Neurocritical Care Rapid Response Team Providing Critical Care Support During Mechanical Thrombectomy of Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke.

Background:  Acute ischemic stroke with medium and large vessel occlusion is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, in which timely intervention with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is crucial for restoring cerebral blood flow and improving patient outcomes. Effective analgosedation and hemodynamic management during MT are critical to patient outcomes and typically managed by anesthesia. Because of inconsistent anesthesia support at our institution, we implemented a dedicated neurocritical care rapid response team (NCC-RRT) to manage these aspects of care.

miR-18a-5p/PXR/SREBP2 Was Involved in MAFLD Associated With Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Among Petrol Station Workers.

Background: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously defined as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has been shown to be closely related to many environmental pollutants. Lately, we found methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a new environmental pollutant, could increase NAFLD risk in American adults, which still needs more population epidemiological studies to verify, and its pathogenic mechanism is not yet clear.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among petrol station workers, diagnosed their MAFLD according to internationally recognised diagnostic criteria, assessed the potential association of MTBE exposure with MAFLD risk, and explored the miR-18a-5p/PXR/SREBP2 pathway as possible pathogenic mechanisms in male Wistar rats and HepaRG cells treated with MTBE.

Plasma N-terminal tau fragment is an amyloid-dependent biomarker in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Novel fluid biomarkers for tracking neurodegeneration specific to Alzheimer's disease (AD) are greatly needed.

Methods: Using two independent well-characterized cohorts (n = 881 in total), we investigated the group differences in plasma N-terminal tau (NT1-tau) fragments across different AD stages and their association with cross-sectional and longitudinal amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline.

Results: Plasma NT1-tau significantly increased in symptomatic AD and displayed positive associations with Aβ PET (positron emission tomography) and tau PET.

[Retracted] Inhibition of neddylation modification by MLN4924 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors noticed that they had inadvertently included a duplication of the same data in Fig. 3C, portraying colony formation experiments, where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown, and requested that a corrigendum be published to present the data in this figure accurately. Having investigated this matter in the Editorial Office, however, additional panels of overlapping data were identified, comparing between Figs.

Lactobacillus gasseri prevents ibrutinib-associated atrial fibrillation through butyrate.

Ibrutinib, a widely used anti-cancer drug, is known to significantly increase the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation (AF). While it is recognized that drugs can reshape the gut microbiota, influencing both therapeutic effectiveness and adverse events, the role of gut microbiota in ibrutinib-induced AF remains largely unexplored. Utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fecal microbiota transplantation, metabonomics, electrophysiological examination, and molecular biology methodologies, we sought to validate the hypothesis that gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes ibrutinib-associated AF and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Surface Modification of 3D Biomimetic Shark Denticle Structures for Drag Reduction.

Shark skin features superhydrophilic and riblet-textured denticles that provide drag reduction, antifouling, and mechanical protection. The artificial riblet structures exhibit drag reduction capabilities in turbulent flow. However, the effects of the surface wettability of shark denticles and the cavity region underneath the denticle crown on drag reduction remain insufficiently explored.

Maternal ELL3 loss-of-function leads to oocyte aneuploidy and early miscarriage.

Up to an estimated 10% of women experience miscarriage in their lifetimes. Embryonic aneuploidy is a leading cause for miscarriage, infertility and congenital defects. Here we identify variants of ELL3, a gene encoding a transcription elongation factor, in couples who experienced consecutive early miscarriages due to embryonic aneuploidy.

Two novel SNPs Rs1736952 and Rs17354984 are highly associated with uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Noninfectious anterior uveitis shares genetic factors, including HLA-B27, with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aim of this study was to identify significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with noninfectious anterior uveitis in AS patients, which could help predict the risk of developing this condition and provide deeper insights into its genetic underpinnings.

Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted utilizing the genomic data of 468 AS patients, including 90 with noninfectious anterior uveitis and 378 without it, from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative.

