Via Multi-attention Guided UNet for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation of Ultrasound Images.

Accurate segmentation of thyroid nodules is essential for early screening and diagnosis, but it can be challenging due to the nodules' varying sizes and positions. To address this issue, we propose a multi-attention guided UNet (MAUNet) for thyroid nodule segmentation. We use a multi-scale cross attention (MSCA) module for initial image feature extraction.

APOA5 alleviates reactive oxygen species to promote oxaliplatin resistance in PIK3CA-mutated colorectal cancer.

Although platinum-based chemotherapy is the frontline regimen for colorectal cancer (CRC), drug resistance remains a major challenge affecting its therapeutic efficiency. However, there is limited research on the correlation between chemotherapy resistance and lipid metabolism, including PIK3CA mutant tumors. In this present study, we found that PIK3CA-E545K mutation attenuated cell apoptosis and increased the cell viability of CRC with L-OHP treatment and .

A Two-stage Diagnostic Framework for Post-ablation Treatment Response Assessment in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) video plays an important role in post-ablation treatment response assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the assessment of treatment response using CEUS video is challenging due to issues such as high inter-frame data repeatability, small ablation area and poor imaging quality of CEUS video. To address these issues, we propose a two-stage diagnostic framework for post-ablation treatment response assessment in patients with HCC using CEUS video.

Tumor microenviroment-responsive self-assembly of barium titanate nanoparticles with enhanced piezoelectric catalysis capabilities for efficient tumor therapy.

Catalytic therapy based on piezoelectric nanoparticles has become one of the effective strategies to eliminate tumors. However, it is still a challenge to improve the tumor delivery efficiency of piezoelectric nanoparticles, so that they can penetrate normal tissues while specifically aggregating at tumor sites and subsequently generating large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to achieve precise and efficient tumor clearance. In the present study, we successfully fabricated tumor microenvironment-responsive assembled barium titanate nanoparticles (tma-BTO NPs): in the neutral pH environment of normal tissues, tma-BTO NPs were monodisperse and possessed the ability to cross the intercellular space; whereas, the acidic environment of the tumor triggered the self-assembly of tma-BTO NPs to form submicron-scale aggregates, and deposited in the tumor microenvironment.

Glycolytic enzyme HK2 promotes PD-L1 expression and breast cancer cell immune evasion.

Immune therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been employed in the treatment of breast cancer, which requires aerobic glycolysis to sustain breast cancer cells growth. However, whether PD-L1 expression is regulated by glycolysis in breast cancer cells remains to be further elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) plays a crucial role in upregulating PD-L1 expression.

IFT-Net: Interactive Fusion Transformer Network for Quantitative Analysis of Pediatric Echocardiography.

The task of automatic segmentation and measurement of key anatomical structures in echocardiography is critical for subsequent extraction of clinical parameters. However, the influence of boundary blur, speckle noise, and other factors increase the difficulty of fully automatically segmenting 2D ultrasound images. The previous research has addressed this challenge using convolutional neural networks (CNN), which fails to consider global contextual information and long-range dependency.

Self-supervised multi-modal fusion network for multi-modal thyroid ultrasound image diagnosis.

Ultrasound is a typical non-invasive diagnostic method often used to detect thyroid cancer lesions. However, due to the limitations of the information provided by ultrasound images, shear wave elastography (SWE) and color doppler ultrasound (CDUS) are also used clinically to assist in diagnosis, which makes the diagnosis time-consuming, labor-intensive, and highly subjective process. Therefore, automatic diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules is beneficial for the clinical diagnosis of the thyroid.

Clinical application status and prospect of the combined anti-tumor strategy of ablation and immunotherapy.

Image-guided tumor ablation eliminates tumor cells by physical or chemical stimulation, which shows less invasive and more precise in local tumor treatment. Tumor ablation provides a treatment option for medically inoperable patients. Currently, clinical ablation techniques are widely used in clinical practice, including cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave ablation (MWA).

Shape Designed Implanted Drug Delivery System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.

