Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Lactoferrin and HIF-1α on Dry Eye Syndrome in Mice.

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and related mechanisms of lactoferrin and HIF-1α on dry eye syndrome (DED) in mice. The expression levels of lactoferrin and HIF-1α in tears of DED patients and normal controls were detected. A DED mouse model received lactoferrin (50 mg/kg dissolved in 2 mL PBS) or DMOG (40 mg/kg dissolved in 2 mL PBS) orally daily for 28 days.

Associations of Cooking Salt Intake During Pregnancy with Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age Newborns: A Large Cohort Study.

Excessive salt intake has been strongly associated with multiple health conditions, while evidence linking salt consumption during pregnancy and birth outcomes remains limited. We aimed to investigate the association between salt intake during pregnancy and adverse outcomes of birth weight. Our study was based on a prospective cohort study that has followed 4267 mother-child pairs since 2017 in Shanghai, China.

Protective effects of Colla Corii Asini Collagen Peptides on D-galactose injection combined with UVB irradiation-induced aging in mice.

Skin aging, autonomic mobility, memory function and physical deterioration are important features of aging, and effective anti-aging treatments are important in slowing down these processes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the protective effect of Colla Corii Asini (Ejiao) Collagen Peptides (CCACPs) on D-galactose (D-gal) injection combined with UV irradiation-induced senescence in mice. BY-HEALTH collagen oral solution (Bcos) was used as a positive control.

The Role of Ion-Polaron Electrostatic Attraction on Zn Migration in α-VO for Zinc Ion Battery: Insights from First-Principles Calculations.

The migration of Zn ions is significantly more challenging compared to that of Li ions within the same crystalline framework, leading to poor rate performance of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Compared to Li, the slower migration rate of Zn is vaguely attributed to the stronger electrostatic interaction induced by Zn. Herein, the rule of how the size of the migration channel and electrostatic interaction affect Zn and Li migration in α-VO has been systematically investigated by first-principle calculations.

Global foot-and-mouth disease risk assessment based on multiple spatial analysis and ecological niche model.

Foot-and-Mouth Disease is a highly contagious transboundary animal disease. FMD has caused a significant economic impact globally due to direct losses and trade restrictions on animals and animal products. This study utilized multi-distance spatial cluster analysis, kernel density analysis, directional distribution analysis to investigate the spatial distribution patterns of historical FMD epidemics.

Single-cell Atlas reveals core function of CPVL/MSR1 expressing macrophages in the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with the worst prognosis among all subtypes. The impact of distinct cell subpopulations within the tumor microenvironment (TME) on TNBC patient prognosis has yet to be clarified.

Methods: Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) integrated with bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq), we applied Cox regression models to compute hazard ratios, and cross-validated prognostic scoring using a GLMNET-based Cox model.

Nano-alkaline ion-excited NETs ablative eye drops promote ocular surface recovery.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) promote neovascularization during the acute phase after ocular chemical injury, while the local inflammatory acidic environment delays post-injury repair. Currently, the mechanism of NETs promoting neovascularization has not been fully elucidated, and there is a lack of therapeutic strategies to effectively improve the local microenvironment for corneal repair. In this study, we validated the NETs-M2-angiogenic pathway after injury.

The associations of dietary manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium and magnesium with cognitive outcomes in Chinese adults: a cross sectional study in Shanghai.

Introduction: The role of individual nutrients including vitamins and minerals in cognitive function gained increasing attention in recent years. With regard to the association between dietary minerals and cognitive function, the results of human studies are inconclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the association between mineral intake and cognitive function using the data from Shanghai Health and Nutrition Survey (SHNS) in 2018.

Multimodal data fusion AI model uncovers tumor microenvironment immunotyping heterogeneity and enhanced risk stratification of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women, with a significant number experiencing recurrence and metastasis, thereby reducing survival rates. This study focuses on the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer immunotherapy response. We conducted an analysis involving 1027 patients from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, and The Cancer Genome Atlas, utilizing RNA sequencing and pathology whole-slide images.

Self-improving generative foundation model for synthetic medical image generation and clinical applications.

In many clinical and research settings, the scarcity of high-quality medical imaging datasets has hampered the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) clinical applications. This issue is particularly pronounced in less common conditions, underrepresented populations and emerging imaging modalities, where the availability of diverse and comprehensive datasets is often inadequate. To address this challenge, we introduce a unified medical image-text generative model called MINIM that is capable of synthesizing medical images of various organs across various imaging modalities based on textual instructions.

