Rational synthesis of carbon-rich hollow carbon nitride spheres for photocatalytic HO production and Cr(VI) reduction.

Hollow carbon nitride spheres with a well-designed architecture and excellent optical properties serve as promising polymers for solar fuel production. In this study, carbon-rich hollow carbon nitride nanospheres were rationally designed for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production. Experimental results revealed that the doping of carbon species in the heptazine unit enhanced light absorption and promoted charge separation and transport.

Alternating Binary Droplets-based Protocell Networks Driven by Heterogeneous Liquid-liquid Phase Separation.

As the emergence of prototissues promotes the evolutionary transformations of protolife, tissue-like networks derived from cytomimetic systems have been studied by using artificial cells as building blocks to mimic prototissues at a higher-organizational level. However, liquid-like networks originating from liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), especially heterogeneous LLPS, are less reported. Herein we report a binary liquid droplet-based protocell network composed of coacervates and aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) droplets arranged in an alternating sequence, integrating both associative and segregative LLPS.

BiFC and FACS-based CRISPR screening revealed that QKI promotes PABPN1 LLPS in colorectal cancer cells.

Protein liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), a pivotal phenomenon intricately linked to cellular processes, is regulated by various other proteins. However, there is still a lack of high-throughput methods for screening protein regulators of LLPS in target proteins. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-based screening method to identify protein phase separation regulators by integrating bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).

Effects of shaking and fermentation processing technologies on polyphenols and volatile compounds in black tea.

To investigate the effects of different processing techniques on polyphenols and volatile compounds (VOCs) of black tea (BT), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze BT samples with different processing techniques, including fermentation degree, shaking times, and drying temperature. In this study, a total of 220 polyphenols were annotated by database, and 38 polyphenols were annotated by mass spectrometry molecular network. A total of 43 VOCs were annotated by a database combined with a retention index.

MAEST: accurately spatial domain detection in spatial transcriptomics with graph masked autoencoder.

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technology provides gene expression profiles with spatial context, offering critical insights into cellular interactions and tissue architecture. A core task in ST is spatial domain identification, which involves detecting coherent regions with similar spatial expression patterns. However, existing methods often fail to fully exploit spatial information, leading to limited representational capacity and suboptimal clustering accuracy.

Fluorogenic Crystallization via Enzyme-Instructed Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer for Dynamic Microenvironment Profiling.

Understanding dynamic changes within cellular microenvironments is crucial for elucidating biological processes and developing targeted therapies. Here, we present a rapid and straightforward strategy for profiling tumor microenvironments via fluorogenic crystallization driven by enzyme-instructed excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). By engineering ESIPT-based fluorophores, we achieve selective crystallization with strong dual-emission ratiometric fluorescence signals that are easily visualized, offering a real-time readout of tumor microenvironmental variations.

AIE and UIA-featured fluorescent ligands for G-quadruplex: the impact of linker rigidity between recognition moiety and fluorophore.

In this study, we designed and synthesized two compounds specifically for the detection of G-quadruplex (G4), a kind of biologically relevant noncanonical nucleic acid structure. One of them, NQ-1, with a rigid linker, showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties, while the other one, NQ-2, with a flexible linker, exhibited unfolding-intramolecular-aggregation-induced emission (UIA) characteristics. Our study demonstrated how adjusting linker rigidity can develop AIE and UIA-based fluorescent probes for G4.

Biochemical, Structural, and Conformational Characterization of a Fungal Ethylene-Forming Enzyme.

The ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) from the fungus strain Pd1 was heterologously produced in and its properties were compared to the extensively characterized bacterial enzyme from strain PK2. Both enzymes catalyze four reactions: the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) to ethylene and CO, oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG coupled to l-arginine (l-Arg) hydroxylation, uncoupled oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG, and the production of 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HP) from 2OG. The strain Pd1 enzyme exhibited a greater ratio of ethylene production over l-Arg hydroxylation than the PK2 strain EFE.

RALYL Overexpression Suppresses Colorectal Cancer via Modulating HNRNPC-Mediated MNK2 Alternative Splicing.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the second most prevalent cause of cancer-related mortality globally, while its incidence holds the third position among newly diagnosed cancer cases worldwide. Colorectal carcinogenesis is complicated, and the processes are triggered by the complex interaction of some genetic and environmental factors, including DNA methylation. Previous studies showed that RALYL is hypermethylated in CRC.

Modulating Iron Crystals with Lattice Chalcophile-Siderophile Elements for Selective Dechlorinations Over Hydrogen Evolution.

Selective dechlorination of organic chlorides over hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a challenge because of their coincidence. Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nFe) draws a promising picture of in situ groundwater dechlorination, but its indiscriminate reactivity limits the application. Here, nFe crystals are designed with electron shuttles and improved hydrophobic nature based on elemental chalcophile-siderophile characteristics, where chalcophile-siderophile S served as a bridge to allow impregnating nFe crystals with weakly siderophile and strongly chalcophile Cu.

Stereoselective synthesis of a KRAS inhibitor with a quinoline-piperazine scaffold.

