Multilevel Systematic Optimization To Achieve Efficient Integrated Expression of .

Genomic integration of heterologous genes is the preferred approach in industrial fermentation-related strains due to the drawbacks associated with plasmid-mediated microbial fermentation, including additional growth burden, genetic instability, and antibiotic contamination. Synthetic biology and genome editing advancements have made gene integration convenient. Integrated expression is extensively used in the field of biomanufacturing and is anticipated to become the prevailing method for expressing recombinant proteins.

Microbiota treatment of functional constipation: Current status and future prospects.

Functional constipation (FC) is a common disorder that is characterized by difficult stool passage, infrequent bowel movement, or both. FC is highly prevalent, recurs often, accompanies severe diseases, and affects quality of life; therefore, safe and effective therapy with long-term benefits is urgently needed. Microbiota treatment has potential value for FC treatment.

The role of EUS-guided iodine-125 seed implantation in patients with unresectable ampullary cancer after relief of obstructive jaundice.

Purpose: Few studies have focused on the management of inoperable ampullary carcinoma (AC), and patients with jaundice suffer from biliary stents replacement frequently. Iodine-125 (I) brachytherapy has been used in the treatment of malignant tumors owing to its curative effect, minimal surgical trauma, and tolerable complications. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of I seed implantation in patients with unresectable ampullary carcinoma after relief of obstructive jaundice.

[Epidemiology and hospitalization costs analysis of female inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Beijing from 2013 to 2020].

Objective: To study epidemiological characteristics and hospitalization costs of female inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Beijing.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze electronic hospitalization summary reports of female inpatients with AECOPD in Beijing from 2013 to 2020. Clinical characteristics (age distribution and comorbidities), epidemiological characteristics (temporal and spatial distribution characteristics), hospi-talization times and costs of patients were described.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 level: A single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels. The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.

Aim: To compare clinical features, treatment efficacy, and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse.

Geometric Remodeling of Nitrilase Active Pocket Based on ALF-Scanning Strategy To Enhance Aromatic Nitrile Substrate Preference and Catalytic Efficiency.

Nitrilase can catalyze nitrile compounds to generate corresponding carboxylic acids. Nitrilases as promiscuous enzymes can catalyze a variety of nitrile substrates, such as aliphatic nitriles, aromatic nitriles, etc. However, researchers tend to prefer enzymes with high substrate specificity and high catalytic efficiency.

Gastrointestinal microbiome and cholelithiasis: Current status and perspectives.

Cholelithiasis is a common digestive disease affecting 10% to 15% of adults. It imposes significant global health and financial burdens. However, the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis involves several factors and is incompletely elucidated.

Analysis of growth resistance mechanisms and causes in tea plants () in high-pH regions of Northern China.

Background: In tea plantations with high-pH (pH > 6.5) in Northern China, tea plants are prone to yellowing disease, albinism, and reductions in components that contribute to plant quality, which affect the scale and rate of tea plantation development in Northern China.

Methods: To investigate the potential causes of these issues, .

General Method for Selective Three-Component Carboacylation of Alkenes via Visible-Light Dual Photoredox/Nickel Catalysis.

A photoredox/nickel dual catalytic protocol for the regioselective three-component carboacylation of alkenes with tertiary and secondary alkyltrifluoroborates as well as acyl chlorides is described. This redox-neutral protocol can be applied to the rapid synthesis of ketones with high diversity and complexity via a radical relay process. Many functional groups, allowing for various commercially available acyl chlorides, alkyltrifluoroborates, and alkenes, are tolerated under these mild conditions.

Factors related to stent patency and early elimination of jaundice using bile duct stent combined with iodine-125 seed implantation in malignant obstructive jaundice.

Purpose: Biliary stents combined with percutaneous or endoscopic ultrasound-guided iodine-125 seed implantation into primary tumor have been confirmed to relieve malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ), and prolong patient's stent patency. The aim of the study was to evaluate meaningful clinical application indications and better guide the application of this technology.

Material And Methods: Patients with MOJ, who have received bile duct stenting combined with iodine-125 (I) seed implantation from October, 2010 to April, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed.

Analysis of risk factors for post-endoscopic papillectomy bleeding.

Background: Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is an effective treatment for ampullary lesions but technically challenging because of anatomical specificities concerning the high rate of adverse events. Bleeding is one of the most feared complications and can be potentially life-threatening.

