Sulfonyl Radical-Induced Regioselective Cyclization of Enamide-Olefin To Form Sulfonylated 6-7-Membered Cyclic Enamines.

Remarkable progress has been made in the radical cascade cyclization of heteroaryl- or aryl-tethered alkenes to construct benzene-fused frameworks via the cracking of aryl C-H bonds. In contrast, the radical cascade cyclization of linear dienes through the cracking of vinyl C-H bonds to construct nonbenzene-fused ring frameworks with endocyclic double bonds has significantly lagged behind, and major advances have largely been restricted to the generation of 5-membered heterocycles, such as pyrrolinones. Herein, we report the silver-mediated regioselective sulfonylation-cyclization of linear dienes with sodium sulfinates to form sulfonylated 6- and 7-membered cyclic enamines.

The positive role of transforming growth factor-β1 in ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is one of the most disabling and fatal diseases around the world. The damaged brain tissues will undergo excessive autophagy, vascular endothelial cells injury, blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment and neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke. However, there is no unified viewpoint on the underlying mechanism of brain damage.

[Expert consensus on clinical drug prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(2022)].

With the in-depth understanding of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH), and more and more patients seeking medical treatment in the early stage of the disease, surgical treatment of femoral head necrosis alone is no longer sufficient for the current treatment of patients' demand, how to rationally and effectively apply drugs to strengthen the early prevention and treatment of femoral head necrosis and delay the progression of disease is becoming more and more important. This article combines the latest expert consensus and evidence-based medical evidence on the principles of ONFH diagnosis and treatment in Chinese and Western medicine at home and abroad, combined with domestic actual clinical application experience, and is organized by experts from Association Related to Circulation Osseous Chinese Microcirculation Society (CSM-ARCO) to write this consensus, focusing on the types of ONFH drugs, the characteristics, safety, rationality and basic principles of drug use provide reference opinions for the safe, reasonable, standardized and effective drug use of medical institutions at all levels. This consensus is only an expert guideline based on literature and clinical experience, not as a requirement for mandatory implementation, let alone as a legal basis.

The Pathological Mechanism of Neuronal Autophagy-Lysosome Dysfunction After Ischemic Stroke.

The abnormal initiation of autophagy flux in neurons after ischemic stroke caused dysfunction of autophagy-lysosome, which not only led to autophagy flux blockage, but also resulted in autophagic death of neurons. However, the pathological mechanism of neuronal autophagy-lysosome dysfunction did not form a unified viewpoint until now. In this review, taking the autophagy lysosomal dysfunction of neurons as a starting point, we summarized the molecular mechanisms that led to neuronal autophagy lysosomal dysfunction after ischemic stroke, which would provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.

The Efficacy of Pretreatment F-FDG PET-CT-Based Deep Learning Network Structure to Predict Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the 5-year survival rates of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were still not ideal despite great improvement in NPC treatments. To achieve individualized treatment of NPC, we have been looking for novel models to predict the prognosis of patients with NPC. The objective of this study was to use a novel deep learning network structural model to predict the prognosis of patients with NPC and to compare it with the traditional PET-CT model combining metabolic parameters and clinical factors.

Sleep deprivation leads to further impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity by suppressing melatonin secretion in the pineal gland of chronically unpredictable stress rats.

There has been ample research showing that insomnia is a potential trigger of depression as well as a symptom of depression. These two factors contribute to behavioural problems and are closely related to the plasticity of hippocampal synapses. Although depression and insomnia impair hippocampal synaptic plasticity, the mechanism by which this happens remains a mystery.

Reliability and Repeatability of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Typing Classification for Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the interobserver reliability and intraobserver repeatability of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) typing classification system for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Methods: Image data of 50 hips were randomly selected in 289 patients (433 hips) with ONFH who underwent treatment in the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from 2012 to 2016. Bilateral hip plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computerized tomography (CT) were performed in all hips.

[Yishen Tonglong Decoction inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Ras/ERK signaling pathway in human prostate cancer DU-145 cells].

Objective: To observe the effect of Yishen Tonglong Decoction (YTD) on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Ras/ERK signaling pathway in human PCa DU-145 cells and explore its action mechanism.

Methods: We treated human PCa DU-145 cells with normal plasma (the blank control) or plasma containing 5% (low-dose), 10% (medium-dose) and 15% (high-dose) YTD. After intervention, we examined the proliferation of the DU-145 cells in different groups with CCK-8 and their apoptosis by Annexin V/PI double staining.

GR/NF-κB signaling pathway regulates hippocampal inflammatory responses in diabetic rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Clinical studies have shown that diabetes can present with underlying depression, and a combination of the two can lead to emotional, memory and cognitive disorders, closely associated with hippocampal neuroinflammation. However, the mechanism underlying the development of hippocampal neuroinflammation under the above condition remains elusive. The aims of this study were to explore the pathogenesis of diabetes combined with depression, and the effect of dexamethasone (Dex), a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist, on hippocampal neuroinflammation in diabetic rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).

Pericollapse Stage of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Last Chance for Joint Preservation.

