Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Nonaqueous Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

This paper emphasizes the critical role of electrolyte selection in enhancing the electrochemical performance of nonaqueous Li-O batteries (LOBs). It provides a comprehensive overview of various electrolyte types and their effects on the electrochemical performance for LOBs, offering insights for future electrolyte screening and design. Despite recent advancements, current electrolyte systems exhibit inadequate stability, necessitating the urgent quest for an ideal nonaqueous electrolyte.

Electron-Donating Zr Induces Suppressed Ru Over-Oxidation and Accelerated Deprotonation Process Toward Efficient and Durable Water Electrolysis.

The scarcity of cost-effective and durable iridium-free anode electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) poses a significant challenge to the widespread application of the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). To address the electrochemical oxidation and dissolution issues of Ru-based electrocatalysts, an electron-donating modification strategy is developed to stabilize WRuO under harsh oxidative conditions. The optimized catalyst with a low Zirconium doping (Zr, 1 wt.

Design and Synthesis of Hederagenin Derivatives for the Treatment of Sepsis by Targeting TAK1 and Regulating the TAK1-NF-κB/MAPK Signaling.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection and is a leading cause of death worldwide. We designed and synthesized a series of hederagenin analogues with anti-inflammatory activity. The most effective compound, , reduced the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.

Achieving advanced hydrogen evolution under large current density using an amorphous/crystalline core-shell electrocatalyst of a-NiCoP/CoP.

Non-precious transition metal-based electrocatalysts with high activities are promising candidates for substituting Pt- or Ru-based electrocatalysts in hydrogen evolution. In this study, we propose core-shell engineering to combine the amorphous NiCoP and crystalline CoP (a-NiCoP/CoP@NF), which requires an ultra-low overpotential of only 26 mV to achieve the benchmark current density of 10 mA cm. Furthermore, it achieves an industrial-level hydrogen evolution current density of 500 mA cm with excellent stability.

Rapid visual detection of hepatitis E virus combining reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification with lateral flow dipstick and real-time fluorescence.

Unlabelled: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a globally prevalent zoonotic pathogen that is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, such as by consuming undercooked or contaminated pork. HEV infection leads to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases of viral hepatitis and 70,000 deaths in human populations each year.

Discovery of a heparan sulfate binding domain in monkeypox virus H3 as an anti-poxviral drug target combining AI and MD simulations.

Viral adhesion to host cells is a critical step in infection for many viruses, including monkeypox virus (MPXV). In MPXV, the H3 protein mediates viral adhesion through its interaction with heparan sulfate (HS), yet the structural details of this interaction have remained elusive. Using AI-based structural prediction tools and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified a novel, positively charged α-helical domain in H3 that is essential for HS binding.

The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Adolescents' Cooperative Tendencies in China: The Mediating Role of Parent-Child Trust.

Does greater parental involvement lead to increased cooperation in their adolescent children? Are the effects of paternal and maternal involvement equivalent? In order to explore the above issues, this study conducted a questionnaire survey of 682 two-parent families to investigate the relationship between parental involvement and adolescents' cooperative tendencies and the mediating role of parent-child trust. The results show that paternal involvement directly predict adolescents' cooperative tendencies, while maternal involvement could not directly predict cooperative tendencies. In addition, parent-child trust mediates the relationship between parental involvement and adolescents' cooperative tendencies.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the NF-Y transcription factor family reveal its potential roles in tobacco ( L.).

Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) represents a group of transcription factors commonly present in higher eukaryotes, typically consisting of three subunits: NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. They play crucial roles in the embryonic development, photosynthesis, flowering, abiotic stress responses, and other essential processes in plants. To better understand the genome-wide NF-Y domain-containing proteins, the protein physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization, synteny, phylogenetic relationships, genomic structure, promoter -elements, and protein interaction network of NtNF-Ys in tobacco ( L.

The Relationship Between the Neighbourhood Environment and Mental Health: Integrating Subjective and Objective Perspectives.

Aims: To explore the relationship between neighbourhood environments and mental health by integrating subjective and objective perspectives.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: From September 2023 to January 2024, adult residents at the physical examination centers of two public hospitals in China completed measurements of subjective neighbourhood environment, depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychological stress, and socio-demographic characteristics.

Survival strategies of cancer cells: the role of macropinocytosis in nutrient acquisition, metabolic reprogramming, and therapeutic targeting.

Macropinocytosis is a nonselective form of endocytosis that allows cancer cells to largely take up the extracellular fluid and its contents, including nutrients, growth factors, etc. We first elaborate meticulously on the process of macropinocytosis. Only by thoroughly understanding this entire process can we devise targeted strategies against it.

Phages adapt to recognize an O-antigen polysaccharide site by mutating the 'backup' tail protein ORF59, enabling reinfection of phage-resistant .

Phages demonstrate remarkable promise as antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, the emergence of phage-resistant strains poses challenges to their effective application. In this paper, we presented the isolation of a phage adaptive mutant that demonstrated enhanced and sustained antibacterial efficacy through the co-evolution of () 111-2 and phage ZX1Δint .

Carotid Endarterectomy Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in Clinical and Experimental Unilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is widely used to treat carotid artery stenosis (CAS). However, the effects of CEA on unilateral CAS-induced cognitive impairment and the underlying mechanism remain poorly understood.

