Impact of baseline FIB-4 score on efpeglenatide benefits on cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: a participant-level exploratory analysis of the AMPLITUDE-O trial.

Aims: To estimate the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), expanded MACE, and MACE or Death across Fibrosis- 4 score (FIB-4) categories in people with type 2 diabetes and to determine whether efpeglenatide's effect varies with increasing FIB-4 severity.

Materials And Methods: AMPLITUDE-O trial data were used to estimate the relationship of FIB-4 score categories to the hazard of MACE, expanded MACE, and MACE or death. Interactions on these outcomes between baseline FIB-4 score, and between FIB-4 score and efpeglenatide were also assessed.

Effect of colchicine on perioperative atrial fibrillation and myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery in patients undergoing major thoracic surgery (COP-AF): an international randomised trial.

Background: Higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of perioperative atrial fibrillation and myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS). Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug that might reduce the incidence of these complications.

Methods: COP-AF was a randomised trial conducted at 45 sites in 11 countries.

Exploring the Relationship Between Efpeglenatide Dose and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From the AMPLITUDE-O Trial.

Background: In the AMPLITUDE-O (Effect of Efpeglenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes) cardiovascular outcomes trial, adding either 4 mg or 6 mg weekly of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist efpeglenatide to usual care reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. Whether these benefits are dose related remains uncertain.

Methods: Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to placebo, 4 mg or 6 mg of efpeglenatide.

Rationale and design of the colchicine for the prevention of perioperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing major noncardiac thoracic surgery (COP-AF) trial.

Background: Perioperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) are common complications after noncardiac surgery. Inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both disorders. The COP-AF trial tests the hypothesis that colchicine reduces the incidence of perioperative AF and MINS in patients undergoing major noncardiac thoracic surgery.

One-Pot Visual Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Using CRISPR-Cas12a.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a leading cause of worldwide agricultural loss. ASFV is a highly contagious and lethal disease for both domestic and wild pigs, which has brought enormous economic losses to a number of countries. Conventional methods, such as general polymerase chain reaction and isothermal amplification, are time-consuming, instrument-dependent, and unsatisfactorily accurate.

Harnessing Multiplex crRNA in the CRISPR/Cas12a System Enables an Amplification-Free DNA Diagnostic Platform for ASFV Detection.

CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein systems have been increasingly incorporated in nucleic-acid diagnosis. CRISPR/Cas12a can cleave single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) after being guided to the target double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with crRNA, making it a specific tool for dsDNA detection. Assisted by nucleic acid preamplification, CRISPR/Cas12a enables dsDNA detection at the attomolar level.

Condensation of 2-((Alkylthio)(aryl)methylene)malononitrile with 1,2-Aminothiol as a Novel Bioorthogonal Reaction for Site-Specific Protein Modification and Peptide Cyclization.

Site-specific modification of peptides and proteins has wide applications in probing and perturbing biological systems. Herein we report that 1,2-aminothiol can react rapidly, specifically and efficiently with 2-((alkylhio)(ryl)ethylene)alononitrile (TAMM) under biocompatible conditions. This reaction undergoes a unique mechanism involving thiol-vinyl sulfide exchange, cyclization, and elimination of dicyanomethanide to form 2-ryl-4,5-ihydrohiazole (ADT) as a stable product.

Chemical and Ribosomal Synthesis of Topologically Controlled Bicyclic and Tricyclic Peptide Scaffolds Primed by Selenoether Formation.

Bicyclic and tricyclic peptides have emerged as promising candidates for the development of protein binders and new therapeutics. However, convenient and efficient strategies that can generate topologically controlled bicyclic and tricyclic peptide scaffolds from fully-unprotected peptides are still much in demand, particularly for those amenable to the design of biosynthetic libraries. In this work, we report a reliable chemical and ribosomal synthesis of topologically controlled bicyclic and tricyclic peptide scaffolds.

Artificial disulfide-rich peptide scaffolds with precisely defined disulfide patterns and a minimized number of isomers.

Disulfide-rich peptides are emerging as potential templates for drug design applications. However, the synthesis and reengineering of disulfide-rich peptides are challenging, owing to the complexity of the oxidative folding process involving a number of diverse isomeric structures. Novel disulfide-rich peptide scaffolds that are not besieged by their disulfide isomers are still greatly desired.

Tunable accessibility of dye-doped liposomes towards gold nanoparticles for fluorescence sensing of lipopolysaccharide.

Inspired by the primitive role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and taking advantage of the membrane-philic properties of amphiphilic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), we established a facile and efficient fluorescence turn-on detection strategy for LPS. Upon binding onto the surface of liposomes, LPS can tailor the accessibility of liposomes towards AuNPs, reminiscent of its primitive function on the surface of bacteria. Thus, while the fluorescence of the dyes labeled on liposomes can be markedly quenched by the membrane-philic AuNPs, the quenching effect can be efficiently prevented by the surface-bound LPS.

[Survival and prognosis of patients with polycythemia vera: a study of 816 patients in a single Chinese center].

Objective: To explore the survival and the risk factors of poor prognosis in Chinese patients with polycythemia vera (PV).

Methods: A total of 816 patients with a definite diagnosis of PV were enrolled from August 1983 to June 2013 into this study. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated by comparing the cumulative survival of 816 PV patients with age- and sex- and calendar year-matched healthy Chinese population from the national bureau of statistics of the People's Republic of China.