Investigating the key principles in two-step heterogeneous transfer learning for early laryngeal cancer identification.

Data scarcity in medical images makes transfer learning a common approach in computer-aided diagnosis. Some disease classification tasks can rely on large homogeneous public datasets to train the transferred model, while others cannot, i.e.

Genetic analyses identify brain functional networks associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease and drug-induced parkinsonism.

Brain functional networks are associated with parkinsonism in observational studies. However, the causal effects between brain functional networks and parkinsonism remain unclear. We aimed to assess the potential bidirectional causal associations between 191 brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) phenotypes and parkinsonism including Parkinson's disease (PD) and drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP).

DNA-compatible one-pot synthesis of multi-substituted dihydrofuran pyridinium ylide-mediated cyclization.

Synthesis of chemically diverse heterocyclic scaffolds in DNA-encoded libraries is highly demanded. We herein reported a convenient one-pot multi-component on-DNA synthetic strategy to afford multi-substituted 2,3-dihydrofuran scaffolds pyridinium ylide-mediated cyclization. This reaction exhibited modest to excellent conversions for a broad range of DNA-conjugated aldehydes, β-ketonitriles and pyridinium salts under mild reaction conditions.

Higher Relapse Rate in HBeAg-negative Patients After Cessation of Tenofovir Alafenamide Compared to Entecavir or Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate.

Objectives: There is limited information comparing the off-therapy relapse rates of patients discontinued tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) to those stopping entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).

Methods: A total of 805 HBeAg-negative patients without cirrhosis receiving entecavir (n=406), TDF (n=260) or TAF (n=139) were enrolled. Propensity-score (PS) matching method was applied to eliminate the significant differences in clinical characteristics.

Analysis of HIV transmission characteristics and intervention effects in Guangxi based on molecular networks.

Objective: This study evaluates changes in HIV transmission and the effectiveness of interventions after two rounds of the Guangxi AIDS Conquering Project (GACP) in Guangxi, China.

Methods: Samples and epidemiological data from newly diagnosed people living with HIV (PLWH) between 2014-2020 were analyzed. Molecular networks were constructed using nested PCR amplification and sequencing of the pol region, and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with clustering and high-degree nodes.

Mitochondrial segmentation and function prediction in live-cell images with deep learning.

Mitochondrial morphology and function are intrinsically linked, indicating the opportunity to predict functions by analyzing morphological features in live-cell imaging. Herein, we introduce MoDL, a deep learning algorithm for mitochondrial image segmentation and function prediction. Trained on a dataset of 20,000 manually labeled mitochondria from super-resolution (SR) images, MoDL achieves superior segmentation accuracy, enabling comprehensive morphological analysis.

Recent Advances in Nontargeted Screening of Chemical Hazards in Foodstuffs.

The emergence of several chemical substances continues to enrich and facilitate the development of food science, but their irrational use also poses a threat to food safety and human health. Nontargeted screening (NTS) has become an important tool for rapid traceability and efficient identification of chemical hazards in food matrices. NTS in food analysis is highly integrated with sample pretreatment, instrumental analysis platforms, data acquisition and analysis, and toxicology.

Inhibiting miR-155-5p promotes proliferation of human submandibular gland epithelial cells in primary Sjogren's syndrome by negatively regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway PIK3R1.

Objectives: To investigate the mechanism mediating the regulatory effect of miR-155-5p on proliferation of human submandibular gland epithelial cells (HSGECs) in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).

Methods: Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-155-5p and the PI3K/AKT pathway. In a HSGEC model of pSS induced by simulation with TRAIL and INF-γ, the effects of miR-155-inhibitor-NC or miR-155 inhibitor on cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated using CKK8 assay, flow cytometry and colony formation assay.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 is associated with tumor microenvironment remodeling of bladder cancer.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) takes an essential part in the bladder cancer progression, which is associated with intercellular cross-talk between stroma cells and cancer. We aimed use bioinformatics tools to analyze tumor microenvironment remodeling in bladder cancer. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE are bioinformatics tools based on deconvolution for calculating proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and stromal components in TME.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals characteristic feature of macrophage reprogramming in liver Mallory-Denk bodies pathogenesis.

