A Cell-Penetrating Peptide Improves Anti-HER2 Single-Chain Variable Fragment Internalization and Antitumor Activity against HER2-Positive Breast Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo.

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are invaluable tools for delivering various substances into cells by crossing biological membranes. However, the effects of cell-penetrating peptide fusion proteins on the biological activity of antibodies remain to be fully understood. Here, we engineered a recombinant protein, LP-scFv, which combines the single-chain variable region of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 with a novel and non-oxic cell-penetrating peptide as a leader peptide.

Microbiome-metabolomics analysis insight into the effects of dietary resistant starch on intestinal integrity.

Resistant starch (RS) has caught much attention for its potential to exert a beneficial impact on intestine and certain members of its resident microbiota. In this study, we examined how dietary RS promotes intestinal barrier in meat ducks by microbiome-metabolomics analysis. Ducklings were fed corn-soybean basal diet or RS diet.

Calcium supplementation in low nutrient density diet for meat ducks improves breast meat tenderness associated with myocyte apoptosis and proteolytic changes.

To define the relationship between dietary nutrient density, calcium (Ca), and meat quality in meat ducks. A total of 288 male Cherry Valley SM3 medium ducklings were fed a common standard starter diet until d 14. At 15 d of age, ducks were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups and fed either a conventional diet or a low nutrient density (LND) diet.

Peptide identification of hepatocyte growth-promoting factor and its function in cytoprotection and promotion of liver cell proliferation through the JAK2/STAT3/c-MYC pathway.

Hepatocyte growth-promoting factor (pHGF) has a significant effect in promoting liver cell proliferation and restoring liver function. In this study, 815 short peptides of pHGF were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), of which 574 short peptides were assigned to 152 proteins related to hemoglobin subunits and some catalytic enzymes, indicating that pHGF might participate in the oxidation-reduction process by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Proteomic analysis was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in SMMC-7721 and L-02 cells after pHGF treatment, which suggested that pHGF had a significant impact on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the cell cycle of liver cells.

Effects of a Chinese herbal extract on the intestinal tract and aquaporin in Adriamycin-induced nephropathy.

Wuling Decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to open knots, benefit water, transform Qi, return fluid, and has a significant effect on strengthening the spleen and removing dampness. To explore the effects of Wuling Decoction on the intestinal tract and aquaporin in Adriamycin-induced nephropathy, 45 specific pathogen free (SPF) Wistar rats were randomly divided into a blank control group (5 rats), Dosing control group (10 rats), Adriamycin nephropathy model group (10 rats), diarrhea group (10 rats), and an Adriamycin nephropathy diarrhea model group (10 rats). The tissue localization of aquaporin (AQP) was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Limitation and Potential Effects of Different Levels of Aging Corn on Performance, Antioxidative Capacity, Intestinal Health, and Microbiota in Broiler Chickens.

Three-hundred and sixty-day-old male broilers underwent three treatments with six replicates of 20 birds per treatment. The experimental diets included NC: normal corn diet; ACL: lower level (39.6-41.

Effect of organic acids on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and immunity of broiler chickens with and without coccidial challenge.

A total of 360-day-old broiler chicks were allocated into six groups in 2 (Coccidial challenge or not) × 3 (dietary treatments) factorial design. Three dietary treatments including: basic diet, basic diet plus organic acids (OAs) in drinking water, and basic diet plus OAs in the feed with and without coccidial challenge. The OAs in water or feed improved (P < 0.

Dietary tributyrin improves reproductive performance, antioxidant capacity, and ovary function of broiler breeders.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of dietary tributyrin on reproduction performance and ovary function of broiler breeders with different egg laying rate. Two hundred fifty-six AA broiler breeders (48-wk-old) were allocated to 4 treatment in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with the main effects of tributyrin supplementation (0 and 1,000 mg/kg tributyrin [TRI]) and 2 egg laying rate levels (average [AR, 81.01 ± 0.

Effects of Maternal and Progeny Dietary Vitamin E on Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Progeny Chicks before and after Egg Storage.

Two trials were conducted to investigate the effects of maternal and progeny dietary vitamin E (VE) supplementation on the growth performance and antioxidant status of offspring before and after egg storage. A total of 576 75-week-old Ross 308 breeder hens were assigned to three dietary VE treatments (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) with 6 replicates of 32 hens for 12 weeks. Two trials were conducted with offspring hatched from eggs laid at weeks 9 and 12 of breeder feeding trial, respectively.

Dietary supplementation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol increases tibial mass by suppression bone resorption in meat ducks.

Leg problems often result from the rapid weight gain and poor bone quality in modern ducks, leading to a high risk of fractures and continuous pain. We hypothesized that improving bone quality in combination with delaying weight gain via a low nutrient density (LND) diet probably reverses these skeletal abnormalities. Studies indicated that 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D), a vitamin D metabolite, is effective in treating bone-related disorders.

Effect of benzoic acid on production performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbial community of laying hens.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental dietary benzoic acid on production performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens. A total of seven hundred twenty 45-wk-old Lohman pink-shell laying hens were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments: control (CON), diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA1), and 2,000 mg/kg benzoic acid (BA2). Each treatment included 10 replicates of 24 hens; laying hens were monitored for 16 wk.

Impact of Dietary Manganese on Intestinal Barrier and Inflammatory Response in Broilers Challenged with Typhimurium.

