Evidence-based control of stress response on intraoperative physiological indexes and recovery of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

Background: Although the 2021 Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) provide recommendations for ERAS in gastrointestinal surgery, the clinical application of standard ERAS nursing models is challenging due to the variety of diseases involved in gastrointestinal surgery and the complex factors contributing to patient stress responses. Moreover, stress responses are more severe in older adult patients. Therefore, precision medicine is required to improve the quality of nursing care and promote postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal surgery.

Multiple primary cancers with gastrointestinal malignant tumors as the first manifestation: Three case reports and review of literature.

Background: The incidence of malignant gastrointestinal (GI) tumors is increasing, and advancements in medical care have significantly improved patient survival rates. As a result, the number of cases involving multiple primary cancers (MPC) has also increased. The rarity of MPC and the absence of sensitive and specific diagnostic markers often lead to missed or incorrect diagnoses.

Origin-destination prediction from road average speed data using GraphResLSTM model.

With the increasing demand for traffic management and resource allocation in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), accurate origin-destination (OD) prediction has become crucial. This article presents a novel integrated framework, effectively merging the distinctive capabilities of graph convolutional network (GCN), residual neural network (ResNet), and long short-term memory network (LSTM), hereby designated as GraphResLSTM. GraphResLSTM leverages road average speed data for OD prediction.

Machine learning-based feature selection and classification for cerebral infarction screening: an experimental study.

Cerebral infarction screening (CIS) is critical for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. We investigate the application of machine learning techniques for feature selection and classification of speech and cognitive function assessments to enhance cerebral infarction screening. We analyze a dataset containing 117 patients (95 patients were diagnosed with cerebral infarction, and 54 were identified as lacunar cerebral infarction of them) comprising speech and cognitive function features from patients with lacunar and non-lacunar cerebral infarction, as well as healthy controls.

Application of Spatial Omics in the Cardiovascular System.

Cardiovascular diseases constitute a marked threat to global health, and the emergence of spatial omics technologies has revolutionized cardiovascular research. This review explores the application of spatial omics, including spatial transcriptomics, spatial proteomics, spatial metabolomics, spatial genomics, and spatial epigenomics, providing more insight into the molecular and cellular foundations of cardiovascular disease and highlighting the critical contributions of spatial omics to cardiovascular science, and discusses future prospects, including technological advancements, integration of multi-omics, and clinical applications. These developments should contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular diseases and guide the progress of precision medicine, targeted therapies, and personalized treatments.

Distant metastasis in the right inguinal area from gastric cancer: A case report.

Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Most cases of newly diagnosed gastric cancer involve not only locally advanced tumor growth and regional lymph node metastases but also distant metastases. We report a rare case finding of a mass in the right inguinal area which is derived from gastric cancer.

The CYP2D6 phenotyping performance of single-point saliva metabolic ratio in a healthy Chinese Han population.

The CYP2D6 plays critical roles in drug metabolism, and its inter-individual variability should be properly addressed in clinical practice. Our research aimed to assess the performance of single-point saliva metabolic ratio (MR) in a healthy Chinese Han population using dextromethorphan as the probe drug. MR was determined as the ratio of parent drug to metabolite in 3 h saliva, 3 h plasma, and 0-3 h urine post-ingestion.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of switching from a bivalent to a nonavalent HPV vaccination programme in China: a modelling study.

Background: Several domestically-manufactured nonavalent HPV vaccine candidates are in phase III clinical trials and their future availability may address the current dilemma of insufficient supply and high price of the overseas-manufactured nonavalent HPV vaccine in China. We compare the population-level effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of switching to nonavalent HPV vaccination in China.

Methods: We used a previously validated transmission model to project the lifetime costs and effectiveness of five same-vaccine and two mixed-vaccine strategies.

Case Report: Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma mimicking as a neuroendocrine tumor on F-FDG and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT: a case presentation.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a relatively rare benign lung tumor, and it is difficult to obtain an accurate diagnosis before surgery. Herein, we present a case of 34-year-old woman who came to our hospital for medical help due to cough and sputum for one month. She underwent a chest computed tomography (CT) scan which revealed a circular soft tissue density shadow in the upper lobe of the left lung.

Prognostic significance of the inhibitory-to-stimulatory immune checkpoint ratio in patients with breast cancer.

Background: Accumulating evidences suggested that immune checkpoints (ICPs) played an important role in malignancies including breast cancer (BRCA). We aimed to investigate whether inhibitory-to-stimulatory immune checkpoint ratio (ISICPR) could be used as a prognostic marker for BRCA.

Methods: BRCA patients were enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Perceptual interactions of key aroma compounds in Fu brick tea: Odor threshold, sensory, and E-nose analysis.

While extensive research has focused on the flavor of Fu brick tea (FBT), the perceptual interactions among its aromatic components remain unclear. To address this, twenty representative aroma compounds were selected from FBT to determine their thresholds and evaluate their interactions by analyzing threshold changes before and after mixing. The results revealed discrepancies between the determined thresholds and literature values, particularly for -terpineol, methyl heptenone, and geranylacetone, which demonstrated ratios of 73.

scLTNN: an innovative tool for automatically visualizing single-cell trajectories.

