Chitosan-Based Bioactive Hemostatic Agents with Antibacterial Properties-Synthesis and Characterization.

Massive blood loss is responsible for numerous causes of death. Hemorrhage may occur on the battlefield, at home or during surgery. Commercially available biomaterials may be insufficient to deal with excessive bleeding.

Structural Transformations in Austenitic Stainless Steel Induced by Deuterium Implantation: Irradiation at 295 K.

Deuterium thermal desorption spectra were investigated on the samples of austenitic steel 18Cr10NiTi pre-implanted at 295 K with deuterium ions in the dose range from 8 × 10(14) to 2.7 × 10(18) D/cm(2). The kinetics of structural transformation development in the steel layer was traced from deuterium thermodesorption spectra as a function of deuterium concentration.

Structural transformations in austenitic stainless steel induced by deuterium implantation: irradiation at 100 K.

Deuterium thermal desorption spectra were investigated on the samples of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi preimplanted at 100 K with deuterium ions in the dose range from 3 × 10(15) to 5 × 10(18) D/cm(2). The kinetics of structural transformation development in the implantation steel layer was traced from deuterium thermodesorption spectra as a function of implanted deuterium concentration. At saturation of austenitic stainless steel 18Cr10NiTi with deuterium by means of ion implantation, structural-phase changes take place, depending on the dose of implanted deuterium.

[Effect of "polyen" on modified serum albumin in athletes under physical load].

It has been shown that during adaptation to muscle loads in organism of sportsmen serum albumin liganding becomes more intensive (particular by POL products), the protein effective concentration reduces and the formation of protein modificated form. After use of biopreparation "Polyen" containing polyunsaturated fatty acids w3, the ligand redistribution is realized, the conformational state of albumin is stabilized.

[Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing food additives on erythrocyte enzyme activities and on hemoglobin affinity to oxygen in highly and low trained volleyball players during physical exertion].

It has been determined that in erythrocytes of high-qualified and low-qualified sportsmen-volleyboll after use of biopreparation "Polien", contained polyunsaturated fatty acids, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway reactions are intensified and glutathione reductase activity are decreased. At the same time the affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen in stabilized in organism of sportsmen before and after intensive muscle work. It has been shown, that specific and nonspecific changes of biochemical indexes are realized in organism of sportsmen with different qualification under intensive muscle work.

[Structure-activity features of serum albumin in athletes under physical load].

By circular dichroism the secondary structure of serum albumin has been studied in organism of high-qualified volleyball-sportsmen. It has been determined that changes in percentage correlation of alpha- and beta-structures of sportsmen serum albumin were combined with decrease of protein reserve functional activity and with its intensified liganding by substance of lipid and carbohydrate nature.

[The effect of biological food supplements containing polyunsaturated fatty acids on the erythrocyte enzyme activity and on the hemoglobin oxygen affinity in volleyball players exposed to intensive physical loading].

It has been determined that in erythrocytes of professional volley-ball players given biopreparation "Polien" containing polyunsaturated fatty acids glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway reactions are intensified and glutathione reductase activity decreased. At the same time the affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen stabilized in the sportsmen before and after intensive muscle load.

[Laser diaphanoscopy for inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses].

After puncture or catheterization of the accessory nasal sinuses, the intensity of helium-neon laser inserted into the cavity under examination was recorded by means of a specially designed manipular. The laser beam intensity that penetrated the wall was found to correspond to the degree of its inflammation. The high level of objective information obtained allows assessment of pathological developments and therapeutic effectiveness.

[Endoscopic laser surgery of the trachea].

Bronchoscopic laser operative interventions with the use of yttrium- aluminum -garnet laser were carried out in 36 patients with various pathological structures of the trachea. Laser endosurgery was applied as radical and palliative types of therapy. Endoscopic laser interventions make it possible to remove completely benign and carcinoid tumors, correct some types of cicatricial stenoses, restore continuity of the trachea, and remove respiratory insufficiency in inoperable malignant neoplasms with exophytic growth.

Endobronchial surgery of trachea and bronchi.

Bronchoscopic operative interventions were performed in 57 patients. We used photocoagulation with neodym-YAG-Laser, electrosurgery with fibroscopic diathermic snare and mechanical removal of endobronchial neoplasms. The most effective method was the laser photocoagulation, which permits removal of benign tumors, carcinoids, massive cicatrical tracheal stenosis and noninvasive bronchial cancer, help in restoring the lumen of main airways in case of nonoperable malignant tumors.

[Internal biliary fistulae and acute intestinal cholelithic obstruction].

From 1945 to 1976 the authors observed 19 patients with internal biliodigestive fistulae. 2 types of the clinical picture were noted: cholangitis phenomena and acute cholelithic ileus. In one patient only internal biliodigestive fistulae were diagnosed preoperatively.