The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Docetaxel-Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats for Local Chemotherapy Targeting Positive Surgical Margins in Prostate Cancer.

Positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy significantly contribute to tumor recurrence. While systemic chemotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy in this context, local chemotherapy drug delivery systems based on nanomaterials offer promising strategies to address this issue by modifying drug release kinetics and distribution, thereby enhancing antitumor effects while minimizing the toxicities associated with systemic chemotherapy. In this study, we utilized electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with docetaxel for sustained drug delivery.

AI-Driven Discovery of Highly Specific and Efficacious hCES2A Inhibitors for Ameliorating Irinotecan-Triggered Gut Toxicity.

The anticancer agent irinotecan often induces severe delayed-onset diarrhea, inhibiting human carboxylesterase 2A (hCES2A) can significantly alleviate irinotecan-triggered gut toxicity (ITGT). This work presents an efficient workflow for design and developing novel efficacious hCES2A inhibitors. A well-training machine learning model identified as a lead compound, while compound was developed as a novel time-dependent hCES2A inhibitor (IC = 0.

AJGM: Joint Learning of Heterogeneous Gene Networks with Adaptive Graphical Model.

Motivation: Inferring gene networks provides insights into biological pathways and functional relationships among genes. When gene expression samples exhibit heterogeneity, they may originate from unknown subtypes, prompting the utilization of mixture Gaussian graphical model for simultaneous subclassification and gene network inference. However, this method overlooks the heterogeneity of network relationships across subtypes and does not sufficiently emphasize shared relationships.

Sustainable Sulfonylation and Sulfenylation of Indoles with Thiols through Hexamolybdate/HO-Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenation Coupling.

Arylsulfonylindole and arylsulfenylindole motifs stand as privileged scaffolds in drug discovery. Traditional methods for synthesizing these molecules have relied mainly on prefunctionalized precursors, involving multistep processes and generating a large amount of waste. In this study, we present a modular protocol for the preparation of 3-sulfonylindoles and 3-sulfenylindoles using indoles and thiols as starting materials via hexamolybdate/HO-mediated oxidative dehydrogenative C-S coupling.

FAP-catalyzed in situ self-assembly of magnetic resonance imaging probe for early and precise staging of liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is an inevitable stage in the progression of most chronic liver diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis are crucial for effectively managing chronic liver conditions. However, there lacks a noninvasive and sensitive imaging method capable of early assessing fibrosis activity.

Research on the Dynamic Apparent Permeability of Shale: Coupling Anisotropic Deformation Characteristics and Multiple Transport Mechanisms.

As shale gas is an unconventional energy source, it is believed to be essential for achieving green resource development and improving the energy supply-demand balance. However, owing to shale's substantial anisotropic properties and various microstructures, its gas flow characteristics and transport mechanisms are exceedingly complex. Therefore, accurately predicting gas permeability evolution in shale pores was considered to be important for energy development.

Cancer gene identification through integrating causal prompting large language model with omics data-driven causal inference.

Identifying genes causally linked to cancer from a multi-omics perspective is essential for understanding the mechanisms of cancer and improving therapeutic strategies. Traditional statistical and machine-learning methods that rely on generalized correlation approaches to identify cancer genes often produce redundant, biased predictions with limited interpretability, largely due to overlooking confounding factors, selection biases, and the nonlinear activation function in neural networks. In this study, we introduce a novel framework for identifying cancer genes across multiple omics domains, named ICGI (Integrative Causal Gene Identification), which leverages a large language model (LLM) prompted with causality contextual cues and prompts, in conjunction with data-driven causal feature selection.

The association between lactating behaviours and postpartum weight retention during the 'Zuòyuèzi' period in China: a multicentre mother-infant cohort study.

Background: Few studies have examined the association between lactating behaviors and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) during the 'Zuòyuèzi' period, a traditional Chinese postpartum confinement practice that typically occurs within the first month after delivery. This study aimed to examine the association between breastfeeding practices (exclusive vs. mixed feeding) and PPWR during the Zuòyuèzi period; and to explore the feasibility of the new latent category variable derived from latent class analysis (LCA) reflecting lactating experience and quality.

Impacts of Naphthenic Acids (NAs) Exposure on Soil Bacterial Community and Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) Dissemination.

Naphthenic acids (NAs) are indigenous and complex components in petroleum. In the context of increasing global energy demand, the increasing extraction of fossil resources leads to increased environmental release of NAs, resulting in various environmental risks. However, the impact of NAs exposure on soil microorganisms remains still unclear.

Molecular Insights into the Rhamnolipid-Promoted Enzymatic Performance on Removing Phenolic Pollutants.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a metalloenzyme widely used in various biochemical applications but is susceptible to activity loss and instability under suboptimal conditions. In this study, rhamnolipid (RL) was, for the first time, employed as an additive to enhance the catalytic performance of HRP, including in a dual-enzyme cascade system with glucose oxidase (GOx). We carried out catalytic experiments on phenol degradation and showed that protecting HRP from deactivation is critical in maintaining the high catalytic effect in the dual-enzyme cascade.