Aim: To study the risk factors for bleeding after EP are presented with the goal of establishing preventive measures.

Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of 54 Cases of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors with Incomplete Resection: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the risk factors and clinical outcomes of the incomplete endoscopic resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (rNETs).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the cases of 428 patients with rNETs who had undergone endoscopic treatment in the Department of Gastroenterology at the PLA General Hospital, China, between January 2010 and September 2019.

Results: Of the 428 patients with rNETs, 266 were men (62.

Improving the Intensity of Integrated Expression for Microbial Production.

Chromosomal integration of exogenous genes is preferred for industrially related fermentation, as plasmid-mediated fermentation leads to extra metabolic burden and genetic instability. Moreover, with the development and advancement of genome engineering and gene editing technologies, inserting genes into chromosomes has become more convenient; integration expression is extensively utilized in microorganisms for industrial bioproduction and expected to become the trend of recombinant protein expression. However, in actual research and application, it is important to enhance the expression of heterologous genes at the host genome level.

Endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary adenomatous lesions: A literature review.

Ampullary adenomatous lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are rare and can be asymptomatic. Therefore, ampullary adenomas with malignant potential require prompt removal, regardless of whether they are adenomatous or carcinomatous lesions. Endoscopic papillectomy is a safe and effective alternative therapy to surgery to treat duodenal papillary lesions in selected patients.

Military medical research on internal diseases in modern warfare: new concepts, demands, challenges, and opportunities.

Battlefield internal medicine aims at the treatment of combatants and noncombatants with various internal diseases on the battlefield. The military medical research on battlefield internal diseases focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical management, and prevention of internal diseases under military war conditions. In both wartime and peacetime, the soldiers suffer from more internal diseases than surgical wounds.

Preliminary experience of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection by duodenoscope for recurrent laterally spreading papillary lesions.

Background: The management strategies for recurrent ampullary adenoma after endoscopic papillectomy are still controversial. Patients with the recurrent papillary lesions need to receive repetitive endoscopic interventions due to the limitations of conventional endoscopic techniques.

Aim: To assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) by duodenoscope for recurrent, laterally spreading papillary lesions.

Improving the biocatalytic performance of co-immobilized cells harboring nitrilase via addition of silica and calcium carbonate.

To improve nicotinic acid (NA) yield and meet industrial application requirements of sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol (SA-PVA) immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida mut-D3 harboring nitrilase, inorganic materials were added to the SA-PVA immobilized cells to improve mechanical strength and mass transfer performance. The concentrations of inorganic materials were optimized to be 2.0% silica and 0.

Transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery in the diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin.

Background And Aims: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been established in animal models and human studies, but few clinical studies have investigated transvaginal NOTES in the diagnosis of unexplained refractory ascites. We aimed to assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of transvaginal NOTES for the diagnosis of unexplained ascites in female patients.

Methods: A prospective study was done involving 3 female patients with unexplained ascites.

Gender, Age, and Concomitant Diseases of Colorectal Diverticulum in China: A Study of 7,964 Cases.

Aim: To analyze the epidemiological features of colorectal diverticulum (CRD) in China.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CRD patients in 8 tertiary hospitals located in 5 regions of China from 2000 to 2016. The detection rates, number and distribution, demographic information, concomitant disorders, and their associations were investigated.

Chinese physicians' perceptions of fecal microbiota transplantation.

Aim: To explore Chinese physicians' perceptions towards fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and to provide information and an assessment of FMT development in China.

Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was developed according to the FMT practice guidelines and was distributed to physicians in hospitals via Internet Research Electronic Data Capture (REDcap) software and electronic mails to assess their attitudes toward and knowledge of FMT. The questionnaire included a brief introduction of FMT that was followed by 20 questions.

Intestinal microbiota pathogenesis and fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease.

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pathogenesis of IBD involves inappropriate ongoing activation of the mucosal immune system driven by abnormal intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals. However, there are still no definitive microbial pathogens linked to the onset of IBD.

Comparison in efficacy between pure NOTES peritoneoscopy with small or large endoscope and laparoscopy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and systematic impact of different sized endoscopes for pure transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) peritoneoscopy relative to laparoscopy.

Methods: A total of 15 dogs were randomly assigned to the small-sized endoscope (SS), large-sized endoscope (LS) and standard laparoscopy (SL) groups. The procedure time, visualization scores for abdominal organs, gastric incision healing times and procedure-associated complications were recorded.