Leveraging foundation and large language models in medical artificial intelligence.

Recent advancements in the field of medical artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the widespread adoption of foundational and large language models. This review paper explores their applications within medical AI, introducing a novel classification framework that categorizes them as disease-specific, general-domain, and multi-modal models. The paper also addresses key challenges such as data acquisition and augmentation, including issues related to data volume, annotation, multi-modal fusion, and privacy concerns.

The Consumption of Non-Sugar Sweetened and Ready-to-Drink Beverages as Emerging Types of Beverages in Shanghai.

Background: The Chinese beverage industry is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in the popularity of non-sugar sweetened beverages (NSSs) and ready-to-drink beverages (RSBs). This study aimed to assess current consumption patterns and determinants of various beverage types among retail visitors.

Methods: A total of 44 observation points, including 22 supermarkets and 22 convenience stores, were randomly selected across Shanghai.

Youthful small extracellular vesicles restore the function and reparative capacity of inflammatory-impaired periodontal ligament stem cells via delivering protein biglycan for bone regeneration.

Regenerating inflamed bone defects represents a severe clinical challenge due to the undesirable inflammatory microenvironment. The inflammatory stimulus poses a weighty threat to the regenerative capacity of endogenously derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are mainly responsible for osteogenic differentiation, thereby resulting in compromised endogenous bone formation. Consequently, alleviating the biological characteristics of inflammatory-impaired MSCs is crucial for promoting inflamed bone regeneration.

Effect of bispectral index on intra-operative awareness: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of bispectral index (BIS) to reduce intra-operative awareness (IOA) have reported conflicting results. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to consolidate results from RCTs to assess the efficacy of BIS in reducing IOA when compared to controls. Secondary outcomes included time to extubation, time to spontaneous and/or verbal eye opening, PACU discharge time, and utilization of inhaled anesthetics.

Association of Beverage Consumption during Pregnancy with Adverse Maternal and Offspring Outcomes.

Background: As the global consumption of sugary and non-sugar sweetened beverages continues to rise, there is growing concern about their health impacts, particularly among pregnant women and their offspring.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the consumption patterns of various beverages among pregnant women in Shanghai and their potential health impacts on both mothers and offspring.

Method: We applied a multi-stage random sampling method to select participants from 16 districts in Shanghai.

Associations of serum arginine acid with sarcopenia in Chinese eldely women.

Background: The prevalence of sarcopenia is increasing in worldwide with accelerated aging process. The high dietary protein intakes are associated with improved muscle mass and strength especially in Asian countries. However, there are few researches on amino acid levels or mechanism exploration.

Association between prescription opioid use and heart failure: Cohort studies and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Prescription opioid use (POU) has been shown to lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its association with heart failure has not been well studied. We investigated the potential causal association between POU and HF using cohort studies and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Initially, we examined the longitudinal association between POU and HF using the data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the UK biobank.

Optimized Photothermal Conversion Ability through Interband Transitions in FeCoNiCrMn High-Entropy-Alloy Nanoparticles.

High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) composed of 3d transition metallic elements have attracted intensive attention in photothermal conversion regions due to their d-d interband transitions (IBTs). However, the effect arising from the unbalanced elemental ratio still needs more focus. In this work, FeCoNiCrMn HEA-NPs with different elemental ratios among Cr and Mn have been employed to clarify the impact of different composed elements on the optical absorption and photothermal conversion performance.

Artificial intelligence system for outcome evaluations of human in vitro fertilization-derived embryos.

Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) has emerged as a transformative solution for infertility. However, achieving favorable live-birth outcomes remains challenging. Current clinical IVF practices in IVF involve the collection of heterogeneous embryo data through diverse methods, including static images and temporal videos.

Spatiotemporal analysis of equine infectious anemia and prediction of risk areas in Europe.

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) is a vector-borne persistent viral infection in equine animals. The EIA is characterized by recurrent fever, thrombocytopenia, depression, anemia, rapid weight loss, and lower body edema. Control of EIA is achieved through the elimination or isolation of infected animals, resulting in significant economic losses.

The association between team behaviors and competitive anxiety among team-handball players: the mediating role of achievement goals.

Team sports athletes may encounter significant stress, leading to competitive anxiety. The anxiety levels can be influenced by team behaviors and achievement goals. This study aims to investigate the relationship between team behaviors (i.