Chronic liver diseases are highly linked with mitochondrial dysfunction and macrophage infiltration. Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are protein aggregates associated with hepatic inflammation, and MDBs pathogenesis could be induced in mice by feeding 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). Here, we investigate the macrophage heterogeneity and the role of macrophage during MDBs pathogenesis on DDC-induced MDBs mouse model by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq).

Studies on the treatment of anaerobically digested sludge by white-rot fungi: evaluation of the effect of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor.

Background: The composition of anaerobically digested sludge is inherently complex, enriched with structurally complex organic compounds and nitrogenous constituents, which are refractory to biodegradation. These characteristics limit the subsequent rational utilization of resources from anaerobically digested sludge. White-rot fungi (WRF) have garnered significant research interest due to their exceptional capacity to degrade complex and recalcitrant organic pollutants.

Aloperine Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages and ApoE Mice.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis is a chronic cardiovascular disease which is regarded as one of the most common causes of death in the elderly. Recent evidence has shown that atherosclerotic patients can benefit by targeting interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Aloperine (ALO) is an alkaloid which is mainly isolated from L.

Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Reactions via Allene Intermediates for the Rapid Synthesis of a Fused Indenone-Indole Scaffold.

A palladium-catalyzed tandem reaction of 1-(2-iodophenyl)-3-arylprop-2-yn-1-ones and 1-(2-azidophenyl)propargyl ethers is developed to provide the rapid construction of a fused polycyclic indenone-indole scaffold under mild conditions. The reaction proceeds via a highly ordered process involving Sonogashira coupling, propargyl-allenyl isomerization, allene-azide cycloaddition, denitrogenation, and diradical coupling. The proposed reaction mechanism is supported by experimental and computational studies.

Informing Risk Hotspots and Critical Mitigations for Rainstorms Using Machine Learning: Evidence from 268 Chinese Cities.

Climate change is exacerbating rainstorms, increasing the risk of flooding and threatening urban sustainability, which could undermine climate action. Here, we propose a machine learning-based framework to assess heterogeneous risks and identify critical mitigation measures for rainstorms across 268 Chinese cities. Nighttime light serves as a proxy for urban functionality, and meteorological, socio-economic, and infrastructural factors are incorporated to uncover underlying impact mechanisms.

NIRFluor: A Deep Learning Platform for Rapid Screening of Small Molecule Near-Infrared Fluorophores with Desired Optical Properties.

Small molecule near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores play a critical role in disease diagnosis and early detection of various markers in living organisms. To accelerate their development and design, a deep learning platform, NIRFluor, was established to rapidly screen small molecule NIR fluorophores with the desired optical properties. The core component of NIRFluor is a state-of-the-art deep learning model trained on 5179 experimental big data.

Hybrid Membrane Biomimetic Photothermal Nanorobots for Enhanced Chemodynamic-Chemotherapy-Immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive and fatal brain tumor with a grim prognosis, where current treatment modalities, including postoperative radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy, yield a median survival of only 15 months. The challenges of tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and the blood-brain barrier necessitate innovative therapeutic approaches. This study introduces a strategy employing biomimetic magnetic nanorobots encapsulated with hybrid membranes derived from platelets and M1 macrophages to enhance blood-brain barrier penetration and target GBM.

Chitosan oligosaccharides ameliorates maternal diabetes-induced embryonic neural tube defects via inhibitting excessive pyroptosis of neuroepithelial cells.

Maternal diabetes significantly induces embryonic neural tube defects (NTDs). Thus, it is urgent need to further investigate the regulatory mechanism and therapeutic strategy for maternal diabetes-induced embryonic NTDs. Pyroptosis is a novel mode of programmed cell death.