ATM Expression Is Elevated in Established Radiation-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells and Improves DNA Repair Efficiency.

Repair of damaged DNA induced by radiation plays an important role in the development of radioresistance, which greatly restricts patients' benefit from radiotherapy. However, the relation between radioresistance development and DNA double-strand break repair pathways (mainly non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination) and how these pathways contribute to radioresistance are unclear. Here, we established a radioresistant breast cancer cell line by repeated ionizing radiation and studied the alteration in DNA repair capacity.

Oridonin induces Mdm2-p60 to promote p53-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma.

Oridonin could induce NB (neuroblastoma) cells growth inhibition by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the molecular mechanisms behind the effects deserve to be further explored. Here, oridonin was confirmed to cause the reactivation of p53 (cellular tumor antigen p53) to promote the expression of a series of apoptosis- and cell cycle arrest-related proteins for the biological effects. During the process, oridonin relied on the caspase activation to cleave p53-induced Mdm2 (E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2) to generate Mdm2-p60.

Noninvasive indicators predict advanced liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis patients.

Background: Liver biopsy is the criterion standard for diagnosing liver fibrosis, but it is not widely used to monitor liver fibrosis because of the invasiveness, risk of complications, and sample errors. Therefore, it is necessary to involve other techniques to monitor liver fibrosis or cirrhosis during clinical practice. The objective was to explore noninvasive indicators to predict advanced liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients.

Inhibitory effects of salvianolic acid B on CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis through regulating NF-κB/IκBα signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hepatic fibrosis, a precursor of liver cirrhosis, is a consequence of severe liver damage that occurs in many patients with chronic liver diseases. Salvianolic acid B (SA-B) is one of water soluble compounds derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) widely used for chronic liver diseases. In this study we investigated the protective effects of SA-B on CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis.

Antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects of the intraperitoneal administration of Kanglaite in vivo in Lewis lung carcinoma.

Aims Of The Study: Kanglaite (KLT) is a useful antitumor drug with proven effects when combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. We hypothesize that KLT has antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects in Lewis lung carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: C57BL/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma were divided into four groups: the control group (C), cisplatin group (1 mg/kg, DDP), low KLT group (6.

Tiron protects against UVB-induced senescence-like characteristics in human dermal fibroblasts by the inhibition of superoxide anion production and glutathione depletion.

Background/objectives:   Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated by UV irradiation, may induce an irreversible growth arrest similar to senescence. Tiron, 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene disulfonic acid, is a widely used antioxidant to rescue ROS-evoked cell death. The aim of the article was to explore the effects of tiron on skin photoaging and associated mechanisms.

Oridonin induces apoptosis and senescence by increasing hydrogen peroxide and glutathione depletion in colorectal cancer cells.

We recently demonstrated that oridonin could induce apoptosis and senescence of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the involvement of reactive oxygen species in oridonin-induced cell death and senescence was investigated in colon adenocarcinoma-derived SW1116 cells.

Oridonin induces apoptosis and senescence in colorectal cancer cells by increasing histone hyperacetylation and regulation of p16, p21, p27 and c-myc.

Background: Oridonin, a tetracycline diterpenoid compound, has the potential antitumor activities. Here, we evaluate the antitumor activity and action mechanisms of oridonin in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Effects of oridonin on cell proliferation were determined by using a CCK-8 Kit.

WITHDRAWN: Study on tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and protection of ischemic preconditioning of type 1 diabetes rat heart.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.

RNAi targeting ryanodine receptor 2 protects rat cardiomyocytes from injury caused by simulated ischemia-reperfusion.

The effects of a small interfering RNA targeting ryanodine receptor 2 (si-Ryr2) on cardiomyocytes injury following a simulated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) were investigated. Pretreated with si-Ryr2 or ryanodine, primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were subjected to a protocol of simulated I/R. Compared with control, the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly augmented after I/R.

[Protective effects of rhu TNFR: Fc against the lipopolysaccharide induced intestinal damage of rats and its underlying mechanism].

To investigate the protective effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein (rhu TNFR: Fc) against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced intestinal damage of rats and its underlying mechanism. SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, rhuTNFR: Fc group, LPS group and rhu TNFR: Fc + LPS group. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was continuously monitored and the mortality rates were assessed.

[Effect of ryanodine receptor 2 gene silencing on ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat myocardial cells].

Objectives: To block the synthesis of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) in myocardial cells by RNA interference and to investigate its biological impact on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rat myocardial cells.

Methods: Rat myocardial cells were isolated and cultured for an I/R model in vitro. RNA interference technique was used to block the synthesis of RyR2 in myocardial cells.

Soluble TNFR II/IgG1 Fc fusion protein treatment in the LPS-mediated septic shock of rats.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is thought to play a major role in systemic inflammation associated with sepsis. A potent TNF antagonist, a recombinant fusion protein that consists of the soluble TNF receptor (p75) linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (sTNFR II/IgG1 Fc fusion protein, sTNFR:Fc), has been shown to provide rapid and sustained improvement in local inflammation diseases by binding TNF-alpha and preventing its proinflammatory activities. To explore the potential therapeutic efficacy for septic shock of sTNFR:Fc, we investigate the effect of this molecule on the survival rate, blood pressure, serum TNF-alpha bioactivity as well as the expression of TNF-alpha at mRNA level in the liver in a LPS-induced rat septic shock model.