Improving prediction accuracy of spread through air spaces in clinical-stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma using computed tomography imaging models.

Objectives: To develop computed tomography (CT)-based models to increase the prediction accuracy of spread through air spaces (STAS) in clinical-stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Three cohorts of patients with stage T1N0 lung adenocarcinoma (n = 1258) were analyzed retrospectively. Two models using radiomics and deep neural networks (DNNs) were established to predict the lung adenocarcinoma STAS status.

Dynamic Cation Enrichment during Pulsed CO Electrolysis and the Cation-Promoted Multicarbon Formation.

Recently, pulsed electrolysis has been demonstrated as an emerging electrochemical technique that significantly promotes the performance of various electrocatalysis applications. The ionic nature of aqueous electrolytes implies a likely change in ionic distribution under these alternating potential conditions. However, despite the well-known importance of cations, the impact of pulsed electrolysis on the cation distribution remains unexplored as well as its influences on the performance.

CO Laser Crystallization in Ambient for Highly Efficient FAPbI Perovskite Solar Cells.

Metal halide perovskite solar cells have achieved tremendous progress and have attracted enormous research and development efforts since the first report of demonstration in 2009. Due to fabrication versatility, many heat treatment methods can be utilized to achieve perovskite film crystallization. Herein, 10.

Breaking Physical Barrier of Fibrotic Breast Cancer for Photodynamic Immunotherapy by Remodeling Tumor Extracellular Matrix and Reprogramming Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) assist in breast cancer (BRCA) invasion and immune resistance by overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we develop FPC@S, a photodynamic immunomodulator that targets the ECM, to improve the photodynamic immunotherapy for fibrotic BRCA. FPC@S combines a tumor ECM-targeting peptide, a photosensitizer (protoporphyrin IX) and an antifibrotic drug (SIS3).

Is it more effective for anhedonia and avolition? A systematic review and meta-analysis of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions for negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Background: Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques are a promising tool for treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Growing evidence suggests that different dimensions of negative symptoms have partly distinct underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown inconsistent impacts of NIBS across dimensions.

Steering the Dynamics of Reaction Intermediates and Catalyst Surface during Electrochemical Pulsed CO Reduction for Enhanced C Selectivity.

Developing alternative electrolysis techniques is crucial for advancing electrocatalysis in addition to tremendous efforts of material developments. Recently, pulse electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) has demonstrated dramatic selectivity improvement toward multicarbon (C) products compared to potentiostatic electrochemical CORR, yet the underlying mechanisms remain little understood. Herein, we develop a fast time-resolved in situ Raman spectroscopic method with a time resolution of 0.

Indium Cyanamide for Industrial-Grade CO Electroreduction to Formic Acid.

Developing industrial-grade electroreduction of CO to produce formate (HCOO)/formic acid (HCOOH) depends on highly active electrocatalysts. However, structural changes due to the inevitable self-reduction of catalysts result in severe long-term stability issues at industrial-grade current density. Herein, linear cyanamide anion ([NCN])-constructed indium cyanamide nanoparticles (InNCN) were investigated for CO reduction to HCOO with a Faradaic efficiency of up to 96% under a partial current density () of 250 mA cm.

Radiation Chemistry Provides Nanoscopic Insights into the Role of Intermediate Phases in CeO Mesocrystal Formation.

The role of intermediate phases in CeO mesocrystal formation from aqueous Ce solutions subjected to γ-radiation was studied. Radiolytically formed hydroxyl radicals convert soluble Ce into less soluble Ce . Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction studies of samples from different stages of the process allowed the identification of several stages in CeO mesocrystal evolution following the oxidation to Ce : (1) formation of hydrated Ce hydroxides, serving as intermediates in the liquid-to-solid phase transformation; (2) CeO primary particle growth inside the intermediate phase; (3) alignment of the primary particles into "pre-mesocrystals" and subsequently to mesocrystals, guided by confinement of the amorphous intermediate phase and accompanied by the formation of "mineral bridges".

Tuning morphology, composition and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic performance of manganese oxide particles fabricated by γ-radiation induced synthesis.

A γ-radiation induced synthesis method is used to fabricate manganese oxide catalysts through both reduction and oxidation routes. It is shown that the morphology, composition and electrochemical performance of the produced manganese oxide particles can be tuned by altering the redox conditions. The catalysts prepared via radiolytic oxidation have a hollow spherical morphology, possess γ-MnO structure and show high catalytic activity for the complete four-electron reaction pathway of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline electrolyte.

Single crystal structure and opto-electronic properties of oxidized Spiro-OMeTAD.

Single crystals of Spiro(TFSI)2 were grown, the optical and electronic properties were characterized and compared with neutral Spiro-OMeTAD. Density-functional theory was used to get insights into binding and band structure properties. The flat valence bands indicate a rather limited orbital overlap in Spiro(TFSI)2.

Contactless, nondestructive determination of dopant profiles of localized boron-diffused regions in silicon wafers at room temperature.

We develop a photoluminescence-based technique to determine dopant profiles of localized boron-diffused regions in silicon wafers and solar cell precursors employing two excitation wavelengths. The technique utilizes a strong dependence of room-temperature photoluminescence spectra on dopant profiles of diffused layers, courtesy of bandgap narrowing effects in heavily-doped silicon, and different penetration depths of the two excitation wavelengths in silicon. It is fast, contactless, and nondestructive.

pH-Control as a way to fine-tune the Cu/CuO ratio in radiation induced synthesis of CuO particles.

In this work we have optimized the γ-radiation induced synthesis of Cu-Cu2O particles from aqueous CuSO4 solution by investigating the effect of pH. The obtained precipitate was analyzed by XRD and SEM techniques. The results indicated that at solution pH lower than 3.