Objective: To propose a new definition of the pericollapse stage of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and review its significance in disease diagnosis and treatment selection.

Data Sources: A search for eligible studies was conducted in three electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase up to August 10, 2018, using the following keywords: "osteonecrosis", "prognosis", and "treatment".

Study Selection: Investigations appraising the clinical signs, symptoms, and imaging manifestations in different stages of ONFH were included.

Herbal Fufang Xian Ling Gu Bao prevents corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head-A first multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background/objective: This is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal Fufang Xian Ling Gu Bao (XLGB) with antiadipogenic compounds for the prevention of corticosteroid (CS)-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH).

Methods: Patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 65 years, with diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrosis, dermatosis and rheumatoid arthritis indicated for CS treatment and who did not show magnetic resonance imaging of ONFH at baseline were recruited into the study and then randomised into either XLGB group (n = 129) with daily oral administration of XLGB or placebo group (n = 146).

Results: Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a total of 30 ONFH cases at 6 months after CS treatment, with 6.

Investigating clinical failure of core decompression with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells grafting for the treatment of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical factors related to the failure of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells grafting (BMMCG) following core decompression (CD) in early stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Methods: In total, 148 patients (192 hips) underwent CD with autologous BMMCG for treatment of non-traumatic ONFH. The patients were classified by their ARCO staging and China-Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) typing system.

Corticosteroid-induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Earlier Stages.

Objective: This review aimed to provide a current recommendation to multidisciplinary physicians for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) based on a comprehensive analysis of the clinical literature.

Data Sources: For the purpose of collecting potentially eligible articles, we searched for articles in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI databases up to February 2017, using the following key words: "corticosteroid", "osteonecrosis of the femoral head", "risk factors", "diagnosis", "prognosis", and "treatment".

Study Selection: Articles on relationships between corticosteroid and ONFH were selected for this review.

Significance of Lateral Pillar in Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: A Finite Element Analysis.

Background: The lateral pillar of the femoral head is an important site for disease development such as osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The femoral head consists of medial, central, and lateral pillars. This study aimed to determine the biomechanical effects of early osteonecrosis in pillars of the femoral head via a finite element (FE) analysis.

Local Administration of Bisphosphonate-soaked Hydroxyapatite for the Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Rabbit.

Background: Systemic administration of bisphosphonates has shown promising results in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of local zoledronate (ZOL) administration in the treatment of ONFH. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether local administration of bisphosphonate-soaked hydroxyapatite (HA) could improve bone healing in an experimental rabbit model of ONFH.

Minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee.

Objective: To explore the outcome and surgical technique of minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with medial compartmental spontaneous osteonecrosis treated by minimally invasive Oxford phase 3 UKA from January 2009 to June 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Twelve subjects were men and 15 women, with an average age of 64.

Relationship between preservation of the lateral pillar and collapse of the femoral head in patients with osteonecrosis.

It is difficult to predict if and when the femoral head will collapse and whether the collapse can be minimized. This study examined the final outcome of early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) using magnetic resonance imaging to verify the relationship between preservation of the lateral pillar and collapse of the femoral head. A midcoronal section of the femoral head was divided into 3 pillars (medial, central, and lateral) on a T1-weighted image.

Rotational acetabular osteotomy through an Ollier lateral U approach for early-stage osteoarthritis secondary to acetabular dysplasia.

Objective: To explore the surgical technique and mid-term results of rotational acetabular osteotomy for early -stage osteoarthritis secondary to acetabular dysplasia.

Methods: Rotational acetabular osteotomies were performed on 14 hips of 12 patients from May 2000 to May 2006 and the patients followed up. All patients were female and their average age was 28.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head in SARS patients: seven years later.

This study is aimed to explore the progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (OFNH) in severe acute respiratory syndrome patients 7 years after steroid administration and to analyze factors affecting the prognosis. One-hundred and ninety hips in 117 patients with more than 7 years of follow-up were studied. The prevalence of progression to symptoms and collapse was determined.

Clinical analysis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head induced by steroids.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) induced by steroids.

Methods: From January 2000 to October 2009, 497 hips in 270 cases of ONFH induced by steroids were studied. A questionnaire was administered when the patients were admitted; the questions concerned the underlying disease, duration of steroid usage, total dosage of steroid, incubation period (time interval between commencement of steroid therapy and onset of pain), severity of pain, location of initial complaint, primary diagnosis, time lag from onset of pain to final diagnosis and physical signs when admitted.

Clinical diagnosis and arthroscopic treatment of acetabular labral tears.

Objective: To investigate the clinical diagnosis and arthroscopic treatment of acetabular labral tears.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with unilateral acetabular labral tears hospitalized from November 2008 to December 2009 were included in this retrospective study. A definitive diagnosis was made preoperatively on the basis of physical examination, plain radiography and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA).

Early and middle term results after surgical treatment for slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Objective: To evaluate the early and middle-term results of in situ single screw fixation and subtrochanteric osteotomy of the femur with external fixator for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

Methods: From June 1998 to July 2008, 11 patients (seven male [eight hips] and four female [four hips]) of average age 14.3 years (range, 9-18 years) were treated in our hospital.