Motivation: Cellular state identification and trajectory inference enable the computational simulation of cell fate dynamics using single-cell RNA sequencing data. However, existing methods for constructing cell fate trajectories demand substantial computational resources or prior knowledge of the developmental process.

Results: Here, based on the discovery of the consistent expression distribution of highly variable genes, we create a new tool named scRNA-seq latent time neural network (scLTNN) by combining an artificial neural network with a distribution model.

A Protocol for Body MRI/CT and Extraction of Imaging-Derived Phenotypes (IDPs) from the China Phenobank Project.

Currently, standard protocols for body imaging and corresponding image processing pipelines in population-based cohort studies are unavailable, limiting the applications of body imaging. Based on the China Phenobank Project (CHPP), the present study described a body imaging protocol for multiple organs, including cardiac structures, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, lung, prostate, and uterus, and the corresponding image processing pipelines promoted its development. Briefly, the body imaging protocol comprised a 40-min cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, a 5-min computed tomography (CT) scan, a 20-min abdominal MRI scan, and a 10-min pelvic MRI scan.

Herbal medicine as a potential treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a global public health concern, affecting over one-quarter of the global population. It is closely associated with the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Current treatment options for NAFLD are limited and often have side effects.

Total saponins from regulate the ferritin heavy chain to reduce inflammation in aging adipose tissue by mediating iron metabolism.

Background: Inflammation is a key factor contributing to aging-related morbidities. Inflammation is intimately linked to the iron metabolism in macrophages, and ferritin heavy chain (Fth) is the basis of iron metabolism in macrophages. Regulating Fth to control iron metabolism may help to reduce inflammation in macrophages, which can ultimately help to alleviate certain aging-related diseases.

exerts cardioprotective effect post myocardial infarction by attenuating myocardial fibrosis and inflammation through SIRT1 signaling pathways.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis and inflammation induce adverse cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction (MI). () is beneficial for diverse cardiovascular diseases. However, the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism underlying cardiac remodeling are largely unclear.

The molecular mechanism of ginsenoside Rh2 and its octyl ester derivative on anti-angiogenesis in cancer treatment: The battle between PI3K and ROS.

Background: The cancer treatments that target tumor associated angiogenesis (TAA) induced by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) have become valued. Ginsenoside Rh2 has been proved to inhibit TAA through VEGFA. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Establishing a cryopreserved biobank of living tumor tissues for drug sensitivity testing.

The cryopreservation of cancer tissues to generate frozen libraries is a common practice used worldwide for storing patient samples for later applications. However, frozen samples stored by existing methods cannot be used for initiating living cell cultures, such as patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs), which offer great potential for personalized treatment. To overcome this challenge, we developed a novel procedure for culturing PDOs using frozen live tumor tissues.

Efficacy and Safety of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Compared With Transforaminal Route Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Decompression in the Treatment of Lumbar Spinal stenosis: Minimum 1-year Follow-up.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) decompression and transforaminal route percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression (PELD) for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), assessing 1-year clinical outcomes.

Methods: A total of 120 patients (64 UBE, 56 PELD) diagnosed with LSS in 2021 were evaluated. Perioperative outcomes included overall operation time, extracanal operative time, intracanal decompression time, incision length, fluoroscopy time, estimated blood loss, preoperative and postoperative day 3 hb levels, length of post-operative hospital stays, total expenses, postoperative complications.

Imaging characteristics of pediatric primary thymic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma: case reports of four children with a literature review.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the imaging characteristics of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) in children's thymi.

Methods: Four pediatric cases of primary thymic LELC confirmed by needle biopsy pathology from our research center were enrolled. All children underwent an enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) examination.

Evaluating the predictive value of clinical models for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

Objectives: Chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) is a prevalent liver disease with primary hepatic carcinoma (HCC) as a severe complication. Clinical prediction models have gained attention for predicting HBV-related HCC (HBV-HCC). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of existing models for HBV-HCC through meta-analysis.

Systematic review of well-being interventions for minority healthcare workers.

Introduction: Healthcare workers' well-being is of utmost importance given persistent high rates of burnout, which also affects quality of care. Minority healthcare workers (MHCW) face unique challenges including structural racism and discrimination. There is limited data on interventions addressing the psychological well-being of MHCW.

Independent and interactive effects of viral species on risk for lower respiratory tract illnesses in early life.

Importance: All children experience upper respiratory tract illnesses (URI) caused by viral infections. However, some of these illnesses progress to the lower airways. Although studies have found infection with certain viral species are more likely to trigger lower respiratory illnesses (LRIs), a comprehensive analysis of viruses underlying early-life LRIs is lacking.

Red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio is correlated with prognosis of patients in coronary care unit.

Background: As red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio (RA) as an independent predictor of the prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU).

Aim: To use the RDW and albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients in the CCU.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care III database.