Overcoming Low mRNA Expression in White Matter: A Protocol for RNA Extraction From the Optic Nerve in Large Animals for Transcriptomic Analysis.

Purpose: White matter (WM) abnormalities are associated with various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and the optic nerve provides a unique opportunity to study WM pathology. Large animal models offer a more suitable platform for preclinical testing of novel therapeutic strategies for optic neuropathy due to their similarities to humans in size and relevant anatomy. Transcriptomic analyses of optic nerve tissue are essential for understanding the underlying pathological mechanisms.

Delayed Surgical Reversal of Optic Nerve Compression Leads to Exponential Degeneration of Optic Nerve Fibers and Selective Sparing of the Small Fibers.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical reversal of experimental optic nerve compression in treating persistent compressive optic neuropathy and to explore the relationship between surgical outcomes and the timing of the procedure.

Methods: Surgical reversal procedures (decompression surgery) were conducted at five time intervals: 1, 3, and 7 days and 2 and 3 weeks following optic nerve compression in a rabbit model. The groups were labeled as DC-1d, DC-3d, DC-7d, DC-2w, and DC-3w, respectively.

The Pivotal Function of SLC16A1 and SLC16A1-AS1 in Cancer Progress: Molecular Pathogenesis and Prognosis.

More than 300 membranes make up the SLC family of transporters, utilizing an ion gradient or electrochemical potential difference to move their substrates across biological membranes. The SLC16 gene family contains fourteen members. Proton-linked transportation of monocarboxylates can be promoted by the transporters MCT1, which the SLC16A1 gene family encodes.

The Indispensable Roles of GMDS and GMDS-AS1 in the Advancement of Cancer: Fucosylation, Signal Pathway and Molecular Pathogenesis.

Fucosylation is facilitated by converting GDP-mannose to GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose, which GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, a crucial enzyme in the route, carries out. One of the most prevalent glycosylation alterations linked to cancer has reportedly been identified as fucosylation. There is mounting evidence that GMDS is intimately linked to the onset and spread of cancer.

In defense of local descriptor-based few-shot object detection.

State-of-the-art image object detection computational models require an intensive parameter fine-tuning stage (using deep convolution network, etc). with tens or hundreds of training examples. In contrast, human intelligence can robustly learn a new concept from just a few instances (i.

PeNet: A feature excitation learning approach to advertisement click-through rate prediction.

Since the physical meaning of the fields of the dataset is unknown, we have to use the feature interaction method to select the correlated features and exclude uncorrelated features. The current state-of-the-art methods employ various methods based on feature interaction to predict advertisement Click-Through Rate (CTR); however, the feature interaction based on potential new feature mining is rarely considered, which can provide effective assistance for feature interaction. This motivates us to investigate methods that combine potential new features and feature interactions.

Comparison of the surgical outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in chronic dacryocystitis with or without previous bicanalicular silicone tube intubation.

Aims: To compare the outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) in chronic dacryocystitis (CD) with or without previous bicanalicular silicone tube intubation (BSTI), and investigate whether previous BSTI influenced postoperative outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of CD patients (group A) who had previously undergone BSTI for nasolacrimal duct stenosis and an age- and sex-matched control group of CD patients (group B) without previous intubation receiving En-DCR from November 2017 to January 2022. Sixty-one patients (61 eyes) were included in group A and age- and sex-matched 122 patients (122 eyes) in group B.

Goats with low levels of AAV antibody may serve as candidates for large animal gene therapy.

AAV vector-mediated gene therapy has been proposed as a feasible strategy for several eye diseases. However, AAV antibodies in the serum prior to treatment hinder the transduction efficiency and thus the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate AAV antibodies in the serum before gene therapy.

Reducing the Risk of Benthic Algae Outbreaks by Regulating the Flow Velocity in a Simulated South-North Water Diversion Open Channel.

The reduction in open-channel flow velocity due to China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNP) increases the risk of benthic algal community blooms resulting in drinking water safety issues. Consequently, it has attracted attention from all walks of life. However, regulatory measures to mitigate the risk of algal blooms and the main risk-causing factors are unclear.

Microbial community structure characteristics among different karst aquifer systems, and its potential role in modifying hydraulic properties of karst aquifers.

Little is known about how microbial activity affects the hydraulic properties of karst aquifers. To explore the potential impacts of microbial activity on the hydraulic properties of karst aquifers, microbiological analysis, heat tracer, isotope (dissolved inorganic carbon isotope, δC) and aqueous geochemical analyses were conducted at six monitoring wells in Northern Guangdong Province, China. Greater hydraulic conductivity corresponded to a low temperature gradient to an extent; the temperature gradient in karst groundwater aquifers can reflect the degree of dissolution.

Determining Critical Thresholds of Environmental Flow Restoration Based on Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity (P-IBI): A Case Study in the Typical Tributaries of Poyang Lake.

Hydropower construction and climate change have aggravated river hydrological changes, which have reduced the water flow regime in the Ruhe River Basin. The reduced flow of the river seriously affected the water supply of nearby residents and the operation of the river ecosystem. Therefore, in order to alleviate the contradiction between water use for hydropower facilities and environmental water use, the urgent need is to explore the ecological flow-threshold of rivers.

The microbial community and functional indicators response to flow restoration in gradient in a simulated water flume.

Flow reduction has greatly affected the river ecological systems, and it has attracted much attention. However, less attention has been paid to response to flow restoration, especially flow restoration in gradient. Flow regime of rivers may affect river functional indicators and microbial community structure.

