A novel viologen-based hybrid crystalline material for photochromic glass films, information storage and anti-counterfeiting.

Information storage and anti-counterfeiting are two very important applications of photochromic materials. Photochromic materials with both information storage and anti-counterfeiting should meet the requirements including fast coloration, good stability and reversibility, low storage cost, and practical application value. Herein, a novel viologen-based coordination polymer, Cd[(pbpy)(HBTC)Cl]·2HO (1) (pbpy = 1,1'-[1,4-phenylenebis-(methylene)]bis(4,4'-bipyridinium); HBTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), has been constructed.

The bound polyphenols of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) inner shell inhibit breast cancer by promoting lipid accumulation-induced autophagic death.

Foxtail millet is a traditional excellent crop with high nutritional value in the world, belong to cereals. The bran of foxtail millet is rich in polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic effects. Previously, we extracted bound polyphenols from the inner shell of foxtail millet bran (BPIS).

The potential mechanism of Neu5Gc inducing colorectal cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Colorectal cancer has high morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in western countries; the incidence of colorectal cancer has been high, which is closely related to the high intake of red meat; and the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is responsible for red meat-induced colorectal cancer. A large number of previous studies have suggested that exogenous Neu5Gc-activated inflammation induced the occurrence of colorectal cancer. However, it has not been known whether the Neu5Gc has a direct inducing effect on colorectal cancer.

Enhanced Radical Generation in an Ultraviolet/Chlorine System through the Addition of TiO.

Ultraviolet (UV)/chlorine draws increasing attention for the abatement of recalcitrant organic pollutants. Herein, it was found that TiO would significantly promote the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in the UV/chlorine system (from 19 to 84%). Hydroxyl radicals (HO) and chlorine radicals (Cl) were the dominant reactive species for DMP degradation in the UV/chlorine/TiO system.

Overlooked enhancement of chloride ion on the transformation of reactive species in peroxymonosulfate/Fe(II)/NHOH system.

Though hydroxylamine (NHOH) is effective for accelerating pollutants degradation in Fenton and Fenton-like systems, the effect of anions simultaneously introduced by the hydroxylamine salts have always been ignored. Herein, effect of two commonly used hydroxylamine salts, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NHOH·HCl) and hydroxylamine sulfate [(NHOH)·HSO], for the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/Fe(II) system was comparatively investigated. Degradation efficiency of DMP with NHOH·HCl was 1.

Fruiting body polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus induce apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via ROS generation mediating caspase-9-dependent signaling pathways.

The fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. are commonly used in China in the treatment of digestive system diseases.

Isolation and structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies and its arrest of cell cycle at S-phage in colon cancer cells.

The fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus has been used to treat digestive system disorder-related diseases for over 2000 years in China. A novel polysaccharide, HEFP-2b, was obtained from H. erinaceus fruiting bodies.

Unraveling the interaction of hydroxylamine and Fe(III) in Fe(II)/Persulfate system: A kinetic and simulating study.

Hydroxylamine showed an outstanding performance on enhancing the oxidation of pollutants in Fe(II) involved advanced oxidation processes, while the detailed reaction schemes have not been fully revealed. Specific functions of hydroxylamine in the oxidation of benzoic acid with Fe(II)/persulfate (PDS) system were explored. With the addition of hydroxylamine, degradation kinetics of benzoic acid deviated from both two-stage kinetics and pseudo first order kinetics, but could be interpreted well with binomial regression analysis.

Characterization of the active fragments of Spodoptera litura Lebocin-1.

Insects can produce various antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) upon immune stimulation. One class of AMPs are characterized by their high proline content in certain fragments. They are generally called proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs).

Arsenic and sulfur dioxide co-exposure induce renal injury via activation of the NF-κB and caspase signaling pathway.

Although emerging evidence suggests positive association of arsenic (As) or sulfur dioxide (SO) exposure with human diseases, reports concerning the effects of co-exposure of As and SO are lacking. Moreover, there is insufficient information in the literature about As and SO co-exposure to renal injury. In this study, we focus on the environmental problems of excessive As and SO that co-exist in many coal consumption areas.

Molecular Characterization of a Mitochondrial Manganese Superoxide Dismutase From Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

In insects, superoxide dismutases (SODs) play a critical role in the scavenging of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protecting against oxidative stress induced by various environmental stresses. The Asiatic rice borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an economically important insect pest of rice crops. In this study, a mitochondrial manganese SOD (Cs-mMnSOD) gene was characterized in C.