In this study, an intelligent drug delivery system (DDS) based on implanted triboelectric nanogenerator (iTENG) and red blood cell (RBC) is established for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Apatinib (APA), as an oral antitumor drug, which can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is loaded inside RBC, realizing the transform from oral formulation to injection preparation. Multishape designed iTENG adapted for different implant sites and environments can harvest biomechanical energy efficiently.

Elevated LOXL2 expression by LINC01347/miR-328-5p axis contributes to 5-FU chemotherapy resistance of colorectal cancer.

Chemotherapy resistance after curative surgery is a major contributor to the mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). Detailed mechanism studies of specific molecular alterations are critical to improving the available therapies for long-term disease administration. We explored the functional role of LINC01347 in chemotherapy resistance of CRC.

AB4 inhibits Notch signaling and promotes cancer cell apoptosis in liver cancer.

The etiology for liver cancer has been clearly defined. Unfortunately, therapeutic approaches for liver cancer are rather limited, and liver cancer is insensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become a promising strategy for cancer treatment as TCM elicits broad spectrum anticancer activity.

LncRNA POU3F3 Contributes to Dacarbazine Resistance of Human Melanoma Through the MiR-650/MGMT Axis.

Alkylating agents are critical therapeutic options for melanoma, while dacarbazine (DTIC)-based chemotherapy showed poor sensitivity in clinical trials. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were highlighted in the progression of malignant tumors in recent years, whereas little was known about their involvement in melanoma. The functional role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA POU3F3 were evaluated on DTIC-resistant melanoma cells.

Flip bifurcation of a discrete predator-prey model with modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type III schemes.

The continuous predator-prey model is one of the main models studied in recent years. The dynamical properties of these models are so complex that it is an urgent topic to be studied. In this paper, we transformed a continuous predator-prey model with modified Leslie-Gower and Hollingtype III schemes into a discrete mode by using Euler approximation method.

Anemoside B4 exerts anti-cancer effect by inducing apoptosis and autophagy through inhibiton of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required. Anemoside B4 (AB4) is a compound extracted from (). Previous studies have indicated that extract saponins has anti-cancer activity.

Overexpression of Nmnat improves the adaption of health span in aging Drosophila.

Nmnat is a stress response protein which has been involved in a variety of biological processes. However, the effects of Nmnat on aging have not yet been investigated. The present study revealed the effects of Nmnat on aging of Drosophila and uncovered its underlying mechanism.

"Less Blue, More Clean": CuO nano-cubic functionalized hydrogel for the energy transformation of light-emitting screens.

Cubic CuO nanoparticle modified hydrogel (CMHG) was synthesized to address two major problems (harmful irradiation and high density pathogens) of the current light-emitting screens simultaneously. The as-prepared hydrogel could conveniently form an adjustable semitransparent film over various shaped screens to provide enhanced antibacterial activity and longer CuO service life. More importantly, with the aid of cubic CuO nanoparticles, the energy of the harmful blue light irradiation could be effectively transformed into a photocatalysed power source to sterilize the surface of the screen.

[Application of lateral malleolus hook-plate in treatment of stage II supination-adduction type medial malleolus fracture].

Objective: To investigate the application of lateral malleolus hook-plate for the treatment of stage II supination-adduction type medial malleolus fractures.

Methods: Between January 2011 and June 2013, 21 patients with stage II supination-adduction type ankle fractures were treated with lateral malleolus hook-plate, including 12 males and 9 females with an average age of 55.5 years (range, 27-65 years).

(R)-2-[1-(2,6-Dichloro-3,4,5-trimeth-oxy-benzo-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-4,4,5,5-tetra-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-1-oxyl 3-oxide.

In the title compound, C(21)H(28)Cl(2)N(3)O(6), the nitronyl nitroxide ring displays a half-chair conformation, whereas the pyrrolidine ring has an envelope conformation. These two rings are twisted to each other with N-C-C-N torsion angles around the connecting C-C bond of 48.9 (6) and -127.

2-[1-(4-Chloro-benzo-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]-4,4,5,5-tetra-methyl-4,5-dihydro-imidazole-1-oxyl-3-oxide.

In the title compound, C(18)H(23)ClN(3)O(3), the imidazole ring system has an envelope conformation, whereas the nitronyl nitroxide unit displays a half-chair or twisted conformation. In the crystal, C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds build up a three-dimensional network.