Logic Computing Field-Effect Transistors Based on a Monolayer WSe Homojunction for the Semi-adder and Decoder.

Two-dimensional reconfigurable field-effect transistors (FETs) are promising candidates for next-generation computing hardware. However, exploring the cascade design of FETs for logic computing remains challenging. Here, by using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method, we design a 5 nm split-gate FET based on a monolayer WSe homojunction, which can implement dynamic polarity control in different gate configurations.

An experienced racial-ethnic diversity dataset in the United States using human mobility data.

Despite the importance of measuring racial-ethnic segregation and diversity in the United States, current measurements are largely based on the Census and, thus, only reflect segregation and diversity as understood through residential location. This leaves out the social contexts experienced throughout the course of the day during work, leisure, errands, and other activities. The National Experienced Racial-ethnic Diversity (NERD) dataset provides estimates of diversity for the entire United States at the census tract level based on the range of place and times when people have the opportunity to come into contact with one another.

Financial globalization and economic growth amid geopolitical risk: A study on China-Russia far East federal district.

Geopolitics, natural resource efficiency and financial globalization have arisen as a new concept for low CO to achieve sustainable economic growth (EG). Therefore, developed and developing economies focus on Geopolitics risk (GPR), natural resource (NRS) efficiency and financial globalization (FG) to cope with CO neutrality targets. In order to understand the elements that contribute to achieving CO neutrality, this study sought to establish a relevant connection between geopolitics, the efficiency of NRS, financial globalization (FNG), and economic growth.

Recharging exhausted parents: How and when involvement in children's education increases working parents' flourishing at home and engagement at work.

Parental involvement in children's education is highly valued and encouraged in many societies. While existing research has mainly focused on the positive effects parental involvement has for children, we argue that engaging in such quality parent-child interactions can also be a resource-gaining process for parents. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory and the work-home resources model, the current study aims to investigate how and when working parents' involvement in children's education enhances their well-being at home and engagement at work.

A high-throughput platform enables in situ screening of fatty acid-producing strains using laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and a Python package.

Microbial fatty acid-producing strains are commonly engineered to improve their performance for industrial applications. However, it is challenging to efficiently and rapidly screen target strains for engineering. This study reported an in situ analytical platform using laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) for fast profiling of triacylglycerols in cellular lipid droplets of Aurantiochytrium sp.

A phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase is involved in the regulation of phospholipids homeostasis in oleaginous Aurantiochytrium sp.

Background: Thraustochytrids have gained attention as a potential source for the production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), where DHA is predominantly stored in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG). The TAG biosynthesis pathways, including the acyl-CoA-dependent Kennedy pathway and the acyl-CoA-independent pathway, have been predicted in thraustochytrids, while the specific details regarding their roles are currently uncertain.

Results: Phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) plays a key role in the acyl-CoA-independent pathway by transferring acyl-group from phospholipids (PL) to diacylglycerol (DAG) to from TAG.

A Two-Stage Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Strategy to Enhance Docosahexaenoic Acid Synthesis in Oleaginous Thraustochytrid.

Thraustochytrid is a promising algal oil resource with the potential to meet the demand for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, oils with high DHA content produced by genetic modified thraustochytrids are not accepted by the food and pharmaceutical industries in many countries. Therefore, in order to obtain non-transgenic strains with high DHA content, a two-stage adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) strategy was applied to the thraustochytrid sp.

Cocktail biosynthesis of triacylglycerol by rational modulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferases in industrial oleaginous Aurantiochytrium.

Background: Triacylglycerol (TAG) is an important storage lipid in organisms, depending on the degree of unsaturation of fatty acid molecules attached to glycerol; it is usually used as the feedstock for nutrition or biodiesel. However, the mechanism of assembly of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into TAGs remains unclear for industrial oleaginous microorganism.

Results: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is a key enzyme for TAG synthesis.

Obtaining High-Purity Docosahexaenoic Acid Oil in Thraustochytrid through a Combined Metabolic Engineering Strategy.

High-purity docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) resources are insufficient in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Although many efforts have attempted to obtain the high-purity DHA production, few reports have been successful. Here, a combined metabolic engineering strategy was employed to increase the DHA purity in the oleaginous thraustochytrid .

Correction to: Well‑Being Reduces COVID‑19 Anxiety: A Three‑Wave Longitudinal Study in China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s10902-021-00385-2.].

Well-Being Reduces COVID-19 Anxiety: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in China.

Unlabelled: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens human beings' livelihoods and mental health, which lowers their well-being and gives rise to anxiety. This study examines whether there is a causal relationship (and, if so, in which direction) between people's well-being and COVID-19 anxiety. Two hundred and twenty-two participants (54.

Enhanced renoprotective effect of GDNF-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on renal interstitial fibrosis.

Background: The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human adipose tissue on renal interstitial fibrosis has been demonstrated by several groups. However, the way to enhance the renoprotective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and the possible mechanisms are still unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-modified AMSCs hold an enhanced protective effect on renal fibrosis.

Perceived Social Support Protects Lonely People Against COVID-19 Anxiety: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in China.

The isolation necessary to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can give rise to anxiety, especially for lonely people who often feel upset without others' company. Although isolated from others, people can still receive support from others, which might lower their COVID-19 anxiety. To examine the relationship between loneliness, perceived social support, and anxiety, we measured 222 Chinese participants' (54.