Antimicrobial activities of a proline-rich proprotein from Spodoptera litura.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by the stimulated humoral immune system. Most mature AMPs contain less than 50 amino acid residues. Some of them are generated from proproteins upon microbial challenges.

Potential Roles of Protease Inhibitors in Cancer Progression.

Proteases are important molecules that are involved in many key physiological processes. Protease signaling pathways are strictly controlled, and disorders in protease activity can result in pathological changes such as cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, cancer and neurological disorders. Many proteases have been associated with increasing tumor metastasis in various human cancers, suggesting important functional roles in the metastatic process because of their ability to degrade the extracellular matrix barrier.

Progression and inflammation of human myeloid leukemia induced by ambient PM2.5 exposure.

PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) has been a dominating and ubiquitous air pollutant and has become a global concern.

Crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and Hedgehog/Gli signaling pathways in colon cancer and implications for therapy.

Wnt/β-catenin and Hedgehog/Gli signalings play key roles in multiple biogenesis such as embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulations of these 2 pathways are frequently found in most cancers, particularly in colon cancer. Their crosstalk has been increasingly appreciated as an important mechanism in regulating colon cancer progression.

GRP78 secreted by colon cancer cells facilitates cell proliferation via PI3K/Akt signaling.

Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is usually recognized as a chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, increasing evidence indicates that GRP78 can be translocated to the cell surface, acting as a signaling receptor for a variety of ligands. Since little is known about the secretion of GRP78 and its role in the progression of colon cancer we here focused on GRP78 from colon cancer cells, and purified GRP78 protein mimicking the secreted GRP78 was able to utilize cell surface GRP78 as its receptor, activating downstream PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and promote colon cancer cell proliferation.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane exposure induces the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma via Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a persistent organic pollutant, involved in the progression of many cancers, including liver cancer. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of DDT, especially how low doses DDT cause liver cancer, is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the impact of p,p'-DDT on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma using both in vitro and in vivo models.

[Function and biological activities of the autotaxin-LPA axis].

Autotaxin (ATX), a member of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP) family, is also named as phosphodiesterase Iα (PD-Iα) or NPP2. ATX is the unique member among the NPPs that can function as a lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD), converting lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA acts on specific G-protein-coupled receptors to elicit a wide range of cellular response, including cell proliferation, cell migration and cell contraction, etc.

[MG-132 enhances MSCs survival and IL-10 secretion under hypoxia and serum deprivation condition].

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as attractive candidates for cellular therapies for heart and other organ-system disorders. However, a major dilemma in stem cell therapy for ischemic heart diseases is the low survival of transplanted cells in the ischemic and peri-infarcted region. In this study, MSCs were treated by hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD) to mimic the ischemic microenvironment of infarcted hearts where MSCs were transplanted.

Expression and purification of two alternative peptides for mechano-growth factor in Escherichia coli.

Two genes, MGFc (40) and MGFc (24), encoding different E peptides of mechano-growth factor (MGF), were obtained by a four-step PCR strategy and subcloned into pRSETC and pGEX-6p-1. Recombinant MGFc(40) protein (4 mg l(-1)) was expressed and purified by affinity chromatography using His60 Ni Superflow. Recombinant MGFc(24) protein was purified using a glutathione-Sepharose 4B column.

Preparation of an immunoadsorbent coupled with a recombinant antigen to remove anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in abnormal serum.

An immunoadsorbent that removes anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChRAb) in abnormal serum of myasthenia gravis (MG) patient was efficiently prepared by an expression product, the functional fragment of AChR(alpha205) fused with maltose binding protein (MBP). The ligand can then covalently bind to amylose resin through MBP fusion protein. It was shown from the result of this study with anti-AChR mice sera that the removal rate of AChRAb on this immunoadsorbent reached 87+/-10% (mean value of 10 mice) and the maximally binding capacity of AChRAb was approximately 260 microg/g immunoadsorbent (wet weight).

Soluble expression and affinity purification of functional domain of human acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit by the modulation of maltose binding protein.

An open reading frame of the alpha-subunit 1-205 residues (alpha205) of human acetylcholine receptor (AchR) was amplified by PCR with pUC-AChR alpha205 as the template and inserted into vector pMAL-c2X. The constructed pMAR alpha205 was transferred into E. coli BL21 which were then grown in LB medium.