We developed a novel synthetic route for the KRAS inhibitor, focusing on the efficient construction of its central quinoline scaffold. The method offers several advantages: eliminates the formation of regioselective by-products and avoids the use of high temperatures and nitric acid. The last step of the overall route enables gentle hydrolysis of phenyl esters with methanol and potassium carbonate, which greatly reduces the occurrence of side reactions.

Perioperative inflammatory index differences between pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and their prognostic implications.

Background: Perioperative inflammatory indices reflect systemic inflammatory responses and have been linked to cancer progression and prognosis. This study aims to explore the differences in perioperative inflammatory indices between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and their association with long-term outcomes.

Methods: This study included 287 lung cancer patients who underwent curative resection between June 2016 and December 2017, comprising 61 cases of LSCC and 226 cases of LUAD.

Study about the effect of cellulose nanocrystals on a polyacrylate miniemulsion.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are widely used due to their biodegradability, high strength, large surface area, and functional versatility. This study investigates the interaction between CNC and acrylate emulsions, which mainly focuses on their impact on emulsion characteristics, polymerization behaviour, and storage stability. CNC was incorporated into an acrylate miniemulsion system at varying concentrations, followed by the systematic study of its effects on particle size, interfacial tension, zeta potential, yield, and viscosity.

Four new species of (Pichiales, Pichiaceae) isolated from China.

The genus belonging to the family Pichiaceae is widely distributed worldwide and has garnered significant attention due to its importance in various industries and its potential role in human infections. During our investigation of yeast diversity in China, several strains representing undescribed taxa were isolated from forests in Hainan province, Hubei province, Beijing city and a mudflat in Guangdong province. Based on phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA, these strains were identified as four new species: (holotype strain CGMCC 2.

Mechanosensing of Stimuli Changes with Magnetically Gated Adaptive Sensitivity.

Inspired by biological sensors that characteristically adapt to varying stimulus ranges, efficiently detecting stimulus changes sooner than the absolute stimulus values, we propose a mechanosensing concept in which the resolution can be adapted by magnetic field () gating to detect small pressure-changes under a wide range of compressive stimuli. This is realized with resistive sensing by pillared -driven assemblies of soft ferromagnetic electrically conducting particles between planar electrodes under a voltage bias. By modulation of , the pillars respond with mechanically adaptable sensitivity.

Association between inflammatory score, healthy lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease: a national cohort study.

Background: The inflammation score is currently regarded as a reliable composite index for comprehensive assessment of inflammatory status. However, the relationship between inflammation score and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore the association of inflammatory score with CVD, as well as to evaluate whether adhering to a healthy lifestyle could alleviate this association.

Serum HDL-C levels in children with epilepsy: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the difference in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between children with epilepsy and healthy children and to assess its potential influencing factors.

Methods: For comparison, we retrospectively collected data on 1,002 children with epilepsy who visited the Department of Neurology at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Additionally, we included 127 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital's Health Examination Center.

Genome-wide association for multiple quantitative traits in forage oat germplasm based on specific length amplified fragment sequencing.

Oats ( L.) is an ideal forage species due to its excellent production performance, high nutritional value, and robust adaptability. In the present study, we analyzed plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), stem diameter (SD), node number (NN), flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), second leaf length (SLL), and second leaf width (SLW) in a collection containing 340 forage oat accessions, in order to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for identifying markers associated with the eight traits.

Multimodal insights into adult neurogenesis: An integrative review of multi-omics approaches.

Adult neural stem cells divide to produce neurons that migrate to preexisting neuronal circuits in a process named adult neurogenesis. Adult neurogenesis is one of the most exciting areas of current neuroscience, and it may be involved in a range of brain functions, including cognition, learning, memory, and social and behavior changes. While there is a growing number of multi-omics studies on adult neurogenesis, generalized analyses from a multi-omics perspective are lacking.

Hydrodynamic efficient cell capture and pairing method on microfluidic cell electrofusion chip.

Cell fusion is a widely employed process in various biological procedures, demonstrating significant application value in biotechnology. Cell pairing is a crucial manipulation for cell fusion. Standard fusion techniques, however, often provide poor and random cell contact, leading to low yields.

Breaking new ground: machine learning enhances survival forecasts in hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Background: The prognostic prediction of patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure holds significant clinical value. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model for predicting survival in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Methods: The study enrolled a total of 697 patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure, including 565 patients from the First People's Hospital of Yancheng in the modeling group and 132 patients from the People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province in the external validation group.

The genus : a fascinating resource for medicinal and botanical studies.

The genus , comprising a series of distinctive medicinal plants, has been utilized globally for its therapeutic properties over centuries. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that secondary metabolites from species exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anticancer, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and other effects. Additionally, the unique morphological traits and large genome size of species have continuously captured the interest of botanists and horticulturalists.

The lower rate of bone and joint infection in patients with open extremity fractures associated with vaccination prior to injury: a propensity-matched cohort study.

Background: Vaccines could strengthen the innate immune system in addition to conferring protection against their target pathogen via vaccine-induced immunomodulation, a phenomenon termed trained immunity. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether vaccination prior to injury is associated with a lower rate of bone and joint infections (BJIs) in patients with open extremity fractures.

Methods: Patients with open extremity fractures treated at one hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 were identified.