Multi-omics uncover acute stress vulnerability through gut-hypothalamic communication in ducks.

1. The avian gut hosts a complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem, which is essential for regulating host organ function. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and the hypothalamic axis in acute stress vulnerability in ducks remains unclear.

Lifei Qingchang Tang attenuates acute lung injury the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Acute lung injury (ALI) has high morbidity and mortality. Lifei Qingchang Tang (LFQCT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but its mechanism in ALI remains unclear. , LFQCT reduced intracellular Ca, ROS, and NO in LPS-induced RAW 264.

Stretchable, Patterned Carbon Nanotube Array Enhanced by TiCT/Graphene for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Stretchability and flexibility are essential characteristics for high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in wearable and smart devices. However, achieving these mechanical properties while also maintaining high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) for shielding materials remains a significant challenge. Here, a stretchable patterned carbon nanotube (CNT) array composite film, reinforced with two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials (TiCT and graphene), is fabricated using a straightforward scraping method.

Charging and Aggregation of Nano-Clay Na-Montmorillonite in the Presence of Ciprofloxacin.

The transport and fate of antibiotics are significantly influenced by co-existing colloidal and nanosized substances, such as clay particles. Montmorillonite, a common clay mineral with a thin nano-sheet-like structure, enhances antibiotic (e.g.

Correction: Zeng et al. Hedgehog Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. 2022, , 1774.

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Workplace Violence Against Primary Care Physicians in Chengdu, China: A Cross-sectional Survey.

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine workplace violence (WPV) toward primary care physicians (PCPs), including prevalence, associated factors, impacts, and response to WPV in Chengdu, China.

Methods: We used an online cross-sectional design to collect data from October to November 2022 with a structured self-administered questionnaire from a purposive sample of 568 PCPs in Chengdu city.

Results: Among the 490 valid questionnaires, 44.

Autonomic Nervous System in Bone Remodeling: From Mechanisms to Novel Therapies in Orthopedic Diseases.

Recent literature has increasingly demonstrated the significant function of autonomic nerves in regulating physiological and pathological changes associated with the skeletal system. Extensive studies have been conducted to understand the contribution of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to skeletal metabolic homeostasis and resistance to aseptic inflammation, specifically from the viewpoint of skeletal neurobiology. There have been plenty of studies on how the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), the two main branches of the ANS, regulate bone remodeling, which is the process of bone formation and resorption.

Transcriptome-based insights into the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and therapy.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are related to drug resistance and prognosis of tumor patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prognosis and drug treatment response in patients with CAF and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The data pertaining to LUAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas-LUAD and GSE68465 datasets.

Artificial Synapse with High Weight-Updating Performance Based on Charge-Trapping Mechanism.

Artificial synapses, basic units of neuromorphic hardware, have been studied to emulate synaptic dynamics, which are beneficial for realizing high-quality neural networks. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) material heterojunction structures are widely used in the study of artificial synapses; however, their dynamic weight-updating characteristics are restricted owing to their high nonlinearity and low symmetricity. In this study, we treated h-BN with oxygen plasma to form a charge-trapping layer (CTL), and we prepared 2D ReS/CTL/h-BN heterojunction synapses.

Parvalbumin neurons mediate neurological phenotypes of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

Patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, often present with severe psychiatric symptoms, yet the neuropathological mechanisms underlying their cognitive deficits remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we constructed an animal model using anti-NMDAR IgG purified from the serum of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, and we used IgG obtained from healthy individuals as a control. Daily administration of anti-NMDAR IgG into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice for 7 days resulted in cognitive impairments resembling clinical symptoms, which spontaneously resolved 30 days after discontinuing the injections.

Baicalein as a potent antifungal agent against : synergy with fluconazole and sustainable production through probiotic-mediated bioconversion.

Fungal infections, particularly those caused by , represent a significant global health concern, with drug resistance and biofilm formation posing considerable challenges to effective treatment. Baicalein, a flavonoid derived from baicalin found in , has demonstrated considerable antifungal efficacy. Moreover, the combination of baicalein and fluconazole demonstrated a notable synergistic effect.

Enhanced efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined locoregional therapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A single - center retrospective study.

Background: Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant treatment challenges. While locoregional therapies (LT) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) offer some benefits, prognosis remains poor. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown promise in other oncological settings, suggesting potential benefits in HCC treatment regimens.

SATB1 in cancer progression and metastasis: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Cancer remains a major global health challenge, with prostate cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer accounting for nearly half of all diagnoses. Despite advancements in cancer treatment, metastasis to distant organs continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The progression of cancer involves the alteration of numerous genes, with dynamic changes in chromatin organization and histone modifications playing a critical role in regulating cancer-associated genes.

Ensartinib as a neoadjuvant therapy for stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients with EML4-ALK fusion: a case report and literature review.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have shown efficacy in treating ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the effectiveness of ensartinib neoadjuvant therapy remains ambiguous. Herein, we reported that preoperative systemic treatment with the ALK inhibitor ensartinib can be beneficial for treating initially inoperable tumors.