Enhancing production of herpes simplex virus type 1 in oral epithelial cells by co-infection with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Background/purpose: The association between herpetic/bacterial co-infection and periodontal diseases has been reported. However, how interactions between herpesviruses and periodontal bacteria dampen periodontal inflammation is still unclear. This study determined effects of co-infection with oral bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected oral epithelial cells.

Dinotefuran alters Collembola-fungi-bacteria interactions that control mineralization of maize and soil organic carbon.

Rare studies investigated influence of neonicotinoid insecticides on the whole soil biota including non-target invertebrates and microorganisms. And less is known about the consequent intervention on soil C processes. This study aimed to decipher Collembola-fungi-bacteria interactive effects on pathways of maize C translocation, combining isotopic tracer analysis of relevant compartments with high-throughput sequencing for bacterial and fungal genetic profiles.

Modulation of proinflammatory mediators by viruses-bacteria synergism in human osteoblasts-an in vitro study.

Background/purpose: Viruses-bacteria synergistic interaction is associated with destructive periodontal diseases. However, the underlying mechanism for tissue destruction is not fully elucidated. In this study, lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) were used to simulate bacteria and viruses, respectively.

Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and acyclovir on herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in oral epithelial cells.

Background/purpose: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the pathogenic agent of human diseases, including gingivostomatitis and herpes labialis. The anti-viral activities of the tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been demonstrated. This study examined the combined effects of EGCG and the antiviral drug, acyclovir (ACV), on infection of HSV-1 in oral epithelial cells.

Gain in carbon: Deciphering the abiotic and biotic mechanisms of biochar-induced negative priming effects in contrasting soils.

The biochar-induced priming effects (PEs) were investigated by applying maize straw (C4) derived biochar to eight C3 soils, with a gradient of pH and a sub-gradient of soil organic carbon (SOC). To decipher the physicochemical and microbial mechanisms, we adopted C-isotopic analysis, high-throughput sequencing and multivariate statistical analyses such as random forest (RF) and structure equation modeling (SEM). Negative and neutral PEs were observed up to -48.

Assessment of Bacterial Communities and Predictive Functional Profiling in Soils Subjected to Short-Term Fumigation-Incubation.

Previous investigations observed that when soil was fumigated with ethanol-free CHCl3 for 24 h and then incubated under appropriate conditions, after the initial flush of CO2 was over, soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization continued at the same rate as in the non-fumigated soil. This indicates that, following fumigation, the much diminished microbial population still retained the same ability to mineralize SOC as the much larger non-fumigated population. We hypothesize that although fumigation drastically alters the soil bacterial community abundance, composition, and diversity, it has little influence on the bacterial C-metabolic functions.

Sulforaphane attenuates EGFR signaling in NSCLC cells.

Background: EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is frequently overexpressed and mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used in the treatment of many cancers, including NSCLC. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance to TKI remains a common obstacle.