Growing concern for public health and food safety has prompted a special interest in developing nutritional strategies for removing waterborne and foodborne pathogens, including . Strong links between manganese (Mn) and intestinal barrier or immune function hint that dietary Mn supplementation is likely to be a promising approach to limit the loads of pathogens in broilers. Here, we provide evidence that Typhimurium ( Typhimurium, 4 × 10 CFUs) challenge-induced intestinal injury along with systemic Mn redistribution in broilers.

Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics analysis and gelling properties in egg albumen of laying hens feeding tea polyphenols.

The tea polyphenol (TP) can improve the egg albumen quality in laying hens; however, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and proteomic changes in the egg albumen remains limited. A total of 720 layers (35-wk-old) were allocated into 5 treatments with TP and were added at 0 (control), 200 (TP200), 400 (TP400), 600 (TP600), and 800 (TP800) mg/kg. It showed that 400 mg/kg TP increases albumen height and Haugh unit (quadratic effect, P < 0.

Proteomic alteration of albumen by dietary vanadium in commercial egg-type layers.

Vanadium (V) is an ultratrace metal with the insulin-tropic properties and is often researched as the diabetes drug. However, in animals, V has been reported to have toxic effects on the development, immunity, oxidation-reduction equilibrium, gastrointestinal function, and so forth. Especially in poultry, supplementation of more than 10 mg of V/kg in the layer diets has been shown to adversely affect the egg production and egg quality.

Dietary supplement of essential oil from oregano affects growth performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal morphology and antioxidant ability in Pekin ducks.

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of oregano essential oil (EO) on growth performance, nutrients utilization, intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier-related gene expression and antioxidant capability in meat ducks. A total of 360 1-day-old ducks were divided into three groups (12 replicates pens per diet of 10 ducks in each pen): negative control (no essential oil or antibiotic), positive control (antibiotic: 500 mg/kg aureomycin of diet) and oregano EO (100 mg/kg of diet). The experiment was carried out for 35 days.

Dietary administration of resistant starch improved caecal barrier function by enhancing intestinal morphology and modulating microbiota composition in meat duck.

Resistant starch (RS) was recently approved to exert a powerful influence on gut health, but the effect of RS on the caecal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well defined. Thus, the effect of raw potato starch (RPS), a widely adopted RS material, on microbial composition and barrier function of caecum for meat ducks was determined. A total of 360 Cherry Valley male ducks of 1-d-old were randomly divided and fed diets with 0 (control), 12, or 24 % RPS for 35 d.

Effect of graded calcium supplementation in low-nutrient density feed on tibia composition and bone turnover in meat ducks.

Both genetic selection and increasing nutrient density for improving growth performance had inadvertently increased leg problems of meat ducks, which adversely affects animal welfare. We hypothesised that slowing weight gain with improving tibia quality probably enhanced tibial mechanical properties and alleviated leg deformities. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of graded Ca supplementation in a low-nutrient density (LND) diet on tibia composition and bone turnover in meat ducks.

Effects of essential oils on performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility and yolk fatty acid profile in laying hens.

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of essential oils on performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility and yolk fatty acid profile in laying hens. A total of 960 laying hens aged 53 weeks were enrolled, under 4 different treatment diets supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg essential oils (Enviva EO, Dupont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Denmark), respectively. Each treatment was replicated 8 times with 30 birds each.

Dietary methionine source and level affect hepatic sulfur amino acid metabolism of broiler breeder hens.

A study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary methionine source and level on plasma free amino acids patterns and the expression of genes involved in hepatic methionine metabolism in broiler breeders. A total of 2184 broiler breeders were assigned to 13 dietary treatments, with eight replicates per treatment. The 13 treatments included one control group and 12 additional treatments employing two sources and six levels (0.

Effect of dietary canthaxanthin and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on the performance of duck breeders under two different vitamin regimens.

Background: Dietary canthaxanthin (CX), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D 3 ) and vitamins have been widely reported to be involved in productive and reproductive performance of broiler breeders. However, limited information is available for duck breeders. In this study, a total of 1,560 Cherry Valley SM3 duck breeder females and 312 males were used to assess if the addition of CX and 25-OH-D3 could increase the performance of duck breeders under two different dietary vitamin regimens.

Effects of a multi-enzyme complex on growth performance, nutrient utilization and bone mineralization of meat duck.

Background: Previous studies with broiler have shown dietary supplementation with multi-enzyme complex containing non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) degrading enzymes and phytase is efficient in releasing phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), energy and amino acids from corn-soybean meal diets or corn-sorghum diets, hence compensating considerable levels of nutrients in formulation. Notwithstanding, such potentials have not been well defined in duck nutrition. Giving China being the largest duck producing country, we conducted this study to establish adequate specifications of major nutrients along with multi-enzyme complex to meat duck from day-old to slaughter, focusing on performance, utilization of nutrients and bone mineralization.

Broilers fed dietary vitamins harbor higher diversity of cecal bacteria and higher ratio of Clostridium, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus than broilers with no dietary vitamins revealed by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries.

Research on the interaction between dietary vitamins and intestinal bacteria is poorly understood. To investigate the effect of dietary vitamins on the cecal bacterial communities, 2 bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from pooled PCR products obtained from the cecal digesta of 28-d broilers fed diets with vitamins (V) at the NRC level or with no vitamins (NV). The results showed that BW gain and average feed intake of V broilers was significantly higher (P < 0.