PUFA-synthase-specific PPTase enhanced the polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis via the polyketide synthase pathway in .

Background: Phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase) can change the acyl-carrier protein (ACP) from an inactive apo-ACP to an active holo-ACP that plays a key role in fatty acids biosynthesis. Currently, the PPTase has been proved to be involved in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via a polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway in Thraustochytrids, while its characteristics are not clarified.

Results: Here, the heterologous PPTase gene () from bacteria was first co-expressed with the PKS system (-) from Thraustochytrid .

Optimizing Eicosapentaenoic Acid Production by Grafting a Heterologous Polyketide Synthase Pathway in the Thraustochytrid .

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an essential nutritional supplement for human health. The most prominent dietary source of EPA is fish oil, which is unsustainable because of the decline in fishery resources and serious environmental pollution. Alternatively, a heterologous polyketide synthase pathway for EPA biosynthesis was assembled in Thraustochytrid .

GDNF enhances the anti-inflammatory effect of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy in renal interstitial fibrosis.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) are a type of adult stem cell from the mesoderm with the capacity to migrate and differentiate into other cell lineages. As a morphogenetic state of stem cells, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been found to promote cell proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. The aims of our study were to investigate the biological activity of AMSCs and whether the GDNF gene can enhance the anti-inflammatory properties of stem cells.

Phytohormones as stimulators to improve arachidonic acid biosynthesis in Mortierella alpina.

Phytohormones are chemical messengers that have a positive effect at low concentrations on the biosynthesis of high-value compounds. Therefore, the effects of phytohormones on lipid and arachidonic acid (ARA) biosynthesis in Mortierella alpina were investigated in this study. At proper concentrations, the stimulatory effects of phytohormones on lipid production were determined to be as follows: 6-benzyl adenine (BA) > indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) > furfuryl adenine (KT) > gibberellin (GA) > indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) > abscisic acid (ABA).

Beraprost sodium mitigates renal interstitial fibrosis through repairing renal microvessels.

Beraprost sodium (BPS), as a prostacyclin analog, plays a significant role in various diseases based on its antiplatelet and vasodilation functions. However, its regulation and role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) still remain elusive. Here, we determined whether BPS could alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis, and improve the renal function and its therapeutic mechanism.

Transplantation of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells Preconditioned with Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Alleviates Renal Fibrosis.

Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs), which exhibit both embryonic and mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, have been shown to mitigate the degree of renal interstitial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether transplantation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-modified AFSCs is more useful than transplantation of unmodified AFSCs for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis. Mice were randomly assigned to a sham-operation group (sham), a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-saline solution group (UUO), an AFSC transplantation group (AFSC) and a GDNF-modified AFSC transplantation group (GDNF-AFSC) and sacrificed at days 3 and 7 post-surgery (six in each group).

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Tool for the Treatment of Renal Fibrosis.

As chronic kidney disease progresses, kidney tissue inevitably undergoes cell loss, accumulation of extracellular matrix, and kidney tissue fibrosis, eventually leading to end-stage renal disease. With the continuous innovation of cell therapy technology, mesenchymal stem cells are used in numerous fields, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and kidney tissue injury repair. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs), a type of pluripotent stem cells, have the potential for self-renewal and proliferation with low immunogenicity and significant anti-inflammatory properties.

The In Vitro Differentiation of GDNF Gene-Engineered Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells into Renal Tubular Epithelial-Like Cells.

Amniotic fluid is an alternative source of stem cells, and human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) obtained from a small amount of amniotic fluid collected during the second trimester represent a novel source for use in regenerative medicine. These AFSCs are characterized by lower diversity, a higher proliferation rate, and a wider differentiation capability than adult mesenchymal stem cells. AFSCs are selected based on the cell surface marker c-kit receptor (CD117) using immunomagnetic sorting.

Protective effect of GDNF-engineered amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on the renal ischaemia reperfusion injury in vitro.

Objectives: Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) possessing multilineage differentiation potential are proposed as a novel and accessible source for cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been hypothesized to promote the therapeutic effect of AFSCs on markedly ameliorating renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AFSCs equipped with GDNF (GDNF-AFSCs) had capabilities of attenuating mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) apoptosis and evaluate its potential mechanisms.

Design of a Fatigue Detection System for High-Speed Trains Based on Driver Vigilance Using a Wireless Wearable EEG.

The vigilance of the driver is important for railway safety, despite not being included in the safety management system (SMS) for high-speed train safety. In this paper, a novel fatigue detection system for high-speed train safety based on monitoring train driver vigilance using a wireless wearable electroencephalograph (EEG) is presented. This system is designed to detect whether the driver is drowsiness.

Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in a murine unilateral ureteral occlusion model.

Aims: Cellular hypoxia has been proposed as a major factor contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic renal injury. Much of our understanding of how mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling promotes renal fibrosis has been based on cell culture studies. Therefore, we used the unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) model to further elucidate the role of the p38 MAPK pathway in renal interstitial fibrosis induced by hypoxia.

[Pharmacokinetics of a long-circulating PEGylated Radix Ophiopogonis polysaccharide].

The pharmacokinetics of a long-circulating PEGylated Radix Ophiopogonis polysaccharide (ROP) was investigated in rats following i.v. or s.