[Rose roxburghii polysaccharide-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer DU145 cells by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and antioxidant effects].

Based on the signaling pathway of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), pathway-related phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX), the mechanism of Rose roxburghii polysaccharides in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer DU145 cells was explored, as well as the antioxidant activity of R. roxburghii polysaccharides. Prostate cancer DU145 cells were treated with different concentrations of R.

Progesterone modulates cell growth via integrin αvβ3-dependent pathway in progesterone receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 cells.

Progesterone (P) plays a pivotal role in regulating the cancer progression of various types, including breast cancer, primarily through its interaction with the P receptor (PR). In PR-negative breast cancer cells, P appears to function in mediating cancer progression, such as cell growth. However, the mechanisms underlying the roles of P in PR-negative breast cancer cells remain incompletely understood.

Substance Addiction Rehabilitation Drugs.

The relapse rate of substance abusers is high, and addiction rehabilitation adjunct drugs need to be developed urgently. There have been numerous reports on blocking the formation of substance addiction, but studies on drugs that can alleviate withdrawal symptoms are very limited. Both the dopamine transporter (DAT) hypothesis and D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) hypothesis are proposed.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 cross-react with human muscle cells and neuroglial cells.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines protect the public and limit viral spread. However, inactivated viral vaccines use the whole virus particle, which contains many non-capsid proteins that may cause adverse immune responses. A report has found that the ADP-ribose-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3 (NSP3) and human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14 (PARP14) share a significant degree of homology.

Dopamine D2 receptors in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex modulate social hierarchy in male mice.

Social hierarchy greatly influences behavior and health. Both human and animal studies have signaled the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as specifically related to social hierarchy. Dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) and D2 receptors (D2Rs) are abundantly expressed in the mPFC, modulating its functions.

Lactose and Galactose Promote the Crystallization of Human Galectin-10.

Galectin-10 (Gal-10) forms Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs), which play a key role in the symptoms of asthma and allergies and some other diseases. Gal-10 has a carbohydrate-binding site; however, neither the Gal-10 dimer nor the CLCs can bind sugars. To investigate the monomer-dimer equilibrium of Gal-10, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) was employed to separate serial dilutions of Gal-10 with and without carbohydrates.

Increased Lactobacillus Abundance Contributes to Stress Resilience in Mice Exposed to Chronic Social Defeat Stress.

Introduction: Accumulating evidence indicates that abnormalities in the composition of gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota play a vital role in stress-related disorders. Both human beings and animals perceive stressful events differently, i.e.

Sex pheromone communication in an insect parasitoid, Uchida.

Sex pheromones are pivotal for insect reproduction. However, the mechanism of sex pheromone communication remains enigmatic in hymenopteran parasitoids. Here we have identified the sex pheromone and elucidated the olfactory basis of sex pheromone communication in (Ichneumonidae), a solitary larval endoparasitoid of over 30 lepidopteran pests.

Thyroid Hormone Induces Oral Cancer Growth via the PD-L1-Dependent Signaling Pathway.

Oral cancer is a fatal disease, and its incidence in Taiwan is increasing. Thyroid hormone as L-thyroxine (T) stimulates cancer cell proliferation via a receptor on integrin αvβ3 of plasma membranes. It also induces the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cell proliferation in cancer cells.

2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2--β-D-Glucoside improves female ovarian aging.

Reduced fertility associated with normal aging may reflect the over-maturity of oocytes. It is increasingly important to reduce aging-induced infertility since recent trends show people marrying at later ages. 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2--β-D-glucoside (THSG), a polyphenol extracted from , has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties.

Heteronemin and Tetrac Induce Anti-Proliferation by Blocking EGFR-Mediated Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Overexpressed EGFR and mutant play vital roles in therapeutic resistance in colorectal cancer patients. To search for an effective therapeutic protocol is an urgent task. A secondary metabolite in the sponge sp.

Sniffing of Body Odors and Individual Significance of Olfaction Are Associated with Sexual Desire: A Cross-Cultural Study in China, India, and the USA.

Olfactory sensations contribute to sexual desire and sexual behavior. However, the degree to which individual importance of olfactory function and body odors relate to sexual desire is not known. This study was conducted to preliminarily examine these relationships among Chinese college students (N = 1903) via the Importance of Olfaction Questionnaire, the Body Odor Sniffing Questionnaire, and the Sexual Desire Inventory, which were used to measure subjective significance of olfaction, frequency of sniffing self or others, and sexual desire, respectively.

Do you often sniff yourself or others? Development of the Body Odor Sniffing Questionnaire and a cross-cultural survey in China and the USA.

Objectives: Body odor can convey much information about an individual and thus we frequently engage in sniffing one's own and other people's body odor. However, there is scarce evidence on the within- and cross-cultural variation in body odor sniffing behaviors and no psychometric scale for specifically measuring such behaviors. Hence, our study aimed to develop the Body Odor Sniffing Questionnaire (BOSQ) and used it to make a cross-cultural comparison.

Toxicologic Concerns with Current Medical Nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is one of the scientific advances in technology. Nanoparticles (NPs) are small materials ranging from 1 to 100 nm. When the shape of the supplied nanoparticles changes, the physiological response of the cells can be very different.

The power of heteronemin in cancers.

Heteronemin (Haimian jing) is a sesterterpenoid-type natural marine product that is isolated from sponges and has anticancer properties. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation via different mechanisms, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis as well as proliferative gene changes in various types of cancers. Recently, the novel structure and bioactivity evaluation of heteronemin has received extensive attention.

Abuse of amantadine in poultry may be associated with higher fatality rate of H5N1 infections in humans.

Amantadine, an antiviral drug, has been widely used in human anti-influenza treatments. However, several highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses show amantadine-resistance mutations in the viral matrix 2 (M2) protein. Here we analyzed global H5N1 sequencing data and calculate possible correlations between frequencies of key mutations in M2 and the mortality rates.

Heteronemin and tetrac derivatives suppress non-small cell lung cancer growth via ERK1/2 inhibition.

The most common cancer, lung cancer, causes deaths worldwide. Most lung cancer patients have non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) with a poor prognosis. The chemotherapies frequently cause resistance therefore search for new effective drugs for NSCLC patients is an urgent and essential issue.

mGlu2/3 receptors within the ventral part of the lateral septal nuclei modulate stress resilience and vulnerability in mice.

Resilience refers to the ability to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions. Identification of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying resilience offers a novel way to the prevention and treatment of stress-induced psychiatric disorders such as depression. The septal nuclei have been described as an important node in emotional regulations.