[Source and Cause Analysis of High Concentration of Inorganic Aerosol During Two Typical Pollution Processes in Winter over Tianjin].

Inorganic aerosol is the main component of haze days in winter over Tianjin. In this study, two typical high concentrations of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) processes, defined as CASE1 and CASE2, were selected during polluted days in January 2020 over Tianjin, and the effects of meteorological factors, regional transport, and chemical processes were comprehensively investigated combined with observations and numerical models (WRF-NAQPMS). The average SIA concentrations in CASE1 and CASE2 were 76.

[Spatial Distribution Characteristics of VOCs and Its Impact on Ozone Formation Potential in Rizhao City in Summer].

GC-SAW was used to carry out online sampling analysis of the main business sources, residential sources, and roads in Rizhao City from August 22 to 29 in 2020. The spatial distribution characteristics of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere were obtained, and the chemical reactivity of the main components was studied. The results showed that the VOCs with carbon atoms greater than 5 (VOC) were mainly toluene propylbenzene and n-octane, and the spatial distribution was significant; the average (TVOC) in the port area, downtown area, and industrial area were 80.

[Observational Study of Air Pollution Complex in Nanjing in June 2014].

Studying the evolution of secondary inorganic aerosols, which are important components of PM, is crucial to improving our understanding about the air pollution in big cities. This study investigates the evolution and factors of secondary inorganic aerosols based on two pollution incidences in Nanjing in June 2014. A significant characteristic of air pollution complex with the coexistence of higher concentrations of both PM and ozone is observed.

[Spatiotemporal trends and the impact factors of acid rain in Anhui Province].

The observational data of acid rain at seven stations in Anhui province operated by China Meteorological Administration (CMA), as well as the coal consumptions in Anhui and some surrounding provinces along with satellite measured tropospheric NO2 columns, were used to analyze the spatiotemporal trends of acid rain in Anhui and the potential reasons of the increasing occurrence frequency of acid rain. In addition, the technique of back-trajectory-cluster analysis was used to examine the impacts of transport patterns on the precipitation acidity in Anhui. The occurrence frequency shows the lowest in summer and the highest in autumn, with 3-year average pH < 5.

Pediatric liver transplantation in 31 consecutive children.

Background: Although liver transplantation has become a standard therapy for end-stage liver diseases, the experience of pediatric liver transplantation is limited in China. In this article we report our experience in pediatric liver transplantation, and summarize its characters in their indications, surgical techniques, and postoperative managements.

Methods: Thirty-one children (< or = 18 years old) underwent liver transplantation in our centers.

[Pediatric liver transplantation in 20 consecutive children].

Objective: To summarize the clinical efficacy of pediatric liver transplantation, and investigate the characters of pediatric liver transplantation in their indications, surgical procedures and postoperative management.

Methods: From August 2000 to March 2007, 23 liver transplantations were performed on 20 children, aging from 6 months to 13 years old. The most common indications were biliary atresia, Wilson's disease, glycogen storage disease and urea cycle defects.

Pathogenesis of acute lung injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is the most common and severe complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). The elucidation of the mechanism of ALI contributes to the diagnosis and treatment of the illness. In this study, we studied the pathogenesis of ALI in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Advances in prophylaxis and treatment of recurrent hepatitis B after liver transplantation.

Background: In the 1990s, liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus (HBV) related-liver diseases was a very controversial issue because the graft was inevitably recurrent after liver transplantation. Significant progress has been made in the prophylaxis and treatment of recurrent hepatitis B after liver transplantation. This review covers the mechanisms, prophylaxis, and treatment of hepatitis B recurrent after liver transplantation.

Liver retransplantation: indications and outcomes.

Background: Liver transplantation is a life-saving therapeutic modality for patients with end-stage liver diseases. After liver transplantation, however, more than 10% patients may lose the grafts caused by a variety of reasons. This review covers the most frequent indications for liver retransplantation as well as the results and specific problems with each indication.

Dexamethasone and dextran 40 treatment of 32 patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Aim: Based on the pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis and our experimental studies, to investigate the effect of dexamethasone and dextran in treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with severe acute pancreatitis were treated with 0.5-1 mg/kg per day dexamethasone for 3-5 d, and 500-1,000 mL/d of dextran 40 for 7 d, besides the routine therapy.

Bioartificial liver assist devices in support of patients with liver failure.

Bioartificial liver assist devices (BALs) offer an opportunity for critical care physicians and transplant surgeons to stabilize patients prior to orthotopic liver transplantation. Such devices may also act as a bridge to transplant, providing liver support to patients awaiting transplant, or as support for patients post living-related donor transplant. Four BAL devices that rely on hepatocytes cultured in hollow fiber membrane cartridges (Circe Biomedical HepatAssist(r), Vitagen ELADTM, Gerlach BELS, and Excorp Medical BLSS) are currently in various stages of clinical evaluation.

The role of inflammatory mediators in severe acute pancreatitis and regulation of glucocorticoids.

Objective: To investigate the effect of glucocorticoids on systemic inflammatory mediator release in rats with acute pancreatitis and the outcome of dexamethasone in treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Sixty-eight Wistar rats were divided into sham, acute pancreatitis, and treatment (intravenous dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg) groups.