4D label-free proteomic analysis reveals key potential pathways of Toxoplasma invasion into the central nervous system.

Toxoplasma gondii is a successful parasite capable of infecting a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including people, livestock, and wildlife. In individuals with intact immune function, T. gondii can invade the host brain tissue by altering the blood-brain barrier permeability, leading to chronic infection.

Differential transcriptome study on the damage of testicular tissues caused by chronic infection of T. gondii in mice.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that is widely distributed in humans and warm-blooded animals. T. gondii chronic infections can cause toxoplasmic encephalopathy, adverse pregnancy, and male reproductive disorders.

The opposing effect of acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection on tumor development.

Background: The interplay between Toxoplasma gondii infection and tumor development is intriguing and not yet fully understood. Some studies showed that T. gondii reversed tumor immune suppression, while some reported the opposite, stating that T.

Deciphering the epidemiological dynamics: seroprevalence in mainland China's food animals, 2010-2023.

Background: () is a significant protozoan pathogen among food animals. Despite the threat to public health by infections, there's limited understanding of its seroprevalence and trends in food animals across mainland China. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of infections among swine, sheep, goats, chickens, and cattle in mainland China from 2010 to 2023.

Pseudorabies gD protein protects mice and piglets against lethal doses of pseudorabies virus.

Introduction: Pseudorabies (PR) is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV), which can cause disease in a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Studies have shown that new mutant strains have emerged in pig farms in many regions and that commercial inactivated and live attenuated vaccines are becoming less effective at protecting pigs.

Methods: Porcine pseudorabies glycoprotein D (gD) gene (GenBank: QEY95774.

SARS-CoV-2: An Updated Review Highlighting Its Evolution and Treatments.

Since the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, pharmaceutical companies and researchers worldwide have worked hard to develop vaccines and drugs to end the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The potential pathogen responsible for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, belongs to a novel lineage of beta coronaviruses in the subgenus arbovirus. Antiviral drugs, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines are effective treatments for SARS-CoV-2 and are beneficial in preventing infection.

Insight into the current DNA vaccine: a review article.

Introduction: is a widespread protozoan with significant economic losses and public health importance. But so far, the protective effect of reported DNA-based vaccines fluctuates widely, and no study has demonstrated complete protection.

Areas Covered: This review provides an inclusive summary of DNA vaccine antigens, adjuvants, and some other parameters.

Detection of a novel strain in Java ticks () and the hosts Malayan pangolin () and Chinese pangolin ().

Pangolins are endangered animals and are listed in the CITES Appendix I of the Convention International Trade Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora as well as being the national first-level protected wild animal in China. Based on a few reports on pangolins infected with pestiviruses of the Flaviviridae family, infections in pangolins have attracted increasing attention. Pangolin pestivirus is a pathogen that may cause diseases such as acute diarrhea and acute hemorrhagic syndrome.

Four Chemotherapeutic Compounds That Limit Blood-Brain-Barrier Invasion by .

Background: , an intracellular protozoan parasite, exists in the host brain as cysts, which can result in Toxoplasmic Encephalitis (TE) and neurological diseases. However, few studies have been conducted on TE, particularly on how to prevent it. Previous proteomics studies have showed that the expression of C3 in rat brains was up-regulated after infection.

A Novel Mechanical-Based Injective Hydrogel for Treatment with Aromatase Inhibitors Caused Joint Inflammation via the NF-κB Pathway.

Synovium has widely participated in induced inflammation, suggesting that it is a potential target to reduce aromatase inhibitors (AIs) causing joint inflammation or pain. Exercise and mechanical stimulation are important strategies for precaution and treatment of bone inflammation. In this work, we developed a novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel, which could be injected intra-articularly.

Transcriptome Analysis of Testes and Uterus: Reproductive Dysfunction Induced by in Mice.

() infection in female mammals during pregnancy can result in poor pregnancy. Similarly, it can result in male reproductive disorders in male mammals. Although the testes and uterus have very different biological makeup, they are still both attacked by resulting in reproductive dysfunctions.

A Transcriptome Analysis: Various Reasons of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Caused by Acute Infection.

Background: () is an obligate intracellular parasite, which can affect the pregnancy outcomes in infected females by damaging the uterus, and the intrauterine environment as well as and the hypothalamus resulting in hormonal imbalance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the parasite-induced poor pregnancy outcomes and the key genes regulating these mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the gene expression in the mouse's uterus following experimentally-induced acute infection with RH strain.

Transcriptomic analysis of reproductive damage in the epididymis of male Kunming mice induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii PRU strain.

Background: Some researchers have reported that Toxoplasma gondii can cause serious reproductive impairment in male animals. Specifically, T. gondii destroy the quality of sperm in the epididymis, which affects their sexual ability.

A Double-Edged Sword: Complement Component 3 in Toxoplasma gondii Infection.

Sprague Dawley rats and Kunming (KM) mice are artificially infected with type II Toxoplasma gondii strain Prugniaud (Pru) to generate toxoplasmosis, which is a fatal disease mediated by T. gondii invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by unknown mechanisms. The aim is to explore the mechanism of differential susceptibility of mice and rats to T.

Immuno-efficacy of DNA vaccines encoding PLP1 and ROP18 against experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice.

We constructed a new plasmid pIRESneo/ROP18/PLP1 that was injected intramuscularly into Kunming mice to evaluate its immune efficacy. The immunized mice exhibited significantly increased serum IgG2a levels, lymphocyte counts and Th1-type cytokine (IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ) levels. Moreover, the immunized mice exhibited longer survival times (44.

Veterinary parasitology teaching in China in the 21st century - Challenges, opportunities and perspectives.

China has made significant achievements in social-economic development in the last three decades, and the numbers of livestock and companion animals are rapidly increasing. Some advances have been made in the control and prevention of animal parasitic diseases, but there are still some significant challenges, particularly in relation to foodborne parasitic zoonoses and vector-borne diseases. In addition, new molecular (e.

iTRAQ-based differential proteomic analysis in Mongolian gerbil brains chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii.

Unlabelled: The aim of our study was to detect differentially regulated proteins and specific signaling pathways in Mongolian gerbil brains during chronic Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) PRU strain infection. We use a iTRAQ-based strategy to detecte 4935 proteins, out of which 110 proteins were differentially expressed (>/=2.