Methods And Results: Thirteen patients diagnosed with unilateral severe CAS underwent pre- and post-CEA assessments, including fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive assessments, and routine blood tests before and after CEA.

The Bidirectional Relationship Between Workplace Bullying and Presenteeism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although previous studies suggest a link between workplace bullying and presenteeism, uncertainties persist regarding the direction, strength, and influencing factors. Understanding the potential mediators and moderators is crucial to addressing these issues in workplace settings.

Objective: This study aims to clarify the bidirectional relationship between workplace bullying and presenteeism, assess the strength and direction of this association, and identify individual and work-related factors that mediate or moderate these interactions.

Multiple Kinase Small Molecule Inhibitor Tinengotinib (TT-00420) Alone or With Chemotherapy Inhibit the Growth of SCLC.

There is an urgent need to develop new targeted treatment agents for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Tinengotinib (TT-00420) is a novel, multi-targeted, and spectrally selective small-molecule kinase inhibitor that has shown significant inhibitory effects on certain solid tumors in preclinical studies. However, its role and mechanism of action in SCLC remain unclear.

Unveiling mitochondrial mysteries: Exploring novel tRNA variants in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The recent study of Ding provides valuable insights into the functional implications of novel mitochondrial tRNA and tRNA variants in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This editorial explores their findings, highlighting the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of T2DM. By examining the molecular mechanisms through which these tRNA variants contribute to disease progression, the study introduces new targets for therapeutic strategies.

What Kinds of Computations Can Young Children Perform Over Non-Symbolic Representations of Small Quantities?

Children can manipulate non-symbolic representations of both small quantities of objects (about four or fewer, represented by the parallel individuation system) and large quantities of objects (represented by the analog magnitude system, or AMS). Previous work has shown that children can perform a variety of non-symbolic operations over AMS representations (like summing and solving for an unknown addend), but are not able to perform further operations on the derived solutions of such non-symbolic operations. However, while the computational capacity of AMS has been studied extensively in early childhood, less is known about the computational capacity of the parallel individuation system.

Advancing treatment strategies: Insights from network meta-analysis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

This study examines the pivotal findings of the network meta-analysis of Zhou , which evaluated the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and combination therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This meta-analysis suggests that therapeutic combinations have greater efficacy than do standard treatments. The article highlights the key insights that have the potential to shift current clinical practice and enhance outcomes for patients with advanced HCC.

Antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus infection is beneficial for the prognosis hepatocellular carcinoma.

In this editorial, we comment on the article by Mu , published in the recent issue of the . We pay special attention to the immune tolerance mechanism caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the role of antiviral therapy in treating HCC related to HBV infection. HBV infection leads to systemic innate immune tolerance by directly inhibiting pattern recognition receptor recognition and antiviral signaling pathways, as well as by inhibiting the immune functions of macrophages, natural killer cells and dendritic cells.

Two-year clinical outcomes of Taiwanese and other Asian ethnicities with atrial fibrillation treated with edoxaban in the ETNA-AF Asia registry.

Background: The non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC), edoxaban, is approved for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in many Asian countries. Nonetheless, data on its long-term effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice are limited in Taiwan.

Methods: The Global ETNA-AF (Edoxaban Treatment in routiNe clinical prActice) registry is an observational study that integrates data of AF patients receiving edoxaban from multiple regional registries.

Predicting Time to First Rejection Episode in Lung Transplant Patients Using a Comprehensive Multi-Indicator Model.

Background: Rejection hinders long-term survival in lung transplantation, and no widely accepted biomarkers exist to predict rejection risk. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model using laboratory data to predict the time to first rejection episode in lung transplant recipients.

Methods: Data from 160 lung transplant recipients were retrospectively collected.

IINS Vs CALLY Index: A Battle of Prognostic Value in NSCLC Patients Following Surgery.

Objective: This research sought to assess the predictive potential of the inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS) and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index in individuals with NSCLC post-surgery.

Methods: The study enrolled 506 patients with NSCLC undergoing R0 resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The training cohort was analyzed utilizing X-tile software to identify the ideal threshold values for categorizing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, albumin, lymphocyte count, and the CALLY index.

Sakuranetin Prevents Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury via Nrf2-Induced Inhibition of Hepatocyte Ferroptosis.

Introduction: Oxidative stress is an important cause of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI). Sakuranetin (Sak) is an antitoxin from the cherry flavonoid plant with good antioxidant effects. However, whether sakuranetine has a protective effect on APAP-induced liver injury is not clear.

Therapeutic efficacy and prognostic indicators in re-resection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights from a retrospective study.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of re-resection in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC), identify prognostic factors, and provide clinical guidance.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 130 rHCC patients undergoing re-resection and 60 primary HCC patients undergoing initial hepatectomy at Peking University People's Hospital (2014-2022). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared.

The high levels of fibrinogen and platelets are associated with poor survival in nephroblastoma in children.

Background: Pediatric nephroblastoma is the most common abdominal malignancy in children. Hyperfibrinogenemia and thrombocytosis are often associated with malignancy and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between high fibrinogen and platelet levels and the clinicopathologic features as well as overall survival in pediatric nephroblastoma.