[Developmental characteristics of biological soil crusts and their effects on soil water infiltration on karst slope].

Biological soil crusts (BSCs), as a pioneer for vegetation restoration and crucial component of surface landscape, greatly affect land surface process. To explore the development of BSCs and its effects on soil water infiltration in karst region, we investigated the development of BSCs and analyzed the infiltration processes with different BSCs coverages (0, 28%, 40%, 70%, 97%) and rainfall intensities (42 and 132 mm·h) in simulating rainfall experiments on a typical karst slope. The results showed that there were significant differences in the development of BSCs for different land use types, whereas the spatial variation of BSCs development on the slope was not obvious under the same land use type.

[Characteristics of CO flux and its influence factors over winter wheat agroecosystem in the North China Plain].

Using CO flux data of winter wheat recorded by eddy covariance system, combined with the meteorological data, we examined the diurnal variations of CO fluxes in four growth stages (tillering stage, overwintering stage, jointing stage and filling stage) of winter wheat in an agroecosystem of the North China Plain from 2013 to 2014. The seasonal variation of net ecosystem exchange and its relationship with meteorological factors were investigated. The results showed that the net ecosystem exchange in the whole growing season was -360.

Molecular cloning, expression analysis and cellular localization of an LFRFamide gene in the cuttlefish Sepiella japonica.

Neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes in metazoans, such as feeding, reproduction, and heart activities. In this study, an LFRFamide gene was identified from the cuttlefish Sepiella japonica (designated as SjLFRFamide). The full-length sequence of SjLFRFamide cDNA has 841bp, and the open reading frame contains 567bp encoding 188 amino acids, which shared high similarity with precursor SOFaRP2 from Sepia officinalis.

Antioxidant and functional properties of collagen hydrolysates from Spanish mackerel skin as influenced by average molecular weight.

In the current study, the relationships between functional properties and average molecular weight (AMW) of collagen hydrolysates from Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous niphonius) skin were researched. Seven hydrolysate fractions (5.04 ≤ AMW ≤ 47.