant ictal and interictal electroencephalography (EEG) who underwent ATL (2004-2007) for medically refractory partial epilepsy while avoiding intracranial monitoring. The primary outcome was the percentages of Engel Class I outcomes at 2 and 5 years of PET+/MRI--patients compared with those of patients with MTS on MRI; neuropsychological testing was used as the secondary outcome.

Intractable occipital lobe epilepsy: clinical characteristics, surgical treatment, and a systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: We reported our experience in the surgical treatment of a relatively large cohort of patients with occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). We also carried out a systematic review of the literature on OLE.

Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients who underwent occipital resection for epilepsy were included.

Intracranial electroencephalography with subdural and/or depth electrodes in children with epilepsy: techniques, complications, and outcomes.

Intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring with subdural and/or depth electrodes is widely used for the surgical localization of epileptic foci in patients with intractable partial epilepsy; however, data on safety and surgical outcome with this technique are still inadequate. The aims of this study were to assess the morbidity of intracranial recordings and the surgical outcomes in epileptic children. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data for 137 children with epilepsy (mean age at implantation: 12.

Disconnective surgery in posterior quadrantic epilepsy: a series of 12 paediatric patients.

Aim: To assess the surgical outcomes of temporo-parieto-occipital (TPO) and parieto-occipital (PO) disconnection surgery for children with intractable posterior quadrantic epilepsy and a unilateral posterior quadrant lesion based on MRI and functional imaging abnormality in the TPO region on one side.

Methods: A retrospective review of data of 12 children who underwent TPO or PO disconnective surgery was carried out from September 2009 to September 2012. Three-dimensional surface reconstructions of MRI scans and intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring were used during surgery.

Outcome after anterior callosal section that spares the splenium in pediatric patients with drop attacks.

We report on the efficacy and safety of extended, one-stage anterior callosal section that spares the splenium, which is performed in a large series of pediatric patients with drop attacks. Twenty-nine pediatric patients with drop attacks were studied (19 males and 10 females; mean age: 9.9 years).

[The influence of contraction modes on the phosphorylation of p38/Akt].

Objective: Muscle contraction may prompt glucose uptake through non-insulin-dependent ways, and it may be due to the enhanced activation of key proteins known to regulate glucose metabolism, like p38 and Akt. Our experiment focused on the impact of different contraction modes on the phosphorylation of the molecules, thus to explore effective ways to lower blood glucose.

Methods: Isolated muscle strips perfusion technique and Western blot analysis were employed to investigate the influence of different modes of contraction on the activation of the molecules.

[Impact of gastric bypass surgery on body fat distribution in patients with metabolic syndrome].

Objective: To evaluate the changes in body fat distribution after gastric bypass in gastric cancer patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: From July 2009 to February 2010, 26 patients with gastric cancer and concurrent metabolic syndrome were prospectively enrolled and underwent gastric bypass surgery at the Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command. Body mass index(BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, insulin and insulin resistance index were measured before operation and at postoperative 1, 4, 12, 24, 48 weeks.

Pitfalls in positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging: causes and their classifications.

Objective: To describe the pitfalls in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging and classify them according to the principles of their generation.

Methods: We summarized retrospectively the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDP) PET/CT imaging pitfalls through reviewing the PET/CT images of 872 patients. The pitfalls were divided into artifacts and infrequent physiological uptake, and the artifacts were further classified according to their causes.

[Hemodynamic study of primary hepatocellular carcinoma evolved from viral-induced cirrhosis using CT perfusion imaging].

Objective: To investigate the hemodynamic changes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) evolved from hepatic cirrhosis using CT perfusion imaging.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma evolved from virus-induced fibrosis or cirrhosis underwent dynamic CT scanning of the target slices for 60 min. The perfusion parameters of the hepatic parenchyma and HCC including the blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), permeability-surface area product (PS), hepatic arterial fraction (HAF), IRF time of arrival (IRF TO) were obtained.

Adenoviral transfer of human interleukin-10 gene in lethal pancreatitis.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of adenoviral-vector-delivered human interleukin-10 (hIL-10) gene on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats.

Methods: Healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with adenoviral IL-10 gene (AdvhIL-10), empty vector (Adv0) or PBS solution. Blood, liver, pancreas and lung were harvested on the second day to examine hIL-10 level by ELISA and serum amylase by enzymatic assay.

Correlation of CT enhancement, tumor angiogenesis and pathologic grading of pancreatic carcinoma.

Aim: To study the correlation between pancreatic phase CT enhancement, intratumor microvessel density (MVD) and pathologic grading of pancreatic carcinoma and to evaluate the relationship between the degrees of CT enhancement and malignancy of pancreatic carcinoma.

Methods: Thirty four patients with pancreatic carcinoma underwent CT scanning before resection. The enhancement degrees and forms of tumor were observed in pancreatic phase.