Knockout of in mice associated with a loss of corneal transparency.

Aim: To investigate the role of transmembrane protein 206 (TMEM206) in corneal edema in mice by knockout the gene using CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology.

Methods: -knockout mice were generated using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Variations in ophthalmic pathology were observed using slit lamp microscope and optical coherence tomography (OCT), intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a TonoLab Rebound Tonometer, and the ultrastructure of the corneal was observed using a transmission electron microscope.

A New Practical Method Based on MRI to Individually Localize the Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus Junction in Retrosigmoid Craniotomy: A Retrospective Before-After Study.

Background: Although the asterion has long been used as a skeletal surface marker of the transverse-sigmoid sinuses junction (TSSJ) point in the retrosigmoid approach, abundant evidence shows that the relationship between asterion and TSSJ point varies greatly. In recent years, new technologies have been developed, such as neuronavigation and three-dimensional volume rendering imaging, that can guide in exposing the TSSJ point individually. However, they are not only expensive but also difficult to apply in emergency surgery.

Experiment on endoscopic balloon dilation for esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection in pigs.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is effective for esophageal stenosis caused by ESD. However, an efficient EBD method has not been established. We, therefore, conducted EBD experiments on porcine esophageal stenosis models.

Apocynin prevents reduced myocardial nerve growth factor, contributing to amelioration of myocardial apoptosis and failure.

Reduced nerve growth factor (NGF) is associated with cardiac sympathetic nerve denervation in heart failure (HF) which is characterized by increased oxidative stress. Apocynin is considered an antioxidant agent which inhibits NADPH oxidase activity and improves reactive oxygen species scavenging. However, it is unclear whether apocynin prevents reduced myocardial NGF, leading to improvement of cardiac function in HF.

Research on Treatment of Oily Sludge from the Tank Bottom by Ball Milling Combined with Ozone-Catalyzed Oxidation.

Difficult separation of oil-solid phase and high fine content of the recovered oil were two problems in the treatment of oily sludge from the tank bottom by the hot water-based extraction process. To solve the problems, one technology with "ball milling + ozone-catalyzed oxidation" as the core was studied, and the process parameters of ball milling and ozone-catalyzed oxidation were respectively optimized. After ball milling treatment, the oil content of dry oily sludge decreased from 33.

[Effects of bergapten on damages of osteocytes MLO-Y4 induced by TCP wear particles and its mechanism].

To study the effects of bergapten (BP) on damages of osteocytes MLO-Y4 induced by tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles and its mechanism. ;Methods: MLO-Y4 cells were treated with TCP wear particles for 48 h to establish the model of osteocytes injuries in vitro. The MLO-Y4 cells were divided into the following five groups: control group, TCP wear particles treated (0.

A novel 15-spiro diterpenoid dimer from Andrographis paniculata with inhibitory potential against human carboxylesterase 2.

The phytochemical investigation of Andrographis paniculata resulted in the isolation of a novel 15-spiro diterpenoid dimer bisandrographolide G (1). Its structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and TD DFT calculations of ECD spectra. It showed potent inhibitory activity against human carboxylesterase 2 (CES 2) with an IC value of 4.

The NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin improves cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal innervation and function in heart failure.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Does NADPH oxidase activation mediate cardiac sympathetic nerve denervation and dysfunction in heart failure. What is the main findings and its importance? Cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal density and function were reduced in heart failure after myocardial infarction in rabbits. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin prevented the reduction in cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal density and function in heart failure.

Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine inhibits maladaptive myocyte autophagy in pressure overload induced cardiac remodeling in rats.

Increased oxidative stress and myocyte autophagy co-exist in cardiac remodeling. However, it is unclear whether oxidative stress mediates maladaptive myocyte autophagy in pathological ventricular remodeling. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that antioxidants prevent maladaptive myocyte autophagy in pressure overload-induced left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Effect of adenosine on GLAST expression in the retina of a chronic ocular hypertension rat model.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of adenosine and an adenosine receptor antagonist on the expression of the L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter (GLAST) in the retina of a chronic ocular hypertension (COH) rat model. COH models were established via the cauterization of three episcleral veins. Measurements of the intraocular pressure of the right eye (COH eye) were taken weekly by a handheld digital tonometer.

The effect of ROCK-1 activity change on the adhesive and invasive ability of Y79 retinoblastoma cells.

Background: Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common intraocular tumor in childhood worldwide. It is a deadly pediatric eye cancer. The main cause of death in Rb patients is intracranial and systemic metastasis.

Effect of Y-27632 on the cultured retinal neurocytes of rats.

Aim: To investigate the effect of Y-27632 on the survival and neurite outgrowth of the cultured retinal neurocytes.

Methods: After the postnatal day 2-3, Sprague-Dawley retinal neurocytes were cultured for 48 hours, the culture media was replaced with serum-free media (control group) and serum-free media contained 30µmol/L Y-27632 (Y-27632 group), and the cells were continually cultured another 48 hours. The cultured retinal neurocytes were identified with anti-neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunocytochemistry.

Evaluation of a partial optic nerve crush model in rats.

This study was performed to determine whether a partial optic nerve crush (PONC) model in rats is effective and reliable for the study of optic nerve protection and regeneration. Bilateral superior colliculus (SC) retrograde 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) labeling of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs; n=3) and unilateral SC retrograde labeling of RGCs (n=3) were performed in adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and the results were compared with the bilateral and unilateral SC retrograde-labeled RGCs. Another 40 adult SD rats, three days after bilateral SC retrograde DiI labeling of RGCs underwent crushing with a non-invasive vascular clip (40 gram power) 1 mm behind the right optic nerve head for 5, 10 and 30 sec (n=10 each), and a sham-operated control group (n=10) was used as a control.

Impact of positive end-expiratory pressure on cerebral injury patients with hypoxemia.

Background: Traumatic brain injury or intracranial hemorrhage patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome need mechanical ventilation. The use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in this situation remains controversial. This study explored the impact of PEEP on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), central venous pressure (CVP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in cerebral injury patients.

[The impact of positive end-expiratory pressure on cerebral perfusion pressure and hemodynamics in patients receiving lung recruitment maneuver].

Objective: To explore the impact of lung recruitment maneuver (RM) on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP).

Methods: RM was performed and ICP, MAP, central venous pressure (CVP), saturation of arterial oxygen (SpO2) were monitored continuously in 6 severe cerebral injury patients combined with lung injury, who were indicated for mechanical ventilation and meeting the criteria for intracranial pressure monitoring. RM included pressure control ventilation with stepwise increase in positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP).

[Perioperative nitric oxide inhalation therapy for open heart surgery patients with pulmonary hypertension].

Objective: To investigate effectiveness and safety of perioperative nitric oxide (NO) inhalation therapy for open heart surgery patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: Servo 300A and Pulmonox Aeronox were used for NO delivery and monitoring. NO was used perioperatively in 27 adult and 1 pediatric open heart surgery patients with pulmonary hypertension which were not effectively relieved by conventional treatment.

[The analysis of 252 episodes of recruitment maneuver during mechanical ventilation in surgery intensive care unit].

Objective: To analyze the clinical effects of recruitment maneuver and the impacts on blood pressure and oxygen saturation in patients with mechanical ventilation.

Methods: To analyze all related data from 252 episodes of recruitment maneuver of 46 patients admitted from July 2005 to February 2007. Recruitment maneuver method: the drive pressure constant was kept at 15 cm H(2)O (1 cm H(2)O=0.

[Experimental study of fast diagnosis of mycotic keratitis using molecular biology technical].

Objective: To establish a method for fast diagnosis of mycotic keratitis using multi-PCR system.

Methods: Detecting 9 important medical fungi species (Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliform, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium graminum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium implicatum and Curvularia lunata) through a multi-PCR system. This method was used to identify the clinical cultured isolates and clinical samples.