ICA1 affects APP processing through the PICK1-PKCα signaling pathway.

Aims: Islet cell autoantigen 1 (ICA1) is involved in autoimmune diseases and may affect synaptic plasticity as a neurotransmitter. Databases related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown decreased ICA1 expression in patients with AD. However, the role of ICA1 in AD remains unclear.

Evodiamine inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells by blocking PI3K/Akt signaling.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common non-hematologic primary malignancy of bone, and multiple chemotherapeutic agents have been applied in the treatment of OS for over 40 years. Nevertheless, due to the poor prognosis of OS, it is essential to develop a novel treatment strategy. Evodiamine (EVO), a quinolone alkaloid extracted from the fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor cell proliferation.

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mice.

Aim: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol in green tea. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG on insulin resistance and insulin clearance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice.

Methods: Mice were fed on a high-fat diet for 24 weeks.

Oridonin inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

It has been reported that oridonin (ORI) can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in various types of cancer cell lines. However, the exact mechanism for this function remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the proliferation inhibitory effect of ORI on human osteosarcoma (OS) 143B cells and dissected the possible molecular mechanism(s) underlying this effect.

The PTEN/PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are involved in the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on human colon cancer cell proliferation.

Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the treatments for colon cancer have been developed substantially in the last decades, but there is still a great clinical need to explore new treatment regimens due to the undesirable prognosis. In this investigation, we demonstrated the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of resveratrol (Res) in human colon cancer cells, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. We used crystal violet staining, flow cytometry and western blotting to validate the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of Res on HCT116 cells.

Experimental validations of in vivo human musculoskeletal tissue conductivity images using MR-based electrical impedance tomography.

Magnetic resonance (MR)-based electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) is a widely used imaging technique that provides high-resolution conductivity images at DC or below the 1 kHz frequency range. Using an MR scanner, this technique injects imaging currents into the human body and measures induced internal magnetic flux density data. By applying the recent progress of MREIT techniques, such as chemical shift artifact correction, multi-echo pulse sequence, and improved reconstruction algorithm, we can successfully reconstruct conductivity images of the human body.

[Clinical survey and analysis of persistent submacular fluid on optical coherence tomography after surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment].

Objective: To investigate the incidence, duration and consequences of persistent submacular fluid after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckling surgery (SB) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, thus to explore the clinical association between persistent SMF and different surgical methods, and simultaneously, to study the effect of persistent submacular fluid on visual outcome.

Methods: It was a retrospective case-series study. Ninety-two qualified eyes including 54 eyes of males and 38 eyes of females with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment which had been performed PPV or SB were recruited.

Numerical simulations of MREIT conductivity imaging for brain tumor detection.

Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) is a new modality capable of imaging the electrical properties of human body using MRI phase information in conjunction with external current injection. Recent in vivo animal and human MREIT studies have revealed unique conductivity contrasts related to different physiological and pathological conditions of tissues or organs. When performing in vivo brain imaging, small imaging currents must be injected so as not to stimulate peripheral nerves in the skin, while delivery of imaging currents to the brain is relatively small due to the skull's low conductivity.

[Study of retinal damage in rabbit eyes induced by air infusion during vitrectomy].

Objective: To investigate the histologic and physiologic changes in rabbit retina damaged by infusion air and to explore the mechanism of vision defects after vitreoretinal surgery.

Methods: Twenty four pigmented rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of eight each, a standard three port vitrectomy followed by fluid-air exchange was performed in 16 eyes, humidified air was infused with an air pressure of 25 or 40 mm Hg and then the vitreous cavity was refilled with balanced salt solution. As a control, vitrectomy without fluid-air exchange was performed in the remaining eight eyes.

[Posterior vitreous detachment induced by intravitreal injection of the combination of chondroitinase ABC and matrix metalloproteinase-3].

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of enzymatic induction of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) by the combination of Chondroitinase ABC (CA) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), so as to seek a noninvasive and effective pharmacologic approach to facilitate and eventually replace the present mechanical vitreous surgery.

Methods: Twenty-four pigmented rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups of twelve each, the experimental group was treated with CA (0.2 U) and MMP-3 (10 ng) combination, the control group was received equivalent dose of balanced salt solution (BSS).