B-Site Fe/Re Cation-Ordering Control and Its Influence on the Magnetic Properties of SrFeReO Oxide Powders.

Double-perovskite oxide SrFeReO (SFRO) powders have promising applications in spintronics due to their half-metallicity and high Curie temperature. However, their magnetic properties suffer from the existence of anti-site defects (ASDs). Here, we report on the synthesis of SFRO powders by the sol-gel process.

A new classification network for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in class-imbalance MRI datasets.

Automatic identification of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can effectively assist to doctors diagnose and treat Alzheimer's. Current methods improve the accuracy of AD recognition, but they are insufficient to address the challenge of small interclass and large intraclass differences. Some studies attempt to embed patch-level structure in neural networks which enhance pathologic details, but the enormous size and time complexity render these methods unfavorable.

The Dual Functions of Non-Coding RNA CRNDE in Different Tumors.

Long non-coding RNA has attracted the interest of researchers as a relevant factor that can influence human cancers. As an oncogene and suppressor gene, it has numerous pathways and is closely related to the pathophysiology of human diseases. Meanwhile, it may become a novel treatment option and target for tumor treatment.

Few-Shot Text Classification with Global-Local Feature Information.

Meta-learning frameworks have been proposed to generalize machine learning models for domain adaptation without sufficient label data in computer vision. However, text classification with meta-learning is less investigated. In this paper, we propose SumFS to find global top-ranked sentences by extractive summary and improve the local vocabulary category features.

Quantifying the impacts of anthropogenic activity on chemical weathering based on source identification of hydrochemistry: the Liuxi river basin, southern China.

The impact of anthropogenic activity on chemical weathering is still an open and significant topic that requires clarification to improve the understanding of watershed evolution. We analyzed river water and rainwater samples to characterize the variation in hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors. Samples were taken from the Liuxi River Basin (LRB), the only local drinking water supply for Guangzhou, and we studied geochemical parameters, major ions, and Si concentrations.

Characteristics, Sources, and Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil and Surface Water from the Liuxi River Basin, South China.

The concentrations, composition, sources, and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in topsoil and surface water of the Liuxi River basin, south China were analyzed in this study. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 296.26 to 888.

Identification of the dominant hydrogeochemical processes and characterization of potential contaminants in groundwater in Qingyuan, China, by multivariate statistical analysis.

In karst areas, groundwater is an important water source for drinking and irrigation purposes; however, karst aquifers are vulnerable and recovery from damage is difficult. We collected surface water (pond and river water) and groundwater (hand-pump well, dug well, and borehole water) samples in Qingyuan city, China, to determine the major chemicals in the water with the primary goals of evaluating the geochemical composition, identifying the geochemical processes governing the water chemistry, and identifying the probable sources of potential contaminants in shallow and deep groundwater in the study area. The results revealed marked differences in water chemistry between shallow and deep groundwater.

Seasonal characteristics of chemical compositions and sources identification of PM in Zhuhai, China.

Fine particulate matter is associated with adverse health effects, but exactly which characteristics of PM are responsible for this is still widely debated. We evaluated seasonal dynamics of the composition and chemical characteristics of PM in Zhuhai, China. PM characteristics at five selected sites within Zhuhai city were analyzed.

Contamination, potential mobility, and origins of lead in sediment cores from the Shima River, south China.

Identifying contamination sources of environmental media and revealing their changing trends over time is useful for regional contamination control and environmental improvements. Four sediment cores (S1-S4) were collected from the Shima River to determine lead (Pb) concentrations, geochemical fractions and isotopic compositions, as well as the geochronology of core S3. The results show that Pb concentrations decreased from the upper and middle reach sites (means: 57.

Co/Fe-bimetallic organic framework-derived carbon-incorporated cobalt-ferric mixed metal phosphide as a highly efficient photocatalyst under visible light.

A new bimetallic Co/Fe-MOF was synthesized and phosphatized to produce a visible-light-active Co/Fe binary metal phosphide embedded in a mesoporous carbon matrix (denoted by CoP/FeP@mC). The results of X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy reveal the formation of CoP and FeP nanoparticles together with the Co and Fe metallic state. Combining the high electron-hole separation rate of FeP@mC, fast electron transfer of CoP@mC, and the strong adsorption of mesoporous carbon, the as-prepared CoP/FeP@mC catalyst exhibits substantially enhanced photocatalytic activity toward rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible light irradiation.

Identification of anti-inflammatory active ingredients from Tumuxiang by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-MS.

The dried roots of Inula helenium L. (IH) and Inula racemosa Hook f. (IR) are used commonly as folk medicine as 'tumuxiang' (TMX).

Identification of post-translational modifications of Aβ peptide in platelet membranes from patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by cerebrovascular amyloid deposition. It contributes to the rate of cognitive decline in older individuals and is present in >90% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), with no cure so far. Molecular modifications during CAA should be elucidated to improve its diagnosis and treatment.

Bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in sediment cores from the Shima River, South China.

Five sediment cores (S1-S5) were collected from the Shima River to determine the bioavailability of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) using the modified European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) procedure. The toxic effects of polluted sediment were assessed using the LUMISTox bioassay with Vibrio fischeri and chemical models such as the toxicity unit (TU) of each metal, sum of all TUs (∑TU), and toxic risk index (TRI). The results showed that Cd, Ni, and Zn were present mainly in the acid-soluble and residual fractions, and the residual fraction of Cr accounted for the majority of the metal content (44%), while Cu was present mainly in